Biology:Zelotes

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Zelotes is a genus of ground spiders that was first described by J. Gistel in 1848.[1]

Description

See also: Biology:Glossary of spider terms

Zelotes are small to medium-sized spiders (5-10 mm) that are usually darkish in colour, ranging from dark reddish brown to almost black. The carapace is ovate and narrower in front, with a median fovea.[2]

The anterior median eyes are circular and dark, while posterior median eyes are irregular and light. The abdomen is ovate, and legs are of medium length with leg formula IV, I, II, III. A distinctive pale patch is frequently present on the inside of femora I, and a preening comb is present on metatarsi III and/or IV.[2]

Species

As of September 2025, this genus includes 408 species.[3]

These species have articles on Wikipedia:

  • Zelotes aestus (Tucker, 1923) – Namibia, South Africa
  • Zelotes albanicus (Hewitt, 1915) – South Africa
  • Zelotes anthereus Chamberlin, 1936 – United States
  • Zelotes aridus (Purcell, 1907) – Tanzania, Namibia, South Africa
  • Zelotes bastardi (Simon, 1896) – DR Congo, Zimbabwe, South Africa, Madagascar
  • Zelotes broomi (Purcell, 1907) – South Africa
  • Zelotes caldarius (Purcell, 1907) – Botswana, South Africa
  • Zelotes capensis FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa
  • Zelotes capsula Tucker, 1923 – South Africa
  • Zelotes captator (Thorell, 1887) – Myanmar
  • Zelotes chinguli FitzPatrick, 2007 – Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • Zelotes corrugatus (Purcell, 1907) – Zambia, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • Zelotes doddieburni FitzPatrick, 2007 – Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • Zelotes duplex Chamberlin, 1922 – Canada, United States
  • Zelotes flavitarsis (Purcell, 1908) – South Africa
  • Zelotes florisbad FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa
  • Zelotes fratris Chamberlin, 1920 – Russia (Middle Siberia to Far East), Alaska, Canada, United States, Mexico
  • Zelotes frenchi Tucker, 1923 – Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • Zelotes fuligineus (Purcell, 1907) – Ethiopia, DR Congo, Kenya, Tanzania, Namibia, South Africa, Lesotho
  • Zelotes funestus (Keyserling, 1887) – United States
  • Zelotes gooldi (Purcell, 1907) – Namibia, Botswana, South Africa
  • Zelotes haplodrassoides (Denis, 1955) – Niger, Ethiopia, South Africa
  • Zelotes hentzi Barrows, 1945 – Canada, United States
  • Zelotes humilis (Purcell, 1907) – Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • Zelotes invidus (Purcell, 1907) – Namibia, South Africa
  • Zelotes kuncinyanus FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa
  • Zelotes lasalanus Chamberlin, 1928 – Canada, United States, Mexico
  • Zelotes lavus Tucker, 1923 – Namibia, Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • Zelotes lightfooti (Purcell, 1907) – South Africa
  • Zelotes lotzi FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa
  • Zelotes mashonus FitzPatrick, 2007 – DR Congo, Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • Zelotes muizenbergensis FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa
  • Zelotes namaquus FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa
  • Zelotes namibensis FitzPatrick, 2007 – Namibia, South Africa
  • Zelotes natalensis Tucker, 1923 – Mozambique, South Africa
  • Zelotes ngomensis FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa
  • Zelotes otavi FitzPatrick, 2007 – Namibia, Botswana, South Africa
  • Zelotes ovambensis Lawrence, 1927 – Namibia, South Africa
  • Zelotes pallidipes Tucker, 1923 – Namibia, South Africa
  • Zelotes pseustes Chamberlin, 1922 – United States, Mexico
  • Zelotes pulchripes (Purcell, 1908) – South Africa
  • Zelotes puritanus Chamberlin, 1922 – Alaska, Canada, United States, Mexico, Europe, Turkey, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Iran
  • Zelotes qwabergensis FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa
  • Zelotes radiatus Lawrence, 1928 – Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • Zelotes reduncus (Purcell, 1907) – South Africa, Lesotho
  • Zelotes resolution FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa
  • Zelotes sclateri Tucker, 1923 – South Africa, Lesotho
  • Zelotes scrutatus (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1872) – Canary Islands, Italy (Sicily), Greece, Cyprus, Turkey, Africa to Central Asia
  • Zelotes songus FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa
  • Zelotes subterraneus (C. L. Koch, 1833) – Europe, Cyprus, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Central Asia, China (type species)
  • Zelotes tenuis (L. Koch, 1866) – Mediterranean and Central Europe to Russia (Caucasus). Introduced to Galapagos Islands, United States
  • Zelotes tuckeri Roewer, 1951 – Ethiopia, East Africa, Kenya, Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, South Africa
  • Zelotes uquathus FitzPatrick, 2007 – South Africa
  • Zelotes zonognathus (Purcell, 1907) – Mali, Ivory Coast, DR Congo, Namibia, Zimbabwe, South Africa
  • Z. asiatica
    Z. asiatica
  • Z. frenchi
    Z. frenchi
  • Z. fuligineus
    Z. fuligineus
  • Z. humilis
    Z. humilis
  • Z. lavus
    Z. lavus
  • Z. natalensis
    Z. natalensis
  • Z. pallidipes
    Z. pallidipes
  • Z. qwabergensis
    Z. qwabergensis
  • Z. reduncus
    Z. reduncus

References

  1. ↑ Gistel, J. (1848). Naturgeschichte des Thierreichs für höhere Schulen. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Dippenaar-Schoeman, A.S.; Haddad, C.R.; Foord, S.H.; Lotz, L.N. (2021). The Gnaphosidae of South Africa. Part 4 (Z). Version 1. South African National Survey of Arachnida Photo Identification Guide. pp. 4. doi:10.5281/zenodo.7197783.  This article incorporates text available under the CC BY 4.0 license.
  3. ↑ "Gen. Zelotes Gistel, 1848". World Spider Catalog. doi:10.24436/2. https://wsc.nmbe.ch/genus/1008. Retrieved 2025-10-05. 

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Wikidata ☰ Q3141606 entry



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