Biography:David Gorski

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Short description: Science-based medicine advocate
David Gorski
Gorski1.jpeg
Gorski in 2016
Born
David Henry Gorski
NationalityAmerican
Education
Scientific career
FieldsSurgical oncology
Institutions
  • Wayne State University School of Medicine
  • Karmanos Cancer Institute
Doctoral advisorKenneth Walsh

David Henry Gorski is an American surgical oncologist and professor of surgery at Wayne State University School of Medicine.[1] He specializes in breast cancer surgery at the Karmanos Cancer Institute.[2] Gorski is an outspoken skeptic and critic of alternative medicine and the anti-vaccination movement. A prolific blogger, he writes as Orac at Respectful Insolence, and as himself at Science-Based Medicine where he is the managing editor.[3][4][5]

Early life and education

Gorski attended a Roman Catholic high school.[6] He went on to study medicine at the University of Michigan, earning an MD in 1988.[7] He entered a residency in general surgery in 1989 at the University Hospitals of Cleveland. Gorski completed a PhD in cellular physiology at Case Western Reserve University in 1994. His dissertation was entitled "Homeobox Gene Expression and Regulation in Vascular Myocytes."[8] Gorski continued his residency (1993–96) and completed a surgical oncology research fellowship (1996–99) at The University of Chicago.[9][10]

Prior to 2005, he was active on the early internet message boards of Usenet participating in flame wars.[6]

Career

In the mid 2000s, Gorski taught surgery as an associate professor at the Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey[11] and the Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, at Rutgers University.[12]

In 2007 he received the Advanced Clinical Research Award in Breast Cancer from the American Society of Clinical Oncology.[13] He was awarded research grants by The Breast Cancer Research Foundation in 2008, 2009, and 2010.[14]

In 2008, Gorski joined the Wayne State University School of Medicine[15] and became affiliated with the Karmanos Cancer Institute.[12] He is a professor of surgery and oncology at the Wayne State University School of Medicine,[9] whose laboratory conducts research on transcriptional regulation of vascular endothelial cell phenotype, as well as the role of metabotropic glutamate receptors in breast cancer.[9] In 2009, he was appointed the cancer liaison physician for the American College of Surgeons Committee on Cancer.[16]

He became the co-director of the Michigan Breast Oncology Quality Initiative in 2013.[17][18]

Gorski is listed as a founder of the Institute for Science in Medicine[19] and as a member of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.[14]

Research

Gorski's 1999 article "Blockade of the vascular endothelial growth factor stress response increases the antitumor effects of ionizing radiation", characterizing the effects of angiogenesis inhibitors on the effectiveness of anti-tumor therapies, has been cited over 900 times according to PubMed.[20][21] This research has been used in anti-tumor therapeutic research, including an observation that angiogenesis inhibitors enhanced the therapeutic effects of ionizing radiation "by preventing repair of radiation damage to endothelial cells,"[22] and in determining the potential of combinational therapies to allow reduction of the dosages in toxic conventional treatments[23] while sustaining tumor regression when combined with specific antibodies and radiation therapy.[24]

Gorski's work with Helena Mauceri and others, published in Nature in 1998 as "Combined effects of angiostatin and ionizing radiation in antitumour therapy" studied the "combined effects of angiostatin" (a protein occurring in several animal species) "and ionizing radiation in anti-tumor therapy"[25] led to investigation into the selective destruction of tumor cells, which according to a 1999 study by Gregg L. Semenza (citing Mauceri and others), "are more hypoxic than normal cells," allowing for "tumor cells to be killed without major systemic side effects."[26]

In 2008, Gorski and Yun Chen published an article titled "Regulation of angiogenesis through a microRNA (miR-130a) that down-regulates antiangiogenic homeobox genes GAX and HOXA5" that investigated the use of microRNA to regulate angiogenesis.[27]

Skepticism of alternative medicine

One person standing at a podium and three people sitting at a table with microphones in front of them
Skeptics Steven Novella, Harriet Hall, David Gorski, and Rachael Dunlop on a panel at The Amaz!ng Meeting 2012

