Biology:Dipteridaceae

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The Dipteridaceae is a family of ferns in the order Gleicheniales of the class Polypodiopsida.[1] They are commonly known as umbrella ferns and contain two genera, Cheiropleuria and Dipteris,[2] with a total of nine species confined to Asia, New Guinea and northern Australia[3] While currently a small family, they were much more abundant in the Mesozoic era, with the oldest fossils being known from the Middle Triassic of Italy, Australia and Argentina. A number of fossil genera are recognised, including Hausmannia, Clathropteris, Dictyophyllum, Sewardalea, Thaumatopteris, Camptopteris, Patagoniapteris, Goeppertella, and Polyphacelus.[4][5]

The following diagram shows the placement of Dipteridaceae in a likely phylogenic relationship with the other two families of Gleicheniales.[6]

Gleicheniales
Gleicheniaceae

6 genera

Matoniaceae

2 genera

Dipteridaceae

Cheiropleuria – about 3 species

Dipteris – about 7 species

References

  1. Alan R. Smith; Kathleen M. Pryer; Eric Schuettpelz; Petra Korall; Harald Schneider; Paul G. Wolf (2006). "A classification for extant ferns". Taxon 55 (3): 705–731. doi:10.2307/25065646. Bibcode2006Taxon..55..705S. http://www.pryerlab.net/publication/fichier749.pdf. 
  2. Maarten J. M. Christenhusz; Xian-Chun Zhang; Harald Schneider (2011). "A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns". Phytotaxa 19: 7–54. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.2. Bibcode2011Phytx..19....7C. http://www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/content/2011/f/pt00019p054.pdf. 
  3. Christenhusz, M. J. M.; Byng, J. W. (2016). "The number of known plants species in the world and its annual increase". Phytotaxa (Magnolia Press) 261 (3): 201–217. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.261.3.1. Bibcode2016Phytx.261..201C. http://biotaxa.org/Phytotaxa/article/download/phytotaxa.261.3.1/20598. 
  4. Bodnar, Josefina; Drovandi, Juan; Morel, Eduardo; Ganuza, Daniel (2018). "Middle Triassic dipterid ferns from west-central Argentina and their relation to palaeoclimatic changes". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 63. doi:10.4202/app.00459.2018. http://www.app.pan.pl/article/item/app004592018.html. 
  5. Choo, Thereis Y. S.; Escapa, Ignacio H. (August 2018). "Assessing the evolutionary history of the fern family Dipteridaceae (Gleicheniales) by incorporating both extant and extinct members in a combined phylogenetic study" (in en). American Journal of Botany 105 (8): 1315–1328. doi:10.1002/ajb2.1121. ISSN 0002-9122. https://bsapubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ajb2.1121. 
  6. Samuli Lehtonen (2011). "Towards Resolving the Complete Fern Tree of Life". PLOS ONE 6 (10). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0024851. PMID 22022365. Bibcode2011PLoSO...624851L. 

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