Chemistry:Merrillite
| Merrillite | |
|---|---|
| General | |
| Category | Phosphate mineral |
| Formula (repeating unit) | Ca9NaMg(PO4)7 |
| Strunz classification | 8.AC.45 |
| Crystal system | Trigonal |
| Crystal class | Ditrigonal pyramidal (3m) (same H-M symbol) |
| Space group | R3c |
| Unit cell | a = 10.362 Å, c = 37.106 Å; Z = 6 |
| Identification | |
| Color | Colorless to white |
| Crystal habit | Occurs as anhedral grains |
| Cleavage | Poor - indistinct |
| Tenacity | Brittle |
| |re|er}} | Vitreous |
| Specific gravity | 3.1 (measured) |
| Optical properties | Uniaxial (-) |
| Refractive index | nε=1.62, nω=1.623 |
| Birefringence | 0.0030 |
| References | [1][2][3] |
Merrillite is a calcium phosphate mineral with the chemical formula Ca9NaMg(PO4)7. It is an anhydrous, sodium-rich member of the merrillite group of minerals.[3][5]
Mineral species, sub-group and group
Merrillite is a distinct mineral species but it also gives its name to a set of similar minerals, which together form the merrillite sub-group of minerals. The merrillite sub-group and the whitlockite sub-group together form the merrillite group of minerals.[6]
- Merrillite Group[6]
- Merrillite Sub-group
- Ferromerrillite
- Keplerite
- Matyhite
- Merrillite
- Whitlockite Sub-group
- Hedegaardite
- Strontiowhitlockite
- Whitlockite
- Wopmayite
- Merrillite Sub-group
In September 2022 the discovery of another merrillite group mineral, changesite–(Y), was announced,[7] but, (As of September 2022), it is not yet clear where this new mineral sits in the merrillite group hierarchy.
Discovery and naming
Merrillite is named after George P. Merrill (1854–1929) of the Smithsonian Institution.[3] In 1915, Merrill had described the mineral from four meteorites: Alfianello, Dhurmsala, Pultusk and Rich Mountain. However, it was not until 1975 that it was recognized as distinct from whitlockite by the International Mineralogical Association.[3]
Occurrence
Merrillite is a very important constituent of extraterrestrial rocks.[citation needed] It occurs in lunar rocks and in meteorites (for example, pallasites and martian meteorites).[8]
In 2022, for the first time, merrillite was found in a terrestrial environment, as an inclusion in lower-mantle diamonds from Sorriso River, Juína, Brazil .[9]
References
- ↑ Mineralienatlas
- ↑ Merrillite data on Webmineral
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 "Merrillite". Mindat. http://www.mindat.org/min-6577.html. Retrieved 6 January 2013.
- ↑ Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine 85 (3): 291–320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. Bibcode: 2021MinM...85..291W.
- ↑ "Merrillite". Mindat. https://www.mindat.org/min-55746.html. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Cerite Supergroup". Mindat. https://www.mindat.org/min-55118.html. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
- ↑ "New mineral found by Chinese scientists". China Daily. https://www.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202209/10/WS631bd991a310fd2b29e76f79.html. Retrieved 13 September 2022.
- ↑ Jolliff, Bradley L.; John M. Hughes; John J. Freeman; Ryan A. Zeigler (2006). "Crystal chemistry of lunar merrillite and comparison to other meteoritic and planetary suites of whitlockite and merrillite". American Mineralogist 91 (10): 1583–1595. doi:10.2138/am.2006.2185. Bibcode: 2006AmMin..91.1583J.
- ↑ Kaminsky, Felix V.; Zedgenizov, Dmitry A. (2022). "First find of merrillite, Ca3(PO4)2, in a terrestrial environment as an inclusion in lower-mantle diamond". American Mineralogist 107 (8): 1652–1655. doi:10.2138/am-2022-8175.
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