Biology:Carboxylesterase 2
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Short description: Enzyme hydrolysing long-chain fatty esters
 Generic protein structure example |
Carboxylesterase 2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the CES2 gene.[1][2][3] It is a member of the alpha/beta fold hydrolase family.[4]
Carboxylesterase 2 is a member of a large multigene family. The enzymes encoded by these genes are responsible for the hydrolysis of ester- and amide-bond-containing drugs such as cocaine and heroin. They also hydrolyze long-chain fatty acid esters and thioesters. The specific function of this enzyme has not yet been determined; however, it is speculated that carboxylesterases may play a role in lipid metabolism and/or the blood–brain barrier system. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been found for this gene.[3]
Interactive pathway map
Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles.[§ 1]
Fluorouracil (5-FU) Activity edit
- ↑ The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "FluoropyrimidineActivity_WP1601". http://www.wikipathways.org/index.php/Pathway:WP1601.
Click on genes, proteins and metabolites below to link to respective articles. [§ 1]
Irinotecan Pathway edit
- ↑ The interactive pathway map can be edited at WikiPathways: "IrinotecanPathway_WP46359". http://www.wikipathways.org/index.php/Pathway:WP46359.
References
- ↑ "Purification and cloning of a broad substrate specificity human liver carboxylesterase that catalyzes the hydrolysis of cocaine and heroin". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 272 (23): 14769–14775. June 1997. doi:10.1074/jbc.272.23.14769. PMID 9169443.
- ↑ "Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel putative carboxylesterase, present in human intestine and liver". Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 233 (1): 117–120. April 1997. doi:10.1006/bbrc.1997.6413. PMID 9144407.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Entrez Gene: CES2 carboxylesterase 2 (intestine, liver)". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=8824.
- ↑ "Human carboxylesterase isozymes: catalytic properties and rational drug design". Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics 21 (3): 173–185. June 2006. doi:10.2133/dmpk.21.173. PMID 16858120.
Further reading
- "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene 138 (1–2): 171–174. January 1994. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298.
- "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene 200 (1–2): 149–156. October 1997. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149.
- "Human carboxylesterases in term placentae: enzymatic characterization, molecular cloning and evidence for the existence of multiple forms". Placenta 20 (7): 599–607. September 1999. doi:10.1053/plac.1999.0407. PMID 10452915.
- "DNA cloning using in vitro site-specific recombination". Genome Research 10 (11): 1788–1795. November 2000. doi:10.1101/gr.143000. PMID 11076863.
- "Toward a catalog of human genes and proteins: sequencing and analysis of 500 novel complete protein coding human cDNAs". Genome Research 11 (3): 422–435. March 2001. doi:10.1101/gr.GR1547R. PMID 11230166.
- "A missense mutation (R565W) in cirhin (FLJ14728) in North American Indian childhood cirrhosis". American Journal of Human Genetics 71 (6): 1443–1449. December 2002. doi:10.1086/344580. PMID 12417987.
- "Catalog of 680 variations among eight cytochrome p450 ( CYP) genes, nine esterase genes, and two other genes in the Japanese population". Journal of Human Genetics 48 (5): 249–270. 2003. doi:10.1007/s10038-003-0021-7. PMID 12721789.
- "Characterization of multiple promoters in the human carboxylesterase 2 gene". Pharmacogenetics 13 (7): 425–435. July 2003. doi:10.1097/00008571-200307000-00008. PMID 12835618.
- "Pharmacogenomic assessment of carboxylesterases 1 and 2". Genomics 84 (4): 661–668. October 2004. doi:10.1016/j.ygeno.2004.07.008. PMID 15475243.
- "Determination and analysis of single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotype structure of the human carboxylesterase 2 gene". Pharmacogenetics 14 (9): 595–605. September 2004. doi:10.1097/00008571-200409000-00004. PMID 15475733.
- "From ORFeome to biology: a functional genomics pipeline". Genome Research 14 (10B): 2136–2144. October 2004. doi:10.1101/gr.2576704. PMID 15489336.
- "Pharmacogenetics of human carboxylesterase 2, an enzyme involved in the activation of irinotecan into SN-38". Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics 76 (6): 528–535. December 2004. doi:10.1016/j.clpt.2004.08.007. PMID 15592324.
- "Twelve novel single nucleotide polymorphisms in the CES2 gene encoding human carboxylesterase 2 (hCE-2)". Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics 18 (5): 327–332. 2005. doi:10.2133/dmpk.18.327. PMID 15618752.
- "Altered expression of TFF-1 and CES-2 in Barrett's Esophagus and associated adenocarcinomas". Neoplasia 7 (4): 407–416. April 2005. doi:10.1593/neo.04715. PMID 15967118.
- "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Research 16 (1): 55–65. January 2006. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMID 16344560.
- "Human carboxylesterases: a comprehensive review". Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 8 (5): 699–712. September 2018. doi:10.1016/j.apsb.2018.05.005. PMID 30245959.
- "Tissue expression of CES2 - Summary - The Human Protein Atlas". https://www.proteinatlas.org/ENSG00000172831-CES2/tissue.
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