Biology:Marlin

From HandWiki
(Redirected from Biology:Istiophoridae)
Short description: Family of fish

Marlin
Atlantic blue marlin.jpg
Atlantic blue marlin (Makaira nigricans)
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Istiophoriformes
Family: Istiophoridae
Rafinesque, 1810
Type genus
Istiophorus
Lacépède, 1801
Genera

Marlins are fish from the family Istiophoridae, which includes about 10 species.

Name

The family's common name is thought to derive from their resemblance to a sailor's marlinspike.[1]

Taxonomy

The family name Istiophoridae comes from the genus Istiophorus which first placed the species Istiophorus platypterus by George Kearsley Shaw in 1792 from the Greek word ἱστίον istion meaning "sail" that describes the shape of the species's dorsal fins.[2]:6

Family description

Marlins have elongated bodies, a spear-like snout or bill, and a long, rigid dorsal fin which extends forward to form a crest.

Marlins are among the fastest marine swimmers. However, greatly exaggerated speeds are often claimed in popular literature, based on unreliable or outdated reports.[3]

The larger species include the Atlantic blue marlin, Makaira nigricans, which can reach 5 m (16 ft) in length and 820 kg (1,810 lb) in weight[4] and the black marlin, Istiompax indica, which can reach in excess of 5 m (16 ft) in length and 670 kg (1,480 lb) in weight. They are popular sporting fish in tropical areas. The Atlantic blue marlin and the white marlin are endangered owing to overfishing.[5]

Classification

The marlins are Istiophoriform fish, most closely related to the swordfish (which itself is the sole member of the family Xiphiidae). The carangiformes are believed to be the second-closest clade to marlins. Although previously thought to be closely related to Scombridae, genetic analysis only shows a slight relationship.

Istiophoriform genera and species
Image Genus Living species Common name
Maind u0 cropped.png
black marlin
Istiompax
(Whitley, 1931)
Istiompax indica black marlin
Sailfish (Duane Raver).png
Atlantic sailfish
Istiophorus
(Lacépède, 1801)
I. albicans Atlantic sailfish
I. platypterus Indo-Pacific sailfish
Blue marlin (Duane Raver).png
Atlantic blue
Makaira
(Lacépède, 1802)
Makaira nigricans
(Lacepède, 1802)
Atlantic blue marlin
Makaira mazara
(Jordan & Snyder, 1901)
Indo-Pacific blue marlin
White marlin (Duane Raver).png
white marlin
Kajikia
(Hirasaka & H. Nakamura, 1947)
Kajikia albida
(Poey, 1860)
white marlin
Kajikia audax
(Philippi (Krumweide), 1887)
striped marlin
Longbill spearfish (Duane Raver).png
longbill
Tetrapturus
(Rafinesque, 1810)
Tetrapturus angustirostris
(S. Tanaka (I), 1915)
shortbill spearfish
Tetrapturus belone
(Rafinesque, 1810)
Mediterranean spearfish
Tetrapturus georgii
(R.T. Lowe, 1841)
roundscale spearfish
Tetrapturus pfluegeri
(C. R. Robins & de Sylva, 1963)
longbill spearfish

Timeline of genera

<timeline> ImageSize = width:1000px height:auto barincrement:15px PlotArea = left:10px bottom:50px top:10px right:10px

Period = from:-65.5 till:10 TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal ScaleMajor = unit:year increment:5 start:-65.5 ScaleMinor = unit:year increment:1 start:-65.5 TimeAxis = orientation:hor AlignBars = justify

Colors =

#legends
 id:CAR   value:claret
 id:ANK   value:rgb(0.4,0.3,0.196)
 id:HER   value:teal
 id:HAD   value:green
 id:OMN   value:blue
 id:black        value:black
 id:white        value:white
 id:cenozoic     value:rgb(0.54,0.54,0.258)
 id:paleogene     value:rgb(0.99,0.6,0.32)
 id:paleocene     value:rgb(0.99,0.65,0.37)
 id:eocene     value:rgb(0.99,0.71,0.42)
 id:oligocene     value:rgb(0.99,0.75,0.48)
 id:neogene     value:rgb(0.999999,0.9,0.1)
 id:miocene     value:rgb(0.999999,0.999999,0)
 id:pliocene     value:rgb(0.97,0.98,0.68)
 id:quaternary   value:rgb(0.98,0.98,0.5)
 id:pleistocene   value:rgb(0.999999,0.95,0.68)
 id:holocene   value:rgb(0.999,0.95,0.88)

