Biology:PRKAG1

Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Generic protein structure example

5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKAG1 gene.

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a regulatory subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). AMPK is a heterotrimer consisting of an alpha catalytic subunit, and non-catalytic beta and gamma subunits. AMPK is an important energy-sensing enzyme that monitors cellular energy status. In response to cellular metabolic stresses, AMPK is activated, and thus phosphorylates and inactivates acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) and beta-hydroxy beta-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), key enzymes involved in regulating de novo biosynthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol. This subunit is one of the gamma regulatory subunits of AMPK. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been observed.

Interactions

PRKAG1 has been shown to interact with PRKAB2 and PRKAB1.

Further reading

• "HIV inhibits the early steps of lymphocyte activation, including initiation of inositol phospholipid metabolism". Journal of Immunology 145 (11): 3699–705. December 1990. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.145.11.3699. PMID 1978848. 
• "Molecular cloning of a tissue-specific protein kinase (C gamma) from human testis--representing a third isoform for the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase". Molecular Endocrinology 4 (3): 465–75. March 1990. doi:10.1210/mend-4-3-465. PMID 2342480. 
• "Human immunodeficiency virus proteins induce the inhibitory cAMP/protein kinase A pathway in normal lymphocytes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 90 (14): 6676–80. July 1993. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.14.6676. PMID 7688126. Bibcode: 1993PNAS...90.6676H. 
• "HIV Gag p17 protein impairs proliferation of normal lymphocytes in vitro". AIDS 8 (7): 1016–7. July 1994. doi:10.1097/00002030-199407000-00025. PMID 7946090. 
• "Characterization of AMP-activated protein kinase beta and gamma subunits. Assembly of the heterotrimeric complex in vitro". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 271 (17): 10282–90. April 1996. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.48.30517. PMID 8626596. 
• "Regulation of 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase activity by the noncatalytic beta and gamma subunits". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 271 (30): 17798–803. July 1996. doi:10.1074/jbc.271.30.17798. PMID 8663446. 
• "Normalization and subtraction: two approaches to facilitate gene discovery". Genome Research 6 (9): 791–806. September 1996. doi:10.1101/gr.6.9.791. PMID 8889548. 
• "The Nef protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhances serine phosphorylation of the viral matrix". Journal of Virology 71 (6): 4372–7. June 1997. doi:10.1128/JVI.71.6.4372-4377.1997. PMID 9151826. 
• "AMP-activated protein kinase isoenzyme family: subunit structure and chromosomal location". FEBS Letters 409 (3): 452–6. June 1997. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(97)00569-3. PMID 9224708. 
• "The Tat protein of HIV-1 induces tumor necrosis factor-alpha production. Implications for HIV-1-associated neurological diseases". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 272 (36): 22385–8. September 1997. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.36.22385. PMID 9278385. 
• "The gene encoding the C gamma catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase is a transcribed retroposon". Genomics 49 (2): 290–7. April 1998. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5240. PMID 9598317. 
• "Human immunodeficiency virus Tat protein induces interleukin 6 mRNA expression in human brain endothelial cells via protein kinase C- and cAMP-dependent protein kinase pathways". AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses 14 (10): 825–33. July 1998. doi:10.1089/aid.1998.14.825. PMID 9671211. 
• "HIV-1 tat molecular diversity and induction of TNF-alpha: implications for HIV-induced neurological disease". Neuroimmunomodulation 5 (3–4): 184–92. 1998. doi:10.1159/000026336. PMID 9730685. 
• "Characterization of AMP-activated protein kinase gamma-subunit isoforms and their role in AMP binding". The Biochemical Journal 346 Pt 3 (3): 659–69. March 2000. doi:10.1042/0264-6021:3460659. PMID 10698692. 
• "An activating mutation in the gamma1 subunit of the AMP-activated protein kinase". FEBS Letters 500 (3): 163–8. July 2001. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(01)02602-3. PMID 11445078. 
• "AMP-kinase regulates food intake by responding to hormonal and nutrient signals in the hypothalamus". Nature 428 (6982): 569–74. April 2004. doi:10.1038/nature02440. PMID 15058305. Bibcode: 2004Natur.428..569M. 

External links

• PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1 (PRKAG1)