Gorski is a vocal skeptic of alternative medicine, known to confront pseudoscience.[28]

He has criticized the prevalence of pseudoscience in the medical field including the use of alternative therapies,[29][30] acupuncture,[31] detoxification,[32] and the use of dietary treatment to manage autism.[33]

Blogs

Gorski is a prolific blogger.[6] In 2004, he began writing a blog entitled Respectful Insolence at Blogspot under the pen name Orac. Respectful Insolence was then moved to the ScienceBlogs website.[34][35] Alissa Quart, writing for Columbia Journalism Review in 2010, described Orac as a "self-appointed autism expert" known for attacking the "vaccines-cause-autism set" and who had recently celebrated when an opponent lost their medical license.[36] In 2015, writing for Slate, Jacob Brogan said Orac was a "doctor who blogs about skepticism and medicine".[37]

In 2008 Gorski started blogging at Science-Based Medicine under his real name while continuing to blog as Orac at Respectful Insolence.[38][39] He was later doxed as Orac.[6] As the managing editor at Science-Based Medicine, Gorski has posted on issues of medicine and pseudoscience, including the anti-vaccination movement, alternative therapies, and cancer research and treatment.[40][41] In 2010, Gorski recounted how members of the anti-vaccine blog Age of Autism wrote to the board of directors at Wayne State University and asked that he be prevented from blogging.[42]

Writing for The Atlantic in 2011, David H. Freedman described Gorski as one of the more "prickly anti-alternative-medicine warriors"[43] and said he was "among a small, loud band of alt-med critics."[44]

Gorski contributed to the James Randi Education Foundation's series of EBooks: Science Based Medicine Guides.[45] He is a fellow of the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry.[46] He was a speaker at The Amaz!ng Meeting in 2009, 2010, 2012 and 2013[47][48] and has been a participant on several panels on alternative medicine.[49][50][51] He called attention to a 2005 paper by John Ioannidis on problems with published research.[52]

Gorski has advocated for open research data of clinical trial results and for only using evidence-based medicine to treat disease.[53] He has been critical of Senator Tom Harkin's support of the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM), which became the National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health.[41] He has criticized the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and NCCAM for funding and publishing research on unproven therapies not supported by science-based evidence,[54][55] and has commented on medical ethics and methods of alternative medicine.[56]

Gorski has criticized popularization of pseudoscience by the media and celebrities such as Oprah Winfrey,[57] Bill Maher,[58] Ann Coulter,[59] and The Huffington Post.[60] In June 2013, he expressed support for healthcare professionals speaking out against poor medical practices and the sale of unproven treatments.[61] Gorski was interviewed by WPRR in 2012.[62] He criticized the American Medical Student Association for their co-sponsorship of an Integrative Medicine Day.[63]

In September 2014, Gorski and fellow skeptic Steven Novella published an article in Trends in Molecular Medicine denouncing the study of integrative medicine as harmful to science.[64][65] The following month Gorski also published an article critical of integrative oncology.[66] Six of his colleagues responded to express concerns with his view on integrative oncology.[67]

Personal life

Gorski is married.[6][15] His views have gradually shifted from conservative to center-left Democrat.[6]

Publications

  • Speyer, Cecilia L.; Nassar, Mahdy A.; Hachem, Ali H.; Bukhsh, Miriam A.; Jafry, Waris S.; Khansa, Rafa M.; Gorski, David H. (4 May 2016). "Riluzole mediates anti-tumor properties in breast cancer cells independent of metabotropic glutamate receptor-1". Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 157 (2): 217–228. doi:10.1007/s10549-016-3816-x. PMID 27146584. 
  • "Trends in Metastatic Breast and Prostate Cancer—Lessons in Cancer Dynamics". N Engl J Med 373 (18): 1685–1687. 2015. doi:10.1056/NEJMp1510443. PMID 26510017. 
  • Gorski D. H. (2014). "Integrative oncology: really the best of both worlds?". Nat Rev Cancer 14 (10): 692–700. doi:10.1038/nrc3822. PMID 25230880. 
  • 2018 Pseudoscience: The Conspiracy Against Science "Integrative' Medicine: Integrating Quackery with Science-Based Medicine" :MIT Press: edited by Allison B. Kaufman, James C. Kaufman: ISBN:978-0262037426[68]

