Biology:Medusafish
Medusafishes are a family, Centrolophidae, of scombriform ray-finned fishes. The family includes about 31 species. They are found in temperate and tropical waters throughout the world.
Young Icichthys lockingtoni specimens are abundant in the coastal waters of the north Pacific, where they are often found in association with jellyfish, which provide them with protection from predators and opportunities to scavenge the remains of the jellyfishes' meals.
The oldest known fossil member of the group known from articulated remains is Butyrumichthys from the earliest Ypresian of the Fur Formation in Denmark.[1] Slightly older fossil otoliths of the species "Mupus" sinuosus are also known from the Selandian of Denmark;[2] the same or similar species was also reported from the Paleocene Aquia Formation (Maryland, United States).[3]
Genera
The following genera are classified within the family Centrolophidae:[4]
- Centrolophus Lacépède, 1802
- Hyperoglyphe Günther, 1859
- Icichthys Jordan & Gilbert, 1880
- Psenopsis Gill, 1862
- Schedophilus Cocco, 1839
- Seriolella Guichenot, 1848
- Tubbia Whitley, 1943
The following fossil genera are also known:
- †Agarcia Baciu & Bannikov, 2004 (Early Oligocene of Romania)[5]
- †Butyrumichthys Schrøder, Rasmussen, Møller & Carnevale, 2022 (Early Eocene of Denmark)[1]
- †Eogorgon Calzoni, Giusberti & Carnevale, 2025 (Early Eocene of Italy)[6]
- †Petrodavia Baciu & Bannikov, 2004 (Early Oligocene of Romania)[5]
- †Zorzinia Bannikov, 2000 (Early Eocene of Italy)[7]
The placements of Butyrumichthys, Petrodavia, and Agarcia are tentative.[1][5]
Timeline of genera
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References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Schrøder, Ane Elise; Rasmussen, Jan Audun; Møller, Peter Rask; Carnevale, Giorgio (2022-09-30). "Butyrumichthys henricii gen. et sp. nov.: a new stromateiform fish from the lower Eocene Fur Formation, Denmark" (in en). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 42 (3). doi:10.1080/02724634.2023.2171798. ISSN 0272-4634. Bibcode: 2022JVPal..42E1798S. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02724634.2023.2171798.
- ↑ Schwarzhans, Werner (2003-09-08). "Fish otoliths from the Paleocene of Denmark" (in en). GEUS Bulletin 2: 1–96. doi:10.34194/geusb.v2.4696. ISSN 2597-2154. https://geusbulletin.org/index.php/geusb/article/view/4696.
- ↑ Stringer, Gary L.; Grimsley, Gary J.; Fonger, George C.; Carpenter, Jeffrey D. (2026). "Taxonomy, palaeoecology and biostratigraphy of the Palaeocene teleostean otolith assemblages of the Aquia Formation (Selandian Piscataway and Thanetian Paspotansa members), Maryland, USA, including new genera and species". Historical Biology: An International Journal of Paleobiology. doi:10.1080/08912963.2026.2645139.
- ↑ Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2019). "Centrolophidae" in FishBase. December 2019 version.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 Baciu, Dorin Sorin; Bannikov, Alexandre F. (2004). "New stromateoid fishes (Perciformes, Stromateoidei) from the Lower Oligocene of Romania". Journal of Ichthyology 44 (3): 199–207. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/266779274.
- ↑ Calzoni, Pietro; Giusberti, Luca; Carnevale, Giorgio (2025-07-29). "THE YPRESIAN FISHES OF THE SOLTERI LAGERSTÄTTE (TRENTO, NORTHERN ITALY): A GLIMPSE INTO THE EARLY EOCENE TETHYAN MESOPELAGIC ASSEMBLAGES". Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 131 (2). doi:10.54103/2039-4942/28705. ISSN 2039-4942. Bibcode: 2025RIPS..13128705C.
- ↑ "PBDB Taxon". https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=353744&is_real_user=0.
- ↑ Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology 364: 560. http://strata.ummp.lsa.umich.edu/jack/showgenera.php?taxon=611&rank=class. Retrieved 2011-05-19.
Wikidata ☰ Q594091 entry
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