Biology:Monarcha
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Short description: Genus of birds
| Monarcha | |
|---|---|
| |
| Black-faced monarch (Monarcha melanopsis) | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Passeriformes |
| Family: | Monarchidae |
| Genus: | Monarcha Vigors & Horsfield, 1827 |
| Type species | |
| Muscipeta carinata[1] Swainson, 1830
| |
| Synonyms | |
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Monarcha is a genus of bird in the family Monarchidae. They are found in Australia and Melanesia.
Taxonomy and systematics
The genus Monarcha was introduced by naturalists Nicholas Vigors and Thomas Horsfield in 1827 with the black-faced monarch (Monarcha melanopsis) as the type species.[2][3] The genus formerly included many more species. Based on the results of a molecular phylogenetic study published in 2005 nineteen species were moved to the resurrected genus Symposiachrus and three to Carterornis.[4][5]
Extant species
The genus Monarcha contains the following nine species:[5]
| Image | Common Name | Scientific name | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|
_(1).JPG) |
Island monarch | Monarcha cinerascens | Sulawesi to the Solomon Islands. |
 |
Black-faced monarch | Monarcha melanopsis | Australia and New Guinea |
 |
Black-winged monarch | Monarcha frater | Australia and New Guinea |
| Bougainville monarch | Monarcha erythrostictus | Solomon Islands. | |
| Chestnut-bellied monarch | Monarcha castaneiventris | Solomon Islands. | |
| White-capped monarch | Monarcha richardsii | Western Province in the Solomon Islands. | |
| Yap monarch | Monarcha godeffroyi | Yap Main Islands, Micronesia. | |
 |
Tinian monarch | Monarcha takatsukasae | Northern Mariana Islands. |
Former species
Formerly, some authorities also considered the following species (or subspecies) as species within the genus Monarcha:
- Black-naped monarch (as Monarcha azurea)[6]
- Rarotonga monarch (as Monarches dimidiatus)[7]
- Marquesan monarch (as Monarcha mendozae)[8]
- Black monarch (as Monarcha axillaris)[9]
- Black-bibbed monarch (as Monarcha mundus)[10]
- Flores monarch (as Monarcha sacerdotum)[11]
- Boano monarch (as Monarcha boanensis)[12]
- Spectacled monarch (as Monarcha trivirgatus)[13]
- Spectacled monarch (Seram) (as Monarcha nigrimentum)[14]
- Spectacled monarch (bernsteinii) (as Monarcha bernsteini)[15]
- Spectacled monarch (melanopterus) (as Monarcha melanoptera)[16]
- Spectacled monarch (albiventris) (as Monarcha albiventris)[17]
- Spectacled monarch (gouldii) (as Monarcha gouldii)[18]
- Kai monarch (as Monarcha leucurus)[19]
- Tanahjampea monarch (as Monarcha everetti)[20]
- Kofiau monarch (as Monarcha julianae)[21]
- Biak monarch (as Monarcha brehmii)[22]
- Manus monarch (as Monarcha infelix)[23]
- Mussau monarch (as Monarcha menckei)[24]
- Black-tailed monarch (as Monarcha verticalis)[25]
- Djaul monarch (as Monarcha ateralba)[26]
- Solomons monarch (as Monarcha barbata)[27]
- Malaita monarch (as Monarcha malaitae)[28]
- Kolombangara monarch (as Monarcha browni or Monarcha kulambangrae)[29]
- Kolombangara monarch (nigrotectus) (as Monarcha nigrotectus)[30]
- White-collared monarch (as Monarcha vidua or Monarcha viduus)[31]
- White-eared monarch (as Monarcha leucotis)[32]
- White-naped monarch (as Monarcha pileatus)[33]
- White-naped monarch (buruensis) (as Monarcha buruensis)[34]
- Tanimbar monarch (as Monarcha castus)[35]
- Golden monarch (as Monarcha chrysomela)[36]
- Golden monarch (aruensis) (as Monarcha aruensis)[37]
- Golden monarch (melanonotus) (as Monarcha melanonotus)[38]
- Golden monarch (kordensis) (as Monarcha kordensis)[39]
- Ochre-collared monarch (as Monarcha insularis)[40]
- Shining flycatcher (as Monarcha alecto)[41]
- Velvet flycatcher (as Monarcha hebetior)[42]
References
- ↑ "Monarchidae". The Trust for Avian Systematics. https://www.aviansystematics.org/4th-edition-checklist?viewfamilies=150.
