Biology:Apertochrysa

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Short description: Genus of lacewings

Apertochrysa
Dichochrysa sp. larva (4485143971).jpg
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Neuroptera
Family: Chrysopidae
Subfamily: Chrysopinae
Tribe: Chrysopini
Genus: Apertochrysa
Tjeder, 1966
Diversity
183 described species
Synonyms[1][2]
  • Navasius Yang & Yang, 1990
  • Dichochrysa Yang, 1991
  • Pseudomallada Tsukaguchi, 1995

Apertochrysa is a genus of green lacewings in the family Chrysopidae. There are 183 described species in the genus.[2]

Taxonomy

This genus was originally described in 1990 by Xing-ke Yang and Chi-kun Yang under the name of Navasius. The name was a junior homonym of Navasius Esben-Petersen, 1936, a species of antlion, so a replacement name of Dichochrysa was proposed by Yang in 1991.[3] However, a ruling by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature instead maintained priority of the name Pseudomallada Tsukaguchi, 1995, thereby renaming the species previously described under the name of Dichochrysa.[1] Further taxonomic work in 2021 by Breitkreuz, Duelli, and Oswald synonymized those genera under Apertochrysa Tjeder, 1966.[2]

Distribution

Apertochrysa is a subcosmopolitan genus.[2] The majority[clarification needed] of species are known from the Palearctic region, particularly from the continents of Asia and Africa.[4]

Species

The following 183 species are currently classified under Apertochrysa:[2]