References

  1. ↑ "David Gorski" (in en). Wayne State University – School of Medicine – Cancer Biology Program. https://cancerbiologyprogram.med.wayne.edu/profile/dz8037. 
  2. ↑ "David Gorski M.D., Ph.D.". Physician Details. Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University. 2013. https://www.karmanos.org/karmanos/karmanos-physician-directory/gorski-david-7481. 
  3. ↑ Szabo, Lisa (18 June 2013). "How to guard against a quack". USA Today. https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2013/06/18/how-to-spot-a-quack/2429471/. 
  4. ↑ "David H. Gorski, MD, PhD – Managing Editor". 5 October 2008. https://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/editorial-staff/david-h-gorski-md-phd-managing-editor/. 
  5. ↑ "Respectful Insolence" (in en-US). https://respectfulinsolence.com/. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 Hongoltz-Hetling, Matthew (2023-02-28). "A Doctor's War Against the Right-Wing Medical-Freedom Movement". The New Republic. ISSN 0028-6583. https://newrepublic.com/article/170255/doctors-war-right-wing-medical-freedom-movement. Retrieved 2023-04-09. 
  7. ↑ "David Gorski" (in en). 2019-10-25. https://cancerbiologyprogram.med.wayne.edu/profile/dz8037. 
  8. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 "David H. Gorski". Cancer Biology Graduate Program. Wayne State University School of Medicine. 2013. http://cancerbiologyprogram.med.wayne.edu/faculty/gorski.php. 
  9. ↑ "David Gorski, M.D.". Faculty. Department of Surgery / Detroit Medical Center, Wayne State University. 2005. http://www.med.wayne.edu/surgery/faculty/DGorski.html. 
  10. ↑ "Graduate School-New Brunswick 2005-2007 Programs, Faculty, and Courses Cell and Developmental Biology 148". 2005. https://catalogs.rutgers.edu/generated/nb-grad_0507/pg24131.html. 
  11. ↑ 12.0 12.1 Bepler, Gerold (1 February 2011). Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Center names Dr. David Gorski leader of breast multidisciplinary team. PR Newswire. http://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/barbara-ann-karmanos-cancer-center-names-dr-david-gorski-leader-of-breast-multidisciplinary-team-115018114.html. Retrieved 18 June 2013. 
  12. ↑ Fisher, Michele (11 June 2007). New Jersey surgical oncologist receives prestigious award at international conference. University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey. http://www.umdnj.edu/about/news_events/releases/07/r061107_NJ_SurgicalOncologist_ReceivesPrestigiousAward_atInternationalConference.htm. Retrieved 14 June 2013. "CINJ scientist receives a near half-million dollars for future breast cancer research.". 
  13. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "2007–2008 Grantees". Pink Press (The Breast Cancer Research Foundation): p. 8. Winter 2008. http://www.bcrfcure.org/pdf/newsletter_winter08.pdf.  Alt URL[yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]"2008–2009 Grantees". Pink Press (The Breast Cancer Research Foundation): p. 9. Winter 2009. http://www.bcrfcure.org/pdf/newsletter_winter09.pdf.  Alt URL[yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]"2009–2010 Grantees". Pink Press (The Breast Cancer Research Foundation): p. 8. Winter 2010. http://www.bcrfcure.org/pdf/newsletter_winter10.pdf.  Alt URL[yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
  14. ↑ 15.0 15.1 "Meet the provider: David Gorski, M.D.". September 29, 2021. https://www.waynehealthcares.org/meet-the-provider-david-gorski-m-d/. 