BarData=

bar:eratop
bar:space
bar:periodtop
bar:space
bar:NAM1
bar:NAM2
bar:NAM3
bar:NAM4
bar:space
bar:period
bar:space
bar:era

PlotData=

align:center textcolor:black fontsize:M mark:(line,black) width:25
shift:(7,-4)
bar:periodtop
from: -65.5   till:  -55.8    color:paleocene  text:Paleocene
from: -55.8   till:  -33.9    color:eocene  text:Eocene
from: -33.9   till:  -23.03    color:oligocene  text:Oligocene
from: -23.03    till: -5.332    color:miocene    text:Miocene
from: -5.332    till: -2.588    color:pliocene    text:Plio.
from: -2.588    till: -0.0117   color:pleistocene    text:Pleist.
from: -0.0117    till: 0    color:holocene    text:H.
bar:eratop
from: -65.5   till:  -23.03    color:paleogene  text:Paleogene
from: -23.03    till: -2.588    color:neogene    text:Neogene
from: -2.588    till: 0   color:quaternary    text:Q.

PlotData=

align:left fontsize:M mark:(line,white) width:5 anchor:till align:left
color:eocene bar:NAM1  from: -55.8 till: 0 text: Pseudohistiophorus
color:miocene bar:NAM2  from: -23.03 till: 0 text: Tetrapterus
color:miocene bar:NAM3  from: -15.97 till: 0 text: Istiophorus
color:miocene bar:NAM4  from: -11.608 till: 0 text: Makaira

PlotData=

align:center textcolor:black fontsize:M mark:(line,black) width:25
bar:period
from: -65.5   till:  -55.8    color:paleocene  text:Paleocene
from: -55.8   till:  -33.9    color:eocene  text:Eocene
from: -33.9   till:  -23.03    color:oligocene  text:Oligocene
from: -23.03    till: -5.332    color:miocene    text:Miocene
from: -5.332    till: -2.588    color:pliocene    text:Plio.
from: -2.588    till: -0.0117   color:pleistocene    text:Pleist.
from: -0.0117    till: 0    color:holocene    text:H.
bar:era
from: -65.5   till:  -23.03    color:paleogene  text:Paleogene
from: -23.03    till: -2.588    color:neogene    text:Neogene
from: -2.588    till: 0   color:quaternary    text:Q.

</timeline>

Popular culture

A taxidermied marlin greets visitors to Dare County, North Carolina.

In the Nobel Prize-winning author Ernest Hemingway's 1952 novel The Old Man and the Sea, the central character of the work is an aged Cuban fisherman who, after 84 days without success on the water, heads out to sea to break his run of bad luck. On the 85th day, Santiago, the old fisherman, hooks a resolute marlin; what follows is a great struggle between man, sea creature, and the elements.

Frederick Forsyth's story "The Emperor", in the collection No Comebacks, tells of a bank manager named Murgatroyd, who catches a marlin and is acknowledged by the islanders of Mauritius as a master fisherman.

A marlin features prominently in the last chapter and climactic scenes of Christina Stead's The Man Who Loved Children. Sam's friend Saul gives Sam a marlin, and Sam makes his children help him render the fish's fat.

The Miami Marlins, a professional baseball team based in Miami, Florida, is named after the fish.

See also

References

Further reading

External links

  • "Marlin fishing". https://fishingbooker.com/blog/marlin-fishing/. 
  • Melissa Block & John Nielson (radio hosts), Jason Schratwieser (marlin sport fishing expert), Mahmoud Sivji (fish research biologist involved in discovery) (2 March 2007). 'Ghost fish' revelation may alter marlin's status. NPR.org (radio news recording & transcript). All Things Considered. National Public Radio. Retrieved 2023-10-29. — news clip discussing discovery that a look-alike fish has been widely mis-identified as white marlin

Wikidata ☰ Q30961 entry