Earth:Agua Nueva Formation

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Agua Nueva Formation
Stratigraphic range: Latest Cenomanian to Turonian
↓
TypeFormation
Lithology
PrimaryLimestone
OtherShale. bentonite, chert
Location
CountryMexico
ExtentSan Luis Potosí

The Agua Nueva Formation is a geologic formation in Mexico. It preserves fossils dated to the latest Cenomanian and Turonian ages of the Cretaceous period. It consists "predominantly of alternating fossiliferous, organic matter-rich, laminated, dark gray limestone and non-laminated, organic matter-poor limestone in decimeter-thick beds (10 to 30 cm) with occasional centimetric beds (5 cm) of brown shale that show no apparent internal structures."[1] The formation is noted for its qualities as a Konservat-Lagerstätte, with notable finds including the plesiosaur Mauriciosaurus, the mosasaur Yaguarasaurus and sharks Ptychodus and Aquilolamna.

It appears to have been deposited on the upper part of a shallow continental shelf.[2]

Fossil content

Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Cartilaginous fish

Cartilaginous fish of the Agua Nueva Formation
Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images
Aquilolamna A. milarcae Complete skeleton A bizarre aquilolamnid shark.[3] frameless
Lamniformes indet. Articulated vertebrae An indeterminate mackerel shark, potentially a cretoxyrhinid.[4]
Ptychodus P. decurrens Vallecillo Teeth A ptychodontid shark.[5][6] frameless
P. mortoni Teeth
P. sp. Complete skeletons
cf. Scyliorhinus S. sp. Articulated vertebrae A catshark.[7] frameless

Ray-finned fish

Based on Amalfitano et al (2020):[8]

Ray-finned fish of the Agua Nueva Formation
Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images
Araripichthys A. sp. An araripichthyid.[2]
Fossil specimen from an unknown location
Belonostomus B. sp. An aspidorhynchid.
Fossil specimen from Germany
Clupeoidei indet. Huehuetla A relative of herrings.[9]
Enchodus E. sp. Huehuetla An enchodontid aulopiform.[9] frameless
Goulmimichthys G. roberti Vallecillo, Huehuetla A pachyrhizodontid crossognathiform.[2][9]
Fossil specimen from Colombia
Hastichthys H. sp. Huehuetla A dercetid aulopiform.[9]
"Nursallia" "N." tethysensis Huehuetla A pycnodont.[9]
File:Nursallia sp 7.JPG
Fossil specimen from an unknown location
Pachyrhizodus P. caninus A pachyrhizodontid crossognathiform. frameless
Paranursallia P. gutturosa A pycnodont.
Fossil specimen from an unknown location
Rhynchodercetis R. regio A dercetid aulopiform.[10]
Fossil specimen from Lebanon
Tingitanichthys T. sp. A pachyrhizodontid crossognathiform.[9]
Tselfatia T. formosa Huehuetla A plethodid tselfatiiform.[9]
Fossil specimen from an unknown location
Vallecillichthys V. multivertebratum Vallecillo A saurodontid ichthyodectiform.[2][11]

Lobe-finned fish

Lobe-finned fish of the Agua Nueva Formation
Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images
Latimerioidei indet. Gular plate A large-sized marine coelacanth, potentially Megalocoelacanthus. Originally interpreted as a cephalopod gladius and given the name "Palaeoctopus pelagicus".[12]

Reptiles

Mosasaurs

Mosasaurs of the Agua Nueva Formation
Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images
Yaguarasaurus Y. regiomontanus A plioplatecarpine mosasaur.[13] frameless

Plesiosaurs

Plesiosaurs of the Agua Nueva Formation
Genus Species Location Member Material Notes Images
Mauriciosaurus M. fernandezi A polycotylid plesiosaur.[14] frameless

Molluscs

Cephalopods

Cephalopods of the Agua Nueva Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images