  15. ↑ "Dr. David Gorski appointed Cancer Liaison Physician for Karmanos". Prognosis E-News. Wayne State University School of Medicine. 7 January 2009. https://www.med.wayne.edu/news/2009/01/07/dr-david-gorski-appointed-cancer-liaison-physician-for-karmanos/. 
  16. ↑ "Breast Cancer Program". Barbara Ann Kamanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University. 2013. http://www.karmanos.org/cancer-care/teams/Breast-Team. 
  17. ↑ "Karmanos Cancer Center's Dr. David Gorski appointed program co-director of Michigan Breast Oncology Quality Initiative". Karmanos Cancer Institute. July 30, 2013. https://www.med.wayne.edu/news/2013/07/30/dr-gorski-named-co-director-of-michigan-breast-oncology-quality-initiative/. 
  18. ↑ "David H. Gorski, MD, PhD". ISM Fellows. Institute for Science in Medicine. 2011. http://www.scienceinmedicine.org/fellows/GorskiD.html. 
  19. ↑ Gorski, David H.; Beckett, Michael A.; Jaskowiak, Nora T.; Calvin, Douglas P. et al. (15 July 1999). "Blockade of the vascular endothelial growth factor stress response increases the antitumor effects of ionizing radiation". Cancer Research 59 (14): 3374–3378. PMID 10416597. http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/59/14/3374.long. Retrieved 21 June 2013. 
  20. ↑ Related Citations for PubMed (Select 10416597), PubMed, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?linkname=pubmed_pubmed&from_uid=10416597, retrieved 28 June 2013 
  21. ↑ Kerbel, Robert; Folkman, Judah (October 2002). "Clinical translation of angiogenesis inhibitors". Nature Reviews Cancer 2 (10): 727–739. doi:10.1038/nrc905. PMID 12360276. 
  22. ↑ Dvorak, Harold F. (1 November 2002). "Vascular Permeability Factor/Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor: A Critical Cytokine in Tumor Angiogenesis and a Potential Target for Diagnosis and Therapy". Journal of Clinical Oncology 20 (21): 4368–4380. doi:10.1200/JCO.2002.10.088. PMID 12409337. 
  23. ↑ Klement, Giannoula; Baruchel, Sylvain; Rak, Janusz; Man, Shan et al. (15 April 2000). "Continuous low-dose therapy with vinblastine and VEGF receptor-2 antibody induces sustained tumor regression without overt toxicity". Journal of Clinical Investigation 105 (8): R15–R24. doi:10.1172/JCI8829. PMID 10772661. 
  24. ↑ Mauceri, Helena J.; Hanna, Nader N.; Beckett, Michael A.; Gorski, David H. et al. (16 July 1998). "Combined effects of angiostatin and ionizing radiation in antitumour therapy". Nature 394 (6690): 287–291. doi:10.1038/28412. PMID 9685160. Bibcode: 1998Natur.394..287M. 
  25. ↑ Semenza, Gregg L. (1999). "Regulation of Mammalian O2 Homeostasis by Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1". Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology 15 (1): 551–578. doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.15.1.551. PMID 10611972. 
  26. ↑ Chen, Yun; Gorski, David H. (1 February 2008). "Regulation of angiogenesis through a microRNA (miR-130a) that down-regulates antiangiogenic homeobox genes GAX and HOXA5". Blood 111 (3): 1217–1226. doi:10.1182/blood-2007-07-104133. 
  27. ↑ Hiltzik, Michael (2015-04-20). "A physicians' attack on Dr. Oz explodes into a new controversy" (in en-US). https://www.latimes.com/business/hiltzik/la-fi-mh-a-physicians-attack-on-dr-oz-explodes-into-a-new-controversy-20150420-column.html. 
  28. ↑ Page, Leigh (12 June 2013), "What to do when a patient wants 'alternative' medicine", Medscape Business of Medicine, http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/805545, retrieved 25 June 2013. 
  29. ↑ Munger, Dave (2 September 2009). "Controls for acupuncture studies are improving. Their results are not. How are peer reviewers reacting?". Seed. http://seedmagazine.com/content/article/acupuncture_real_or_sham/. 
