Biology:Rapicactus

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Short description: Genus of cactus

Rapicactus
Rapicactus zaragozae.jpg
Rapicactus zaragosae
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Cactaceae
Subfamily: Cactoideae
Tribe: Cacteae
Genus: Rapicactus
Buxb. & Oehme
Type species
Rapicactus subterraneus
Species

See text.

Rapicactus is a genus of cactus in the tribe Cacteae, subfamily Cactoideae. It has been synonymized with Turbinicarpus but molecular phylogenetic studies have supported its monophyly and separation from that genus.[1]

Taxonomy

The genus Rapicactus was proposed in 1942 by Buxbaum and Oehme.[2] It was characterized by having thick roots with a constriction above forming a neck. However, most subsequent treatments sank the genus into a broadly circumscribed genus Turbinicarpus. The circumscription of Turbinicarpus has been described as "remarkably unstable", with species regularly transferred to other genera.[1] The broad circumscription of Turbinicarpus was recognized as polyphyletic by Hunt in 2016.[3] A phylogenetic study published in 2019 showed that a monophyletic Rapicactus was sister to Acharagma, separated from a monophyletic Turbinicarpus:[1]

Three species of other genera

Acharagma

Rapicactus

Species of other genera

Species of other genera

Kadenicarpus

Ariocarpus

Turbinicarpus s.s.

Species

(As of March 2022), Plants of the World Online accepted four species:[4]

Image Scientific name Distribution
Turbinicarpus beguinii .jpg Rapicactus beguinii (N.P.Taylor) Lüthy NE. Mexico
Rapicactus mandragora.jpg Rapicactus mandragora (Fric ex A.Berger) Buxb. & Oehme Mexico (Durango, Coahuila, Nuevo León)
Turbinicarpus booleanus - Flickr - Resenter89.jpg Rapicactus subterraneus (Backeb.) Buxb. & Oehme Mexico (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí)
Rapicactus zaragozae.jpg Rapicactus zaragosae (Glass & R.A.Foster) D.Donati Mexico (Nuevo León, Tamaulipas)

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Vázquez-sánchez, Monserrat; Sánchez, Daniel; Terrazas, Teresa; De La Rosa-Tilapa, Alejandro; Arias, Salvador (2019), "Polyphyly of the iconic cactus genus Turbinicarpus (Cactaceae) and its generic circumscription", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 190 (4): 405–420, doi:10.1093/botlinnean/boz027 
  2. "Rapicactus Buxb. & Oehme", International Plant Names Index (IPNI) (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew), https://www.ipni.org/n/295609-2, retrieved 2022-03-05 
  3. Hunt, D.R. (2016), CITES Cactaceae checklist (3rd ed.), Kew: Royal Botanic Gardens and D. Hunt, ISBN 978-0-9933113-2-1 
  4. "Rapicactus Buxb. & Oehme", Plants of the World Online (Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew), https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:295609-2, retrieved 2022-03-07 

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