See also

  • List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Mexico

References

  1. ↑ Blanco, Alberto; Ángeles-Trigueros, Susana Abigail; Hernández-Ávila, Juan; Silva-Martínez, Luis E.; Zavala-Díaz de la Serna, Francisco Javier; Ambrocio-Cruz, Silvia Patricia; Castañeda-Posadas, Carlos; Blanco, Alberto et al. (2016). "Microscopic biomorphic structures in Upper Cretaceous marine sedimentary pyrite" (in en). Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 33 (3): 378–386. ISSN 1026-8774. http://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S1026-87742016000300378&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=en. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Blanco, Alberto; Cavin, Lionel (2003-07-01). "New Teleostei from the Agua Nueva Formation (Turonian), Vallecillo (NE Mexico)". Comptes Rendus Palevol 2 (5): 299–306. doi:10.1016/S1631-0683(03)00064-2. ISSN 1631-0683. Bibcode: 2003CRPal...2..299B. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1631068303000642. 
  3. ↑ Vullo, Romain; Frey, Eberhard; Ifrim, Christina; González González, Margarito A.; Stinnesbeck, Eva S.; Stinnesbeck, Wolfgang (2021-03-19). "Manta-like planktivorous sharks in Late Cretaceous oceans". Science 371 (6535): 1253–1256. doi:10.1126/science.abc1490. PMID 33737486. Bibcode: 2021Sci...371.1253V. https://www.science.org/doi/abs/10.1126/science.abc1490. 
  4. ↑ Blanco-Piñón, Alberto; Shimada, Kenshu; González-Barba, Gerardo; Blanco-Piñón, Alberto; Shimada, Kenshu; González-Barba, Gerardo (2005). "Lamnoid vertebrae from the Agua Nueva Formation (Upper Cretaceous: lower Turonian), northeastern Mexico" (in en). Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 22 (1): 19–23. ISSN 1026-8774. https://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?pid=S1026-87742005000100019&script=sci_arttext. 
  5. ↑ Blanco-Piñón, Alberto; Garibay-Romero, Luis M.; Alvarado-Ortega, Jesús (2007). "The oldest stratigraphic record of the Late Cretaceous shark Ptychodus mortoni Agassiz, from Vallecillo, Nuevo León, northeastern Mexico" (in en). Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 24 (1): 25–30. ISSN 1026-8774. https://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?pid=S1026-87742007000100003&script=sci_arttext. 
  6. ↑ Vullo, Romain; Villalobos-Segura, Eduardo; Amadori, Manuel; Kriwet, Jürgen; Frey, Eberhard; González González, Margarito A.; Padilla Gutiérrez, José M.; Ifrim, Christina et al. (2024-04-24). "Exceptionally preserved shark fossils from Mexico elucidate the long-standing enigma of the Cretaceous elasmobranch Ptychodus". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 291 (2021). doi:10.1098/rspb.2024.0262. PMID 38654646. 
  7. ↑ "Vallecillo, Nuevo León: una nueva localidad fosilífera del Cretácico Tardío en el noreste de México | Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas". https://rmcg.geociencias.unam.mx/index.php/rmcg/article/view/996. 
  8. ↑ Amalfitano, Jacopo; Giusberti, Luca; Fornaciari, Eliana; Carnevale, Giorgio (2020-04-03). "Upper Cenomanian Fishes from the Bonarelli Level (Oae2) of Northeastern Italy". Rivista Italiana di Paleontologia e Stratigrafia 126 (2). doi:10.13130/2039-4942/13224. ISSN 2039-4942. https://riviste.unimi.it/index.php/RIPS/article/view/13224. Retrieved 2025-02-05. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 Alvarado-Ortega, Jesús; Cantalice Severiano, Kleyton Magno; Barrientos-Lara, Jair Israel; Díaz-Cruz, Jesús Alberto; Than-Marchese Aguilera, Bruno Andrés (2019-03-13). "The Huehuetla quarry, a Turonian deposit of marine vertebrates in the Sierra Norte of Puebla, central Mexico" (in en). Palaeontologia Electronica 22. doi:10.26879/921. https://palaeo-electronica.org/content/2019/2450-huehuetla-turonian-vertebrates. Retrieved 2025-02-05. 
  10. ↑ Blanco, Alberto; Alvarado-Ortega, Jesús (2006-09-11). "Rhynchodercetis regio, sp. nov., a dercetid fish (Teleostei: Aulopiformes) from Vallecillo, Nuevo León State, Northeastern Mexico". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26 (3): 552–558. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2006)26[552:RRSNAD2.0.CO;2]. ISSN 0272-4634. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1671/0272-4634(2006)26%5B552:RRSNAD%5D2.0.CO;2. 
  11. ↑ Blanco-Piñón, Alberto; Alvarado-Ortega, Jesús (2007). "Review of Vallecillichthys multivertebratum (Teleostei: Ichthyodectiformes), a Late Cretaceous (early Turonian) "Bulldog fish" from northeastern Mexico" (in en). Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geológicas 24 (3): 450–466. ISSN 1026-8774. https://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?pid=S1026-87742007000300012&script=sci_arttext&tlng=en. 
  12. ↑ Schultze, Hans-Peter; Fuchs, Dirk; Giersch, Samuel; Ifrim, Christina; Stinnesbeck, Wolfgang (2010). "Palaeoctopus pelagicus from the Turonian of Mexico reinterpreted as a coelacanth (Sarcopterygian) gular plate" (in en). Palaeontology 53 (3): 689–694. doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00943.x. ISSN 1475-4983. Bibcode: 2010Palgy..53..689S. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00943.x. 
  13. ↑ Rivera-Sylva, Héctor E.; Longrich, Nicholas R.; Padilla-Gutierrez, José M.; Guzmán-Gutiérrez, José Rubén; Escalante-Hernández, Víctor M.; González-Ávila, José G. (2024-01-01). "A new species of Yaguarasaurus (Mosasauridae: Plioplatecarpinae) from the Agua Nueva Formation (Upper Turonian – ?Lower Coniacian) of Nuevo Leon, Mexico". Journal of South American Earth Sciences 133. doi:10.1016/j.jsames.2023.104694. ISSN 0895-9811. Bibcode: 2024JSAES.13304694R. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0895981123005060. 
  14. ↑ Frey, Eberhard; Mulder, Eric W. A.; Stinnesbeck, Wolfgang; Rivera-Sylva, Héctor E.; Padilla-Gutiérrez, José Manuel; González-González, Arturo Homero; Frey, Eberhard; Mulder, Eric W. A. et al. (2017). "A new polycotylid plesiosaur with extensive soft tissue preservation from the early Late Cretaceous of northeast Mexico" (in en). Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana 69 (1): 87–134. doi:10.18268/BSGM2017v69n1a5. ISSN 1405-3322. Bibcode: 2017BoSGM..69...87F. https://www.scielo.org.mx/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1405-33222017000100087. 



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