Chemistry:Cholesteryl ester
300px|thumb|right|Cholesterol oleate, a member of the cholesteryl ester family Cholesteryl ester, a dietary lipid, is an ester of cholesterol. The ester bond is formed between the carboxylate group of a fatty acid and the hydroxyl group of cholesterol. Cholesteryl esters have a lower solubility in water due to their increased hydrophobicity. Esters are formed by replacing at least one –OH (hydroxyl) group with an –O–alkyl (alkoxy) group. They are hydrolyzed by pancreatic enzymes, cholesterol esterase, to produce cholesterol and free fatty acids.[1] They are associated with atherosclerosis.[2]
Cholesteryl ester is found in human brains as lipid droplets which store and transport cholesterol.[3] Increased levels of cholesteryl ester have been found in certain parts of the brain of people with Huntington disease. Higher concentrations of cholesteryl ester have been found in the caudate and putamen, but not the cerebellum, of people with Huntington disease compared with levels in controls.[4] Increase in cholesteryl ester has also been found in other neurological disorders like multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer’s disease.[3]
See also
- Cholesteryl ester transfer protein
- Cholesteryl ester storage disease
- Acyl CoA cholesteryl acyltransferase (ACAT)
- Lecithin–cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT)
References
- ↑ Ferrier, Richard A. Harvey, Denise R. (2011). Lippincott's illustrated reviews, biochemistry (5th ed.). Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health. pp. 175. ISBN 9781608314126.
- ↑ Cholesterol+Esters at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 Phillips, Gabrielle R.; Hancock, Sarah E.; Brown, Simon H. J.; Jenner, Andrew M.; Kreilaus, Fabian; Newell, Kelly A.; Mitchell, Todd W. (2020-11-20). "Cholesteryl ester levels are elevated in the caudate and putamen of Huntington's disease patients" (in en). Scientific Reports 10 (1): 20314. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-76973-8. ISSN 2045-2322. PMID 33219259. Bibcode: 2020NatSR..1020314P.
- ↑ "Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute Researchers Report on Findings in Huntington Disease (Cholesteryl ester levels are elevated in the caudate and putamen of Huntington's disease patients) (Cholesteryl ester levels are elevated in ...)." Obesity, Fitness & Wellness Week, 2020, p. 2684. Gale Academic OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A643924682/AONE?u=cuny_hunter&sid=AONE&xid=6782d457. Accessed 2 May 2021.
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