Biology:Pannychia
Pannychia is a genus of sea cucumber of the family Laetmogonidae. They are part of the benthos. They prefer habitats with soft sediment,[1] and inhabiting depths of 212 to 2,598 metres (696 to 8,524 ft). Within these habitats in the North Pacific Ocean, they are known to dominate the ecosystem.[2]
Description
The genus is diagnosed by the possession of a subventral mouth without any papillae surrounding it, though there are numerous, slender papillae elsewhere across the body.16-20 non-retractile tentacles are also present, and possess digitiform discs. Pannychia's ossicles are prominent. These are predominantly wheel-shaped, though ossicles described as "arched rods" occur in P. henrici and P. virgulifera. There are also larger and smaller forms of the wheel ossicles. The tube feet are variable in size.[2] Pannychia can be distinguished from all other Elasipodida through two synapomorphies: the presence of "dorsal papillae on ventro-lateral ambulacra and large wheel ossicles with brim teeth", and from other Laetmogonids through the presence of tube feet on the mid-ventral radius.[2] They differ from Laetmogone by their shorter papillae.[3]
In life, Pannychia species vary from white to dark violet, and some may be light-yellow or pale-brown.[2]
Genera
Seven species are currently recognized in this genus:[4]
- Pannychia fecundum (Ludwig, 1893)
- Pannychia henrici Ludwig, 1894
- Pannychia moseleyi Théel, 1882
- Pannychia nagasakimaruae Ogawa, Kobayashi, Kohtsuka & Fujita, 2023[5]
- Pannychia rinkaimaruae Ogawa, Kobayashi, Kohtsuka & Fujita, 2023[5]
- Pannychia taylorae O'Loughlin in O'Loughlin et al., 2013
- Pannychia virgulifera Ohshima, 1915
Historically, seven species/subspecies of Pannychia were recognized, but along with Laetmophasama they were all synonymized into P. moseleyi. A 2022 would "rehabilitate" P. henrici and P. virgulifera, rendering these names valid again.[2]
The following cladogram is based on a bayesian inference and Maximum Likelihood phylogenetic analysis, based on analysis of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI):[6]
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References
- ↑ "Pannychia Author: Théel, 1882". https://dsg.mbari.org/dsg/view/concept/Pannychia.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Ogawa, Akito; Kremenetskaia, Antonina; Hiruta, Shimpei F.; Shibata, Yasutoki; Narimatsu, Yoji; Miki, Shizuho; Morita, Takami; Tsuchida, Shinji et al. (2022-08-01). "Rehabilitation of two deep-sea holothurian species in genus Pannychia from the northwest Pacific Ocean". Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 202. doi:10.1016/j.dsr2.2022.105099. ISSN 0967-0645. Bibcode: 2022DSRII.20205099O. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967064522000844.
- ↑ "Laetmogone Author: Théel, 1879". https://dsg.mbari.org/dsg/view/concept/Laetmogone.
- ↑ "Pannychia Théel, 1882". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=123525.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 Ogawa, Akito; Kobayashi, Itaru; Kohtsuka, Hisanori; Fujita, Toshihiko (2023-07-31). "Two new species of the bathyal holothurian genus Pannychia (Elasipodida, Laetmogonidae) from Japanese waters" (in en). Zootaxa 5323 (1): 105–125. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.5323.1.6. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 37518198. https://www.mapress.com/zt/article/view/zootaxa.5323.1.6.
- ↑ Xiao, Yun-Lu; Zhang, Hai-Bin (2025-01-22). "Morphological and molecular evidence reveals a new species of Laetmogone (Holothuroidea, Elasipodida) from abyssal depths of the south Pacific Ocean" (in en). Zoosystematics and Evolution 101 (1): 127–139. doi:10.3897/zse.101.135131. ISSN 1860-0743. https://zse.pensoft.net/article/135131/.
Wikidata ☰ Q18585055 entry
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