  30. ↑ Salzberg, Steven (15 February 2010), "Battlefield acupuncture: Pseudoscience for wounded troops", Forbes.com, https://www.forbes.com/sites/sciencebiz/2010/02/15/battlefield-acupuncture-pseudoscience-for-wounded-troops/, retrieved 25 June 2013. 
  31. ↑ Lee, Linda (13 April 2012). "Bridal Hunger Games: Losing Weight in Time for the Wedding". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/15/fashion/weddings/Losing-Weight-in-Time-for-the-Wedding.html. 
  32. ↑ Hansen, Lacy Jaye (7 December 2012), "The GAPS diet claims you can eat away autism. But can you really?", Diets in Review.com, http://www.dietsinreview.com/diet_column/12/the-gaps-diet-claims-you-can-eat-away-autism-but-can-you-really/, retrieved 25 June 2013. 
  33. ↑ Bremner, Doug (19 September 2008). "Blogging doctors rock on!". The Huffington Post. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/doug-bremner/blogging-doctors-rock-on_b_127675.html. 
  34. ↑ Gorski, David. "Respectful Insolence". ScienceBlogs. http://www.scienceblogs.com/insolence/author/oracknows/. 
  35. ↑ Quart, Alissa (July 2010). "The Trouble with Experts" (in en). https://www.cjr.org/60th/the-trouble-with-experts-jenny-mccarthy-mommy-bloggers.php/. 
  36. ↑ Brogan, Jacob (2015-12-07). "Depression Is Real. "Hypersensitivity to Wi-Fi" Isn't." (in en-US). Slate. ISSN 1091-2339. https://slate.com/technology/2015/12/british-teenager-jenny-fry-didn-t-kill-herself-because-of-a-wi-fi-allergy.html. 
  37. ↑ "Who is Orac?". Respectful Insolence. https://respectfulinsolence.com/who-is-orac/. 
  38. ↑ Beall, Jeffrey (2018). "Chapter 12: Scientific Soundness and the Problem of Predatory Journals". in Kaufman, Allison B.; Kaufman, James C (in en). Pseudoscience: The Conspiracy Against Science. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0262344821. https://books.google.com/books?id=iQFKDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA296. 
  39. ↑ Jones, Val (4 June 2009), Kevin Pho, ed., "Hostility Towards Scientists and Jenny McCarthy's Latest Video", KevinMD.com (MedPage Today), http://www.medpagetoday.com/Blogs/KevinMD/14538, retrieved 25 June 2013. 
  40. ↑ 41.0 41.1 Specter, Michael (2009). Denialism: How Irrational Thinking Harms the Planet and Threatens Our Lives. Penguin Group US. ISBN 978-1-101-15102-0. https://books.google.com/books?id=J-VMNrt3JyIC. Retrieved 21 June 2013. 
  41. ↑ Gorski, David H. (18 June 2010). "The price of opposing medical pseudoscience". http://www.sciencebasedmedicine.org/the-price-of-skepticism/. 
  42. ↑ Freedman, David H. (May–June 2012). "Doctors who care: Does alternative medicine work?". Utne Reader. http://www.utne.com/mind-body/alternative-medicine-zm0z12mjzros.aspx. 
  43. ↑ Freedman, David H. (2011-06-23). "What's Eating the Small, Loud Band of Alt-Med Critics?" (in en). https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2011/06/whats-eating-the-small-loud-band-of-alt-med-critics/240860/. 
  44. ↑ "JREF publishes three volumes on science-based medicine". James Randi Education Foundation. http://archive.randi.org/site/index.php/jref-news/2023-jref-publishes-three-volumes-on-science-based-medicine.html. 
    "JREF publishes three more science-based medicine volumes". James Randi Education Foundation. http://archive.randi.org/site/index.php/jref-news/2075-jref-publishes-three-more-science-based-medicine-volumes.html. 
    "Science-based medicine Ebooks, volumes 7-12 now available". James Randi Education Foundation. http://archive.randi.org/site/index.php/jref-news/2130-science-based-medicine-ebooks-volumes-7-12-now-available.html. 