- ↑ Vigors, Nicholas Aylward; Horsfield, Thomas (1827). "Australian birds in the collection of the Linnean Society; with an attempt at arranging them according to their natural affinities" (in English, Latin). Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 15 (1): 170–334 [254–255]. doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.1826.tb00115.x. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/778503. The title page is dated 1826.
- ↑ Mayr, Ernst; Cottrell, G. William, eds (1986). Check-list of Birds of the World. 11. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Museum of Comparative Zoology. p. 500. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/14484201.
- ↑ Filardi, C.E.; Smith, C.E. (2005). "Molecular phylogenetics of monarch flycatchers (genus Monarcha) with emphasis on Solomon Island endemics". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 37 (3): 776–788. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.02.007. PMID 16291094.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Gill, Frank; Donsker, David, eds (2019). "Monarchs". World Bird List Version 9.2. International Ornithologists' Union. https://www.worldbirdnames.org/bow/monarchs/. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
- ↑ Harrison, John; Worfolk, Tim (2011-01-27) (in en). A Field Guide to the Birds of Sri Lanka. OUP Oxford. ISBN 9780199585663. https://books.google.com/books?id=QUViK6y8RM8C&q=%22monarcha+azurea%22&pg=PA168.
- ↑ "Pomarea dimidiata - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=B494521ABCA81674.
- ↑ "Pomarea mendozae - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=F7B01321&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus axillaris - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=ADD8E88814F973A7.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus mundus - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=3B582AC80E89E673.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus sacerdotum - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=E1D6FE15E46349AF.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus boanensis - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=9E53BDE4573A8552.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus trivirgatus - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=AD38369E&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus trivirgatus nigrimentum - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=CC6208F6&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus trivirgatus bernsteinii - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=A5C20BAA&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus trivirgatus melanopterus - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=7E84A578&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus trivirgatus albiventris - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=4E9088FB&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus trivirgatus gouldii - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=76D2C7BC&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus leucurus - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=058B4E9AE8E5AFEF.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus everetti - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=0D60F7F035538951.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus loricatus - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=91312BF0CE726E64.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus brehmii - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=F3D4B19D605FBC19.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus infelix - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=FD488DFD&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus menckei - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=82331F19&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus verticalis - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=D13830CE&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus verticalis ateralbus - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=A90EA4D2&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus barbatus - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=5440FDFB&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ BirdLife International (2016). "Symposiachrus malaitae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T103713884A104089936. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T103713884A104089936.en. https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/103713884/104089936. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus browni - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=DA2D8A5E&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus browni nigrotectus - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=CD81B437&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Symposiachrus vidua - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=2D2593B0&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Carterornis leucotis - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=D8AF3430D94D6814.
- ↑ "Carterornis pileatus - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=1EE395CD&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Carterornis pileatus buruensis - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=4743B00C&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Carterornis castus - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=640B813A&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Carterornis chrysomela - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=6778547AF618FD22.
- ↑ "Carterornis chrysomela aruensis - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=A38E9F9F&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Carterornis chrysomela melanonotus - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=56FFF59A&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Carterornis chrysomela kordensis - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=66748B0A&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Arses insularis - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=F25F2B9AA85AFFB5.
- ↑ "Myiagra alecto - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?lang=EN&avibaseid=CE626FAD&sec=summary&ssver=1.
- ↑ "Myiagra hebetior - Avibase". http://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=666BD58BF87D26C1.
Wikidata ☰ Q944621 entry
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