Biology:Heteroneura
From HandWiki
Heteroneura is a clade in the insect order Lepidoptera that comprises over 99% of all butterflies and moths.[1] Its monophyly has been strongly supported by molecular evidence.[2] Heteroneura is the sister group to the infraorder Exoporia (swift moths and their relatives),[3] and is characterised by wing venation which is not similar— i.e., homoneurous—[4] in both pairs of wings.
Though early patterns of divergence within the Heteroneura have not yet been ascertained with much confidence,[5][2] the leaf-mining Nepticuloidea appear to be the sister group to all other members of the clade. Species in this subgroup include some of the smallest lepidopterans identified.[6]
References
- ↑ Niels P. Kristensen (1999). Handbuch der Zoologie : eine Naturgeschichte der Stämme des Tierreiches. Bd. 4, Arthropoda : Hälfte 2, Insecta : Teilbd. 35, Lepidoptera, moths and butterflies : Vol. 1. Evolution, systematics, and biogeography. Walter de Gruyter. p. 65. ISBN 978-3-11-015704-8. https://books.google.com/books?id=B9rdQ1gHuAAC&pg=PA65.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Mitter, Charles; Davis, Donald R.; Cummings, Michael P. (2017-01-31). "Phylogeny and Evolution of Lepidoptera" (in en). Annual Review of Entomology 62 (1): 265–283. doi:10.1146/annurev-ento-031616-035125. ISSN 0066-4170. https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/10.1146/annurev-ento-031616-035125.
- ↑ Niels Kristensen (1 January 2003). Vol 2: Morphology, Physiology, and Development. Walter de Gruyter. p. 88. ISBN 978-3-11-089372-4. https://books.google.com/books?id=8fMgAAAAQBAJ&pg=PA88.
- ↑ "Homoneurous - Wiktionary". https://en.m.wiktionary.org/wiki/homoneurous.
- ↑ "Variety of Life". http://taxondiversity.fieldofscience.com/2013/05/heteroneura.html?m=1.
- ↑ Grimaldi, David (2005). Evolution of the Insects. New York: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-82149-0.[page needed]
Data related to Heteroneura at Wikispecies
Wikidata ☰ Q132355 entry
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