Biology:Mimulus ringens
| Mimulus ringens | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Lamiales |
| Family: | Phrymaceae |
| Genus: | Mimulus |
| Species: | M. ringens
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| Binomial name | |
| Mimulus ringens L.
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| Varieties | |
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Mimulus ringens is a species of monkeyflower known by the common names Allegheny monkeyflower and square-stemmed monkeyflower.
It is native to eastern and central North America and has been introduced to the Pacific Northwest.[1][2] It grows in a wide variety of moist to wet habitat types.[3][4] Seeds are available from commercial suppliers.
This is a rhizomatous perennial[3] growing 20 centimetres (7.9 in) to well over 1 meter (3.3 ft) tall, its 4-angled stem usually erect.[4] The oppositely arranged leaves are lance-shaped to oblong, up to 8 centimetres (3.1 in) long, usually clasping the stem.[4] The sessile leaves of M. ringens help to distinguish it from its eastern relative, Mimulus alatus,[5] which bears leaves on petioles and has a winged stem. The herbage is hairless.[3] The flower is 1–3 inches (2.5–7.6 cm) long,[3] its tubular base encapsulated in a ribbed calyx of sepals with pointed lobes. The flower is lavender, blue, red or pink in color[3] and is divided into an upper lip and a larger, swollen lower lip.[4]
Taxonomy
Mimulus ringens was given its scientific name in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus. It is classified in the family Phrymaceae together with its genus, Mimulus. It has two accepted varieties.[6]
- Mimulus ringens var. colpophilus
This variety is rare, ecologically restricted, and vulnerable. It is known from Quebec, it has been reported in Vermont, and there are a few occurrences in Maine, where it grows only in freshwater sections of tidal estuaries.[7] This variety is distinguished by having shorter calyces than the ringens variety and by its short flower pedicels, 1–1.7 centimetres (0.39–0.67 in) long[7] versus a length of 2–3.5 centimetres (0.79–1.38 in) in the nominate subspecies.[4] This plant variety faces several threats, but its current status is not known due to a lack of data.[7][8][9] - Mimulus ringens var. ringens
The autonymic variety has a widespread native range in eastern North America and has also been introduced to Europe. It also has nine heterotypic synonyms.[10]
| Name | Year | Rank |
|---|---|---|
| Mimulus acutangulus Greene | 1909 | species |
| Mimulus minthodes Greene | 1909 | species |
| Mimulus pallidus Salisb. | 1796 | species |
| Mimulus pteropus Raf. | 1817 | species |
| Mimulus ringens f. albiflorus Moldenke | 1944 | form |
| Mimulus ringens var. congesta Farw. | 1917 | variety |
| Mimulus ringens var. minthodes (Greene) A.L.Grant | 1924 | variety |
| Mimulus ringens f. peckii House | 1923 | form |
| Mimulus ringens f. roseus Fassett | 1943 | form |
References
- ↑ USDA NRCS National Plant Data Team. "Mimulus ringens L.". https://plants.usda.gov/home/plantProfile?symbol=MIRI.
- ↑ Giblin, David. "Mimulus ringens". University of Washington. https://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/imagecollection/taxon.php?Taxon=Mimulus+ringens.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 "Mimulus ringens North Carolina Extension Gardener Plant Toolbox". N.C. State University and N.C. A&T State University. https://plants.ces.ncsu.edu/plants/mimulus-ringens/.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Fraga, Naomi S. (2018). "Mimulus ringens". in Jepson Flora Project. Regents of the University of California. https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=33706.
- ↑ "Mimulus ringens Allegheny Monkey Flower". 2022. https://www.minnesotawildflowers.info/flower/allegheny-monkey-flower.
- ↑ POWO (2026). "Mimulus ringens L." (in en). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/806091-1.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 "CPC National Collection Plant Profile: Mimulus ringens var. colophilus". 4 March 2010. http://centerforplantconservation.org/Collection/CPC_ViewProfile.asp?CPCNum=2856.
- ↑ Department of the Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service (30 September 1993). "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Review of Plant Taxa for Listing as Endangered or Threatened Species". Federal Register 58 (188): 51176. https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/FR-1993-09-30/pdf/FR-1993-09-30.pdf#page=148. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
- ↑ "Allegheny Monkeyflower". https://www.fws.gov/species/allegheny-monkeyflower-mimulus-ringens-var-colpophilus.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 POWO (2026). "Mimulus ringens var. ringens" (in en). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/77225938-1.
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q6862437 entry
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