Biology:Cytotoxic necrotising factor family

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CNF1
PDB 1hzg EBI.jpg
crystal structure of the inactive c866s mutant of the catalytic domain of e. coli cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1
Identifiers
SymbolCNF1
PfamPF05785
InterProIPR008430
SCOP21hzg / SCOPe / SUPFAM

In molecular biology, the cytotoxic necrotising factor family of proteins includes bacterial cytotoxic necrotising factor proteins and the related dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) from Bordetella species. Cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1) is a toxin whose structure from Escherichia coli revealed a 4-layer alpha/beta/beta/alpha structure containing mixed beta-sheets.[1] CNF1 is expressed in strains of E. coli causing uropathogenic and neonatal meningitis. CNF1 alters host cell actin cytoskeleton and promotes bacterial invasion of the blood–brain barrier endothelial cells.[2] CNF1 belongs to a unique group of large cytotoxins that cause constitutive activation of Rho guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases), which are key regulators of the actin cytoskeleton .

Bordetella dermonecrotic toxin (DNT) stimulates the assembly of actin stress fibres and focal adhesions by deamidating or polyaminating Gln63 of the small GTPase Rho. DNT is an A-B toxin composed of an N-terminal receptor-binding (B) domain and a C-terminal enzymatically active (A) domain.[3]

References

  1. "Structure of the Rho-activating domain of Escherichia coli cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1". Nat. Struct. Biol. 8 (7): 584–8. July 2001. doi:10.1038/89610. PMID 11427886. 
  2. Wang, Ming-Hsien; Kim, Kwang (2013). "Cytotoxic Necrotizing Factor 1 Contributes to Escherichia coli Meningitis". Toxins 5 (11): 2270–2280. doi:10.3390/toxins5112270. ISSN 2072-6651. PMID 24284829. 
  3. "Identification of a receptor-binding domain of Bordetella dermonecrotic toxin". Infect. Immun. 70 (7): 3427–32. July 2002. doi:10.1128/iai.70.7.3427-3432.2002. PMID 12065482. 
This article incorporates text from the public domain Pfam and InterPro: IPR008430