Chemistry:3,5-Diiodothyronine
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| IUPAC name
2-Amino-3-[4-(4-hydroxyphenoxy)-3,5-diiodophenyl]propanoic acid
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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| ChemSpider | |
| MeSH | 3,5-diiodothyronine |
PubChem CID
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| Properties | |
| C15H13I2NO4 | |
| Molar mass | 525.081 g·mol−1 |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
3,5-Diiodothyronine (3,5-T2) is an active thyroid hormone within the class of iodothyronines. It has two iodine atoms at positions 3 and 5 of its inner ring.
Biological effects
3,5-T2 is an active thyroid hormone. It stimulates the TR-beta receptor for thyroid hormones and thus increases energy expenditure.[1][2] It has agonistic (thyromimetic) effects at myocardial tissue and pituitary, which results in 3,5-T2 suppressing TSH release.[3][4] 3,5-T2 is an allosteric regulator of the cytochrome c oxidase, the complex IV of the electron transport chain. It increases its activity by preventing the interaction of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) as an allosteric inhibitor.[5]
Clinical significance
In nonthyroidal illness syndrome 3,5-T2 concentrations are increased.[6][7][8][9] This could explain why patients with low T3 syndrome don't benefit from substitution therapy with thyroid hormones.[7]
References
- ↑ "The effects of 3,5-diiodothyronine on energy balance". Frontiers in Physiology 5: 528. 2014. doi:10.3389/fphys.2014.00528. PMID 25628573.
- ↑ "3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine activates brown adipose tissue thermogenesis in hypothyroid rats". PLOS ONE 10 (2): e0116498. 2015. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0116498. PMID 25658324. Bibcode: 2015PLoSO..1016498L.
- ↑ "Administration of 3,5-diiodothyronine (3,5-T2) causes central hypothyroidism and stimulates thyroid-sensitive tissues". The Journal of Endocrinology 221 (3): 415–27. Jun 2014. doi:10.1530/JOE-13-0502. PMID 24692290.
- ↑ "3,5-Diiodo-L-thyronine (3,5-t2) exerts thyromimetic effects on hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis, body composition, and energy metabolism in male diet-induced obese mice". Endocrinology 156 (1): 389–99. Jan 2015. doi:10.1210/en.2014-1604. PMID 25322465.
- ↑ Arnold S.; Goglia F.; Kadenbach B. (1998). "3,5-Diiodothyronine binds to subunit Va of cytochrome-c oxidase and abolishes the allosteric inhibition of respiration by ATP.". Eur. J. Biochem. 252 (2): 325–330. doi:10.1046/j.1432-1327.1998.2520325.x. PMID 9523704.
- ↑ "Elevated 3,5-diiodothyronine concentrations in the sera of patients with nonthyroidal illnesses and brain tumors". The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism 82 (5): 1535–42. May 1997. doi:10.1210/jcem.82.5.3939. PMID 9141546.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 "Nonthyroidal Illness Syndrome in Cardiac Illness Involves Elevated Concentrations of 3,5-Diiodothyronine and Correlates with Atrial Remodeling". European Thyroid Journal 4 (2): 129–37. Jun 2015. doi:10.1159/000381543. PMID 26279999.
- ↑ Langouche, L; Lehmphul, I; Perre, SV; Köhrle, J; Van den Berghe, G (December 2016). "Circulating 3-T1AM and 3,5-T2 in Critically Ill Patients: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study.". Thyroid 26 (12): 1674–1680. doi:10.1089/thy.2016.0214. PMID 27676423. https://lirias.kuleuven.be/handle/123456789/551508.
- ↑ Chatzitomaris, Apostolos; Hoermann, Rudolf; Midgley, John E.; Hering, Steffen; Urban, Aline; Dietrich, Barbara; Abood, Assjana; Klein, Harald H. et al. (20 July 2017). "Thyroid Allostasis–Adaptive Responses of Thyrotropic Feedback Control to Conditions of Strain, Stress, and Developmental Programming". Frontiers in Endocrinology 8: 163. doi:10.3389/fendo.2017.00163. PMID 28775711.
External links
- 3,5-diiodothyronine at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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