  45. ↑ "CSI Fellows and Staff". Committee for Skeptical Inquiry. 2009. http://www.csicop.org/about/csi_fellows_and_staff/. 
  46. ↑ "The Amaz!ing Meeting 2013: Schedule". The Amza!ing Meeting website. James Randi Education Foundation. 2013. http://www.amazingmeeting.com/tam2013/schedule. 
  47. ↑ Novella, Steven (6 March 2009). "Science-Based Medicine Conference". Neurologica blog. New England Skeptical Society. http://theness.com/neurologicablog/index.php/science-based-medicine-conference/. 
    Wagg, Jeffrey (2010). "The Amaz!ng Meeting 8, 2010 Schedule". James Randi Educational Foundation. http://www.randi.org/site/index.php/component/content/article/37-static/882-the-amazing-meeting-8-2010-schedule.html. Retrieved 24 June 2013. 
    "Expert panel trashes "alternative medicine" concept". Consumer Health Digest (The National Council Against Health Fraud) (12–29). 23 August 2012. http://www.ncahf.org/digest12/12-29.html. Retrieved 25 June 2013. 
    "The Amaz!ing Meeting 2012: Program". The Amaz!ng Meeting website. James Randi Education Foundation. 2012. http://www.amazingmeeting.com/TAM2012/program. 
  48. ↑ "Drs. Ben Goldacre, David Gorski and Michael Shermer on the threat of pseudoscience". McGill University Faculty of Science. 18 October 2010. https://www.mcgill.ca/science/events/trottier-symposium/2010/october18. 
  49. ↑ "David Gorski — NECSS". New England Skeptical Society and NYC Skeptics. http://necss.org/speakers/david-gorski. 
  50. ↑ "Speakers". CSICon 2012 website. Committee for Skeptical Inquiry. 2012. http://www.csiconference.org/speakers.php. 
  51. ↑ Roach, Mary; Folger, Tim (2011). The Best American Science and Nature Writing 2011. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. pp. 123–124. ISBN 978-0-547-67846-7. https://books.google.com/books?id=yuMW5r7C29EC. Retrieved 21 June 2013. 
  52. ↑ Miller, Naseem (16 March 2011), "Most drug trial results analyzed by FDA hidden from view", Accountability (The Center for Public Integrity), http://www.publicintegrity.org/2010/05/14/2673/most-drug-trial-results-analyzed-fda-hidden-view, retrieved 26 June 2013. 
  53. ↑ Greek, Ray; Menache, Andre (2013). "Systematic reviews of animal models: Methodology versus epistemology". International Journal of Medical Sciences 10 (3): 206–221. doi:10.7150/ijms.5529. PMID 23372426. 
  54. ↑ Husten, Larry (1 April 2013), "The Raging Debate Over The NIH's TACT Chelation Trial", Forbes.com, https://www.forbes.com/sites/larryhusten/2013/04/02/a-guide-to-the-raging-debate-over-the-nihs-tact-chelation-trial/, retrieved 26 June 2013. 
    Berezow, Alex B.; Campbell, Hank (2012). Science Left Behind: Feel-Good Fallacies and the Rise of the Anti-Scientific Left. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-61039-165-8. https://archive.org/details/scienceleftbehin00bere. Retrieved 2013-06-21. 
    Kay, Alison J. (2012). What If There's Nothing Wrong?. Balboa Press. p. 283. ISBN 978-1-4525-6147-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=ZjtGMrFZ3RYC. Retrieved 21 June 2013. 
  55. ↑ Khorana, Alok (16 September 2009), "Alternative medicine and trials of dubious ethicality", OncNotes (Medscape), http://boards.medscape.com/forums/?128@@.29f63208!comment=1, retrieved 25 June 2013. 
    Schneider, Lee (30 September 2009), "Snake oil medicine", The Huffington Post, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/lee-schneider/snake-oil-medicine_b_302024.html, retrieved 27 June 2013. 
