Chemistry:Urea phosphate
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| IUPAC name
phosphoric acid;urea
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| Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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PubChem CID
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| Properties | |
| CH7N2O5P | |
| Molar mass | 158.050 g·mol−1 |
| Hazards | |
| GHS pictograms | 
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| GHS Signal word | Danger |
| H314 | |
| P260, P264, P280, P301+330+331, P303+361+353, P304+340, P305+351+338, P310, P321, P363, P405, P501 | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
| Infobox references | |
Urea phosphate is a 1:1 combination of urea and phosphoric acid that is used as a fertilizer. It has an NPK formula of 17-44-0,[1] and is soluble in water, producing a strongly acidic solution.
Urea phosphate is available in fertilizer vendor bags that carry a UP signet on the packaging. It is sometimes added to blends which contain calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate and potassium nitrate to produce water-soluble formulas such as 15-5-15 and 13-2-20. The acidity of urea phosphate allows Ca, Mg and P to co-exist in solution. Under less acidic conditions, there would be precipitation of Ca–Mg phosphates. Urea phosphate is often used in drip irrigation to clean pipe systems.[2][3]
The phosphoric acid and urea molecules in the urea phosphate crystal structure form a complex hydrogen-bonding network,[4] with the hydrogen atoms bonding more strongly to urea molecules.[5] It freely dissociates when dissolved in water.
Urea phosphate is produced as a non-ionic adduct of urea and phosphoric acid,[6] with the typical 17-44-0 grade of fertilizer produced using wet process phosphoric acid at concentrations that vary from 54%[1] to 90%:[7]
H
3PO
4(aq) + (NH
2)
2CO(s) → (NH
2)
2CO · H
3PO
4(s)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Stinson, John M. (1977) (in en). Purified Liquid Fertilizers from Wet-process Acid Via Solid Urea Phosphate. National Fertilizer Development Center, Tennessee Valley Authority. pp. 3. https://books.google.com/books?id=0-yYWSQAHKMC.
- ↑ Ramachandrula, Venkata Ramamohan; Kasa, Ramamohan Reddy (2022-10-01). "Prevention and treatment of drip emitter clogging: a review of various innovative methods" (in en). Water Practice and Technology 17 (10): 2059–2070. doi:10.2166/wpt.2022.115. ISSN 1751-231X. https://iwaponline.com/wpt/article/17/10/2059/91275/Prevention-and-treatment-of-drip-emitter-clogging.
- ↑ Stroehlein, J. L.; Rubeiz, I. G.; Oebker, N. F. (April 1986). "Urea Phosphate Applied by Subsurface Drip Irrigation Increases Availability of Soil Nitrogen and Phosphorus". Vegetable Report.
- ↑ Sundera-Rao, R. V. G.; Turley, J. W.; Pepinsky, R. (1957). "The crystal structure of urea phosphate". Acta Crystallogr. 10 (6): 435–436. doi:10.1107/S0365110X57001425. Bibcode: 1957AcCry..10..435S.
- ↑ Rodrigues, Bernardo Lages; Tellgren, Roland; Fernandes, Nelson G. (2001-06-01). "Experimental electron density of urea–phosphoric acid (1/1) at 100 K". Acta Crystallographica Section B Structural Science 57 (3): 353–358. doi:10.1107/S0108768101004359. ISSN 0108-7681. https://scripts.iucr.org/cgi-bin/paper?S0108768101004359.
- ↑ Lagier, Claudia M.; Zuriaga, Mariano; Monti, Gustavo; Olivieri, Alejandro C. (September 1996). "Urea-phosphoric acid complex studied by variable temperature 31P NMR spectroscopy and semiempirical calculations" (in en). Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids 57 (9): 1183–1190. doi:10.1016/0022-3697(95)00294-4. Bibcode: 1996JPCS...57.1183L. https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0022369795002944.
- ↑ Jančaitienė, Kristina; Medekšaitė, Agnė; Šlinkšienė, Rasa (2023-11-14). "Influence of the Process Parameters on the Synthesis of Urea Phosphate and the Properties of the Obtained Product" (in en). Crystals 13 (11): 1584. doi:10.3390/cryst13111584. ISSN 2073-4352.
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