  • A. abdominalis (Brauer, 1856)
  • A. aegyptiaca (Navás, 1915)
  • A. afghanica (Hölzel, 1973)
  • A. alarconi (Navás, 1915)
  • A. albofrontata (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
  • A. alcestes (Banks, 1911)
  • A. alliumolens (Hölzel et al., 1997)
  • A. allochroma (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
  • A. alviolata (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
  • A. amseli (Hölzel, 1980)
  • A. ancistroidea (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
  • A. angustivittata (Dong et al., 2004)
  • A. anomala (Tillyard, 1917)
  • A. arabica (Hölzel, 1995)
  • A. arcuata (Dong et al., 2004)
  • A. ariadne (Hölzel, 1978)
  • A. aromatica (C.-k. Yang & X.-k. Yang, 1989)
  • A. aspersa (Wesmael, 1841)
  • A. astur (Banks, 1937)
  • A. atrosparsa (Tjeder, 1966)
  • A. australis (New, 1980)
  • A. barkamana (C.-k. Yang et al., 1992)
  • A. baronissa (Navás, 1921)
  • A. basuto (Tjeder, 1966)
  • A. benedictae (Séméria, 1976)
  • A. bibens (Hölzel et al., 1997)
  • A. birungana (Navás, 1924)
  • A. brachychela (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
  • A. budongensis (Hölzel, 2001)
  • A. caffer (Tjeder, 1966)
  • A. carinata (Dong et al., 2004)
  • A. chailensis (Ghosh, 1977)
  • A. chaoi (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
  • A. chlorella (Navás, 1914)
  • A. chloris (Schneider, 1851)
  • A. choui (C.-k. Yang & X.-k. Yang, 1989)
  • A. clathrata (Schneider, 1845)
  • A. cognatella (Okamoto, 1914)
  • A. collartina (Navás, 1932)
  • A. congolana (Navás, 1911)
  • A. cordata (X.-x. Wang & C.-k. Yang, 1992)
  • A. cyprina (Navás, 1932)
  • A. decaryna (Navás, 1924)
  • A. decolor (Navás, 1914)
  • A. decolor (Navás, 1936) (unreplaced junior homonym)
  • A. deqenana (C.-k. Yang et al., 1992)
  • A. derbendica (Hölzel, 1967)
  • A. deserta (Navás, 1912)
  • A. diaphana (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
  • A. dubia (Hölzel 1973)
  • A. duplicata (Navás, 1934)
  • A. edwardsi (Banks, 1940)
  • A. epunctata (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
  • A. eremita (Kimmins, 1955)
  • A. estriata (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
  • A. eumorpha (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
  • A. eurydera (Navás, 1910)
  • A. fanjingana (C.-k. Yang & X.-x. Wang, 1988)
  • A. flammefrontata (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
  • A. flavifrons (Brauer, 1851)
  • A. flavinotala (Dong et al., 2004)
  • A. flexuosa (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
  • A. forcipata (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1993)
  • A. formosana (Matsumura, 1910)
  • A. fortunata (McLachlan, 1882)
  • A. fuscineura (C.-k. Yang et al., 1992)
  • A. genei (Rambur, 1842)
  • A. gradata (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1993)
  • A. granadensis (Pictet, 1865)
  • A. gravesi (Navás, 1926)
  • A. gunvorae (Tjeder, 1966)
  • A. hadimensis (Canbulat & Kiyak, 2005)
  • A. hainana (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
  • A. hamata (Tjeder, 1966)
  • A. handschini (Navás, 1929)
  • A. healdi (Navás, 1926)
  • A. hespera (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
  • A. heudei (Navás, 1934)
  • A. hospitalis (Hölzel & Ohm, 1995)
  • A. huashanensis (C.-k. Yang & X.-k. Yang, 1989)
  • A. hubeiana (C.-k. Yang & X.-x. Wang, 1990)
  • A. iberica (Navás, 1903)
  • A. ifranina (Navás, 1936)
  • A. ignea (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
  • A. illota (Navás, 1908)
  • A. incongrua (Fraser, 1951)
  • A. incrassata (Tjeder, 1966)
  • A. ingae (Tjeder, 1966)
  • A. iniqua (Navás, 1931)
  • A. inopinata (Hölzel & Ohm, 1995)
  • A. inornata (Navás, 1901)
  • A. irrorella (Navás, 1936)
  • A. jiuzhaigouana (X.-k. Yang & X.-x. Wang in X.-k. Yang et al., 2005)
  • A. joannisi (Navás, 1910)
  • A. karooensis (Hölzel, 1993)
  • A. kiangsuensis (Navás, 1934)
  • A. kibonotoensis (van der Weele, 1910)
  • A. kinnaurensis (Gosh, 1977)
  • A. leai (Tillyard, 1917)
  • A. lii (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
  • A. longwangshana (X.-k. Yang, 1998)
  • A. lophophora (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
  • A. luaboensis (Tjeder, 1966)
  • A. luctuosa (Banks, 1911)
  • A. macleodi (Adams and Garland, 1983)
  • A. maghrebina (Hölzel & Ohm, 1984)
  • A. makrana (Hölzel, 1966)