    Keller, Daniel M. (15 February 2012), "Integrative Medicine Use Up, but Outcomes Still Uncertain", Medscape Medical News, http://www.medscape.com/viewarticle/758725, retrieved 25 June 2013. 
  56. ↑ Shomon, Mary (2 June 2009), "Media and bloggers accuse Oprah of medical malpractice", About.com: Thyroid Disease, http://thyroid.about.com/b/2009/06/02/oprah-medical-malpractice.htm, retrieved 25 June 2013. 
    Gorski, David (7 June 2009). "Is Oprah Winfrey giving us bad medicine?". Toronto Star. https://www.thestar.com/news/insight/2009/06/07/is_oprah_winfrey_giving_us_bad_medicine.html. 
    Amarasingam, Amarnath (25 May 2011). "Oprah: High priestess of the New Age". The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/on-faith/post/oprah-high-priestess-of-the-new-age/2011/05/25/AGJOBHBH_blog.html. 
  57. ↑ Fahey, Jonathan; Whelan, David (14 January 2010), "In Pictures: Celebs Who Take On Science", Forbes.com: p. 8 (Bill Maher), https://www.forbes.com/2010/01/14/science-jenny-mccarthy-business-healthcare-hollywood-autism_slide_8.html, retrieved 26 June 2013. 
  58. ↑ Miller, Henry I. (21 December 2011), "Can tiny amounts of poison actually be good for you?", Forbes.com, https://www.forbes.com/sites/henrymiller/2011/12/21/can-tiny-amounts-of-poison-actually-be-good-for-you/, retrieved 27 June 2013. 
  59. ↑ Whelan, David (9 February 2011), "AOL-Huffington on health: Does Tim Armstrong think vaccines cause Autism?", Forbes.com, https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidwhelan/2011/02/09/aol-huffington-on-health-does-tim-armstrong-think-vaccines-cause-autism, retrieved 26 June 2013. 
  60. ↑ Pho, Kevin (15 October 2009), "Two nurses face jail time for reporting a doctor to the Texas Medical Board", KevinMD.com (MedPage Today), http://www.kevinmd.com/blog/2009/10/nurses-face-jail-time-reporting-doctor-texas-medical-board.html, retrieved 25 June 2013. 
  61. ↑ Brayton, Ed (host) (14 August 2012). "Dr. David Gorski and Mike Farrell". Culture Wars Radio (podcast). WPRR, Public Reality Radio. Archived from the original on 13 November 2012. Retrieved 16 June 2013.
  62. ↑ Gorski, David (2012-10-22). "The American Medical Student Association: On "integrating" quackery with science-based medicine" (in en-US). https://sciencebasedmedicine.org/the-american-medical-student-association-a-corrosive-force/. 
  63. ↑ Gorski, David H.; Novella, Steven P. (Sep 2014). "Clinical trials of integrative medicine: testing whether magic works?". Trends in Molecular Medicine 20 (9): 473–6. doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2014.06.007. PMID 25150944. 
  64. ↑ Mudur, GS (20 August 2014). "US doctors spark homeopathy row". The Telegraph. http://www.telegraphindia.com/1140821/jsp/nation/story_18743298.jsp#.U_d9XrxdXN4. 
  65. ↑ Gorski, David H. (October 2014). "Integrative oncology: really the best of both worlds?" (in en). Nature Reviews Cancer 14 (10): 692–700. doi:10.1038/nrc3822. ISSN 1474-1768. PMID 25230880. https://www.nature.com/articles/nrc3822. 
  66. ↑ Greenlee, Heather; Zick, Suzanna M.; Rosenthal, David; Cohen, Lorenzo; Cassileth, Barrie; Tripathy, Debu (March 2015). "Integrative oncology — strong science is needed for better patient care" (in en). Nature Reviews Cancer 15 (3): 165. doi:10.1038/nrc3822-c1. ISSN 1474-1768. PMID 25693833. https://www.nature.com/articles/nrc3822-c1. 
  67. ↑ Bigliardi, Stefano (2019). "The Advocates of Pseudoscience Are Not Monsters – but Pseudoscience Is". Skeptical Inquirer (Center for Inquiry) 43 (6): 58–59. 

External links



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