Chemistry:Osmium borides
Osmium borides are compounds of osmium and boron. Their most remarkable property is potentially high hardness. It is thought that a combination of high electron density of osmium with the strength of boron-osmium covalent bonds will make osmium borides superhard materials, however this has not been demonstrated yet. For example, OsB2 is hard (hardness comparable to that of sapphire), but not superhard.[1]
Synthesis
Osmium borides are produced in vacuum or inert atmosphere to prevent formation of osmium tetroxide, which is a hazardous compound. Synthesis occurs at high temperatures (~1000 °C) from a mixture of MgB2 and OsCl3.[1]
Structure
Three osmium borides are known: OsB, Os2B3 and OsB2. The first two have hexagonal structure,[2] similar to that of rhenium diboride. Osmium diboride was first also sought as hexagonal,[3] but one of its phases was later reassigned to orthorhombic.[1][4] In recent methods of synthesis, it has also been found that a hexagonal phase of OsB2 exists with a similar structure to ReB2.[5]
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 Cumberland, Robert W. (April 27, 2005). "Osmium Diboride, An Ultra-Incompressible, Hard Material". Journal of the American Chemical Society 127 (20): 7264–5. doi:10.1021/ja043806y. PMID 15898746.
- ↑ M. Hebbache (2006). "A new superhard material: Osmium diboride OsB2". Solid State Communications 139 (5): 227–231. doi:10.1016/j.ssc.2006.05.041. Bibcode: 2006SSCom.139..227H.
- ↑ Kempter, C. P.; Fries, R. J. (1961). "Crystallography of the Ru-B and Os-B Systems". The Journal of Chemical Physics 34 (6): 1994. doi:10.1063/1.1731807. Bibcode: 1961JChPh..34.1994K.
- ↑ Roof, R. B.; Kempter, C. P. (1962). "New Orthorhombic Phase in the Ru-B and Os-B Systems". The Journal of Chemical Physics 37 (7): 1473. doi:10.1063/1.1733309. Bibcode: 1962JChPh..37.1473R.
- ↑ Xie, Zhilin; Blair, Richard G.; Orlovskaya, Nina; Cullen, David A.; Andrew Payzant, E. (2014-11-01). "Thermal stability of hexagonal OsB2". Journal of Solid State Chemistry 219: 210–219. doi:10.1016/j.jssc.2014.07.035. Bibcode: 2014JSSCh.219..210X.
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