Biology:Miridae

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Short description: Family of true bugs

Miridae
Eichen-Schmuckwanze Rhabdomiris striatellus 2.jpg
Rhabdomiris striatellus
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Hemiptera
Suborder: Heteroptera
Superfamily: Miroidea
Family: Miridae
Hahn, 1831
Type species
Cimex striatus L.
Subfamilies
  1. Bryocorinae Baerensprung, 1860
  2. Cylapinae Kirkaldy, 1903
  3. Deraeocorinae Douglas & Scott, 1865
  4. Isometopinae Fieber, 1860
  5. Mirinae Hahn, 1833
  6. Orthotylinae Van Duzee, 1916
  7. Phylinae Douglas & Scott, 1865
  8. Psallopinae Schuh, 1976
Synonyms

Capsidae Burmeister, 1835

The Miridae are a large and diverse insect family at one time known by the taxonomic synonym Capsidae.[1] Species in the family may be referred to as capsid bugs or "mirid bugs". Common names include plant bugs, leaf bugs, and grass bugs. It is the largest family of true bugs belonging to the suborder Heteroptera; it includes over 10,000 known species, and new ones are being described constantly. Most widely known mirids are species that are notorious agricultural pests that pierce plant tissues, feed on the sap, and sometimes transmit viral plant diseases. Some species however, are predatory.

Description

A typical mirid species, showing cuneus at the tip of the corium
Wing of a species of Miridae, showing cuneus

Miridae are small, terrestrial insects, usually oval-shaped or elongate and measuring less than 12 millimetres (0.5 in) in length. Many of them have a hunched look, because of the shape of the prothorax, which carries the head bent down. Some are brightly coloured and attractively patterned, others drab or dark, most being inconspicuous. Some genera are ant mimics at certain stages of life. Miridae do not have any ocelli. Their rostrum has four segments. One useful feature in identifying members of the family is the presence of a cuneus; it is the triangular tip of the corium, the firm, sclerotized part of the forewing, the hemelytron. The cuneus is visible in nearly all Miridae, and only in a few other Hemiptera, notably the family Anthocoridae, which are not much like the Miridae in other ways. The tarsi almost always have three segments.[2]

Some mirid species

  • Lygus bugs (Lygus spp.), including the tarnished and western tarnished plant bugs, are serious pests in the cotton, strawberry, and alfalfa industries.
  • Stenotus binotatus, a minor pest of cereal crops, especially wheat
  • Apple dimpling bug (Campylomma liebknechti) damages apple blossoms and small growing fruits.
  • Mosquito bugs Helopeltis and Afropeltis spp. – that infest various crops including tea, cacao and cotton
  • Honeylocust plant bug (Diaphnocoris chlorionis) damages foliage on honeylocust trees.
Creontiades dilutus

Systematics

This family includes a large number of species, many of which are still unknown, distributed in more than 1300 genera. The taxonomic tree includes the following subfamilies and numerous tribes:

File:Globiceps ovipositing - 18-2013-08-10.webm

Psallopinae

Auth.: Schuh, 1976

  1. Isometopsallops Herczek & Popov, 1992
  2. Psallops Usinger, 1946
  3. †Cylapopsallops Popov & Herczek, 2006
  4. †Epigonopsallops Herczek & Popov, 2009

Genera Incertae sedis

BioLib includes:

  1. Amulacoris Carvalho & China, 1959
  2. Anniessa Kirkaldy, 1903
  3. Auchus Distant, 1893
  4. Bahiarmiris Carvalho, 1977
  5. Brasiliocarnus Kerzhner & Schuh, 1995
  6. Carmelinus Carvalho & Gomes, 1972
  7. Carmelus Drake & Harris, 1932
  8. Chaetophylidea Knight, 1968
  9. Charitides Kerzhner, 1962
  10. Colimacoris Schaffner & Carvalho, 1985
  11. Cylapocerus Carvalho & Fontes, 1968
  12. Duckecylapus Carvalho, 1982
  13. Englemania Carvalho, 1985
  14. Eurycipitia Reuter, 1905
  15. Faliscomiris Kerzhner & Schuh, 1998
  16. Fuscus Distant, 1884
  17. Guerrerocoris Carvalho & China, 1959
  18. Gunhadya - monotypic Gunhadya rubrofasciata Distant, 1920
  19. Heterocoris Guérin-Ménéville in Sagra, 1857
  20. Knightocoris Carvalho & China, 1951
  21. Leonomiris Kerzhner & Schuh, 1998
  22. Macrotyloides Van Duzee, 1916
  23. Merinocapsus Knight, 1968
  24. Mircarvalhoia Kerzhner & Schuh, 1998
  25. Montagneria Akingbohungbe, 1978
  26. Muirmiris Carvalho, 1983
  27. Myochroocoris Reuter, 1909
  28. Nesosylphas Kirkaldy, 1908
  29. Notolobus Reuter, 1908
  30. Nymannus Distant, 1904
  31. Paracoriscus Kerzhner & Schuh, 1998
  32. Paraguayna Carvalho, 1986
  33. Prodomopsis TBD
  34. Prodomus TBD
  35. Pseudobryocoris Distant, 1884
  36. Pygophorisca Carvalho & Wallerstein, 1978
  37. Rayeria TBD
  38. Rewafulvia Carvalho, 1972
  39. Rhynacloa Reuter
  40. Rondonisca Carvalho & Costa, 1994
  41. Rondonoides Carvalho & Costa, 1994
  42. Rondonotylus Carvalho & Costa, 1994
  43. Spanogonicus Berg
  44. Sthenaridia TBD
  45. Zoilus Distant, 1884


References

  1. ↑ Henry, T. J. and A. G. Wheeler, Jr., 1988A. Family Miridae Hahn, 1833 (= Capsidae Burmeister, 1835). The plant bugs, pp. 251--507. In: Henry, T. J. and R. C. Froeschner (eds.), Catalog of the Heteroptera, or True Bugs of Canada and the Continental United States. E. J. Brill, Leiden.
  2. ↑ Richards, O. W.; Davies, R.G. (1977). Imms' General Textbook of Entomology: Volume 1: Structure, Physiology and Development Volume 2: Classification and Biology. Berlin: Springer. ISBN 0-412-61390-5. 
  3. ↑ McGregor, Robert R.; Gillespie, David R.; Quiring, Donald M.J.; Foisy, Mitch R.J. (1999). "Potential Use of Dicyphus hesperus Knight (Heteroptera: Miridae) for Biological Control of Pests of Greenhouse Tomatoes". Biological Control 16 (1): 104–110. doi:10.1006/bcon.1999.0743. 
  4. ↑ Junggon, Kim; Hong, Ki Min; Woon, Kee Paek; Sunghoon, Jung (2017). "Two new records of the subfamily Deraeocorinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae) from the Korean Peninsula". Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity 10 (3): 396–398. doi:10.1016/j.japb.2017.05.001. 

Further reading

External links

Wikidata ☰ Q864705 entry



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