Biology:Heliconius heurippa
| Heliconius heurippa | |
|---|---|
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| From Museum für Naturkunde | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Class: | Insecta |
| Order: | Lepidoptera |
| Family: | Nymphalidae |
| Genus: | Heliconius |
| Species: | H. heurippa
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| Binomial name | |
| Heliconius heurippa (Hewitson, 1854[1])
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Heliconius heurippa is a butterfly of the genus Heliconius that is believed by some scientists to be a separate species from—but a hybrid of—the species Heliconius cydno and Heliconius melpomene, making H. heurippa an example of hybrid speciation.[2][3]
Range
H. heurippa is found on the eastern slopes of the Andes Mountains in Colombia.[1]
Hybridisation
The color pattern of H. heurippa appears to be a combination of the patterns found on H. cydno and H. melpomene. Natural hybrids from San Cristóbal, Táchira, Venezuela, display wing patterns very similar to H. heurippa, supporting the hypothesis of a hybrid origin for the species.[4]
A team from the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute in Panama attempted to recreate H. heurippa by breeding H. cydno with H. melpomene.[5] In only three generations of hybridization, the investigators developed butterflies with wing patterns almost identical to those of H. heurippa[6][7] that may be very similar to the first H. heurippa individuals.[7]
Butterflies within Heliconius are "extremely choosey" about finding mates with wing patterns that match their own,[8] and H. heurippa males given a choice between mating with females of H. heurippa, H. cydno, or H. melpomene species were 75 to 90 percent more likely to choose their own kind.[5] They were similarly discriminating when presented with photographs of wing patterns instead of actual mates.[7] The wing patterns of H. heurippa individuals also make them undesirable as mates for members of their parents' species as well,[8] showing evidence for reproductive isolation between H. heurippa and its putative parental species.[7]
Skeptics wish to see further genetic sequencing demonstrating that wild H. heurippa is a hybrid similar to the laboratory-developed animals,[5] and the H. heurippa hybrid speciation hypothesis has been the subject of a recent (2011) critical review.[9] There is evidence to suggest that the genome of H. heurippa may be a mosaic.[10]
The species H. timareta and H. pachinus[10] are also proposed to result from the hybridization of H. cydno and H. melpomene.[8]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Tree of Life Project: Heliconius heurippa". http://www.tolweb.org/Heliconius_heurippa/72255. Retrieved 2008-02-27.
- ↑ "Hybrid incompatibility is consistent with a hybrid origin of Heliconius heurippa Hewitson from its close relatives, Heliconius cydno Doubleday and Heliconius melpomene Linnaeus". J. Evol. Biol. 18 (2): 247–56. 2005. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2004.00839.x. PMID 15715831.
- ↑ "Natural hybridization in heliconiine butterflies: the species boundary as a continuum". BMC Evol. Biol. 7: 28. 2007. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-7-28. PMID 17319954.
- ↑ "Two species become one in the lab | Two species become one in the lab". BBC News. 2006-06-14. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/5080298.stm. Retrieved 2008-02-27.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 "Putting One and One Together". http://sciencenow.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/2006/614/2. Retrieved 2008-02-27.
- ↑ "Speciation by hybridization in Heliconius butterflies". Nature 441 (7095): 868–71. 2006. doi:10.1038/nature04738. PMID 16778888.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 "Hybrids: When two species become three - life - 15 June 2006 - New Scientist". https://www.newscientist.com/channel/life/mg19025564.200-hybrids-when-two-species-become-three.html. Retrieved 2008-02-27.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 "Butterfly Speciation Event Recreated". https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/06/060616135623.htm. Retrieved 2008-02-27.
- ↑ Brower AVZ (2011). "Hybrid speciation in Heliconius butterflies? A review and critique of the evidence". Genetica 139 (2): 589–609. doi:10.1007/s10709-010-9530-4. PMID 21113790.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 "No genomic mosaicism in a putative hybrid butterfly species". Proc. Biol. Sci. 274 (1615): 1255–64. 2007. doi:10.1098/rspb.2006.0207. PMID 17374598.
Wikidata ☰ Q3129732 entry
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