  • A. mangkangensis (Dong et al., 2004)
  • A. marchionissa (Navás, 1915)
  • A. mauriciana (Hölzel & Ohm, 1991)
  • A. mediata (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1993)
  • A. medogana (C.-k. Yang et al. in Huang et al., 1988)
  • A. melanopis (Navás, 1914)
  • A. militaris (Hölzel & Ohm, 2000)
  • A. mira (Hölzel, 1973)
  • A. namibensis (Hölzel, 1993)
  • A. nautarum (Tillyard, 1917)
  • A. nicolaina (Navás, 1929)
  • A. nigra (McLachlan, 1869)
  • A. nigricornuta (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
  • A. norfolkensis (Tillyard, 1917)
  • A. nubilata (Navás, 1910)
  • A. nyassalandica (Navás, 1914)
  • A. oralis (Navás, 1914)
  • A. parabola (Okamoto, 1919)
  • A. perfecta (Banks, 1895)
  • A. perpallida (Tjeder, 1966)
  • A. pervenosa (Tjeder, 1966)
  • A. phantosula (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
  • A. phlebia (Navas, 1927)
  • A. physophlebia (Navas, 1914)
  • A. picteti (McLachlan, 1880)
  • A. pieli (Navás, 1931)
  • A. pilinota (Dong et al., 2004)
  • A. prasina (Burmeister, 1839)
  • A. pulchrina (Tjeder, 1966)
  • A. puncticollis (Banks, 1940)
  • A. punctilabris (McLachlan, 1894)
  • A. punctithorax (New, 1980)
  • A. qingchengshana (C.-k. Yang et al., 1992)
  • A. qinlingensis (C.-k. Yang & X.-k. Yang, 1989)
  • A. raedarii (Hölzel & Ohm, 2000)
  • A. rothschildi (Navás, 1915)
  • A. rubicunda (Hölzel, 1993)
  • A. rubra (Hölzel et al., 1994)
  • A. sana (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
  • A. sansibarica (Kolbe, 1897)
  • A. selenia (Navás, 1912)
  • A. sensitiva (Tjeder, 1940)
  • A. setosa (Hölzel & Ohm, 1995)
  • A. sierra (Banks, 1924)
  • A. spadix (Hölzel, 1988)
  • A. spissinervis (Tjeder, 1966)
  • A. subcostalis (McLachlan, 1882)
  • A. subcubitalis (Navás, 1901)
  • A. subflavifrons (Tjeder, 1949)
  • A. sybaritica (McLachlan in Fedchenko, 1875)
  • A. tacta (Navás, 1921)
  • A. teiresias (Hölzel & Ohm, 1982)
  • A. triactinata (New, 1980)
  • A. triangularis (Adams, 1978)
  • A. triangularis (C.-k. Yang & X.-x. Wang, 1994) (unreplaced junior homonym)
  • A. tridentata (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
  • A. truncatata (X.-k. Yang et al. in X.-k. Yang et al., 2005)
  • A. umbrosa (Navás, 1914)
  • A. ussuriensis (Makarkin, 1985)
  • A. varians (Kimmins, 1959)
  • A. venosa (Rambur, 1838)
  • A. venosella (Esben-Petersen, 1920)
  • A. ventralis (Curtis, 1834)
  • A. venusta (Hölzel, 1974)
  • A. verna (C.-k. Yang & X.-k. Yang, 1989)
  • A. viridifrons (Hölzel & Ohm, 1999)
  • A. vitticlypea (C.-k. Yang & X.-x. Wang, 1990)
  • A. waitei (Tillyard, 1917)
  • A. wangi (C.-k. Yang et al., 1992)
  • A. wuchangana (C.-k. Yang & X.-x. Wang, 1990)
  • A. xiamenana (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
  • A. yangi (X.-k. Yang & X.-x. Wang in X.-k. Yang et al., 2005)
  • A. yunnana (C.-k. Yang & X.-x. Wang, 1994)
  • A. yuxianensis (Bian & Li, 1992)
  • A. zelleri (Schneider, 1851)
  • A. zulu (Tjeder, 1966)


References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Opinion 2254 (Case 3399) Dichochrysa Yang, 1991 (Insecta, Neuroptera): generic name not conserved". The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 67 (3): 261–262. 2010. doi:10.21805/bzn.v67i3.a4. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Breitkreuz, Laura; Duelli, Peter; Oswald, John D. (2021). "Apertochrysa Tjeder, 1966, a new senior synonym of Pseudomallada Tsukaguchi, 1995 (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Chrysopinae: Chrysopini)". Zootaxa 4966 (2): 215–225. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4966.2.8. PMID 34186621. 
  3. ↑ Xingke, Yang (1994). "The revision on species of genus Dichochrysa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) from China". Entomotaxonomia 17 (Suppl): 26–34. https://europepmc.org/article/cba/283659. Retrieved 28 August 2020. 
  4. ↑ Kang-zhen, Dong; Li Wen-zhu; Cui Jun-zhi; Yang Xing-ke (2004). "Three new species of Dichochrysa (Insecta: Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) from China, with a checkist of Chinese Dichochrysa". The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 52 (1): 67–74. http://rmbr.nus.edu.sg/rbz/biblio/52/52rbz067-074.pdf. Retrieved 28 August 2020. 

Further reading

External links

Wikidata ☰ Q29591880 entry



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