Biology:MCAT (gene)
 Generic protein structure example |
Malonyl CoA-acyl carrier protein transacylase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MCAT gene.[1][2]
Function
The protein encoded by this gene is found exclusively in the mitochondrion, where it catalyzes the transfer of a malonyl group from malonyl-CoA to the mitochondrial acyl carrier protein. The encoded protein may be part of a fatty acid synthase complex that is more like the type II prokaryotic and plastid complexes rather than the type I human cytosolic complex. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[2]
Clinical significance
The enzyme encoded by the MCAT gene, along with other enzymes that regulate Malonyl-CoA concentration, have been shown to regulate levels such that malonyl-CoA concentration decreases in human muscle tissue when under exercise training. This enzyme specifically has increased activity under these conditions, as it is known to catabolize malonyl-CoA. [3]
Interactions
The human Malonyl CoA-acel carrier protein transacylase in human mitochondria associates with respiratory complex one, such that it interacts functionally with a mitochondrial malonyltransferase. Both species are encoded by nuclear genes, and their translocation into mitochondria is dependent on the presence of an N-terminal targeting sequence.[1]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 "Cloning, expression, characterization, and interaction of two components of a human mitochondrial fatty acid synthase. Malonyltransferase and acyl carrier protein". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 278 (41): 40067–74. Oct 2003. doi:10.1074/jbc.M306121200. PMID 12882974.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Entrez Gene: MCAT malonyl CoA:ACP acyltransferase (mitochondrial)". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=27349.
- ↑ "Exercise training decreases the concentration of malonyl-CoA and increases the expression and activity of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase in human muscle". American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism 290 (6): E1296-303. Jun 2006. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00341.2005. PMID 16434556.
Further reading
- "Identifying leukocyte gene expression patterns associated with plasma lipid levels in human subjects". Atherosclerosis 191 (1): 63–72. Mar 2007. doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2006.05.032. PMID 16806233.
- "Exercise training decreases the concentration of malonyl-CoA and increases the expression and activity of malonyl-CoA decarboxylase in human muscle". American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism 290 (6): E1296–303. Jun 2006. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00341.2005. PMID 16434556.
- "Diversification of transcriptional modulation: large-scale identification and characterization of putative alternative promoters of human genes". Genome Research 16 (1): 55–65. Jan 2006. doi:10.1101/gr.4039406. PMID 16344560.
- "Reevaluating human gene annotation: a second-generation analysis of chromosome 22". Genome Research 13 (1): 27–36. Jan 2003. doi:10.1101/gr.695703. PMID 12529303.
- "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 22". Nature 402 (6761): 489–95. Dec 1999. doi:10.1038/990031. PMID 10591208. Bibcode: 1999Natur.402..489D.
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