Earth:Gogo Formation

From HandWiki
Short description: Lagerstätte formation in Kimberley, Australia

Gogo Formation
Stratigraphic range: Frasnian
TypeGeological formation
UnderliesVirgin Hills Formation
OverliesUnconformity with Prices Creek Group
ThicknessUp to 700 m (2,300 ft)
Lithology
PrimaryShale, Siltstone
OtherLimestone
Location
LocationKimberley, Western Australia
Coordinates [ ⚑ ] : 18°18′S 126°30′E / 18.3°S 126.5°E / -18.3; 126.5
Paleocoordinates [ ⚑ ] 16°42′S 136°42′E / 16.7°S 136.7°E / -16.7; 136.7
RegionWestern Australia
Country Australia
Type section
Named forGogo Station
Thickness at type section~425 m (1,394 ft)
Lua error in Module:Location_map/multi at line 27: Unable to find the specified location map definition: "Module:Location map/data/Western Australia" does not exist.
View of Gogo Station, 1951

The Gogo Formation in the Kimberley region of Western Australia is a Lagerstätte that exhibits exceptional preservation of a Devonian reef community. The formation is named after Gogo Station, a cattle station where outcrops appear and fossils are often collected from,[1] as is nearby Fossil Downs Station.

History

The reef, which now stands up abruptly in the western Australian desert (as the Windjana Limestone), was first identified in 1940 by paleontologist Curt Teichert, who discovered the first fossil fish from the region.[2]

Sedimentology

Unweathered sections of the Gogo Formation are made of siltstone, shale and calcarenite with numerous limestone concretions. These concretions are resistant to weathering, producing extensive nodule fields on the ground in areas where the surrounding rock has eroded away.[3]

The Gogo sediments represent deep, hypoxic seafloor deposits in the vicinity of a large tropical reef composed primarily of algae and stromatoporoids during the Frasnian faunal stage of the Late Devonian.[4] Associated stratigraphic units which comprise this ancient reef system are the Windjana Formation (the actual reef structures), Pillara Limestone (reef platform) and the Sadler Formation (fore-reef deposits).[3]

Deposition

The formation was deposited in the Frasnian (late Devonian).[5]

Fossil preservation

The fossils of the Gogo Formation display three-dimensional soft-tissue preservation of tissues as fragile as nerves and embryos with umbilical cords.[5] Over fifty species of fish have been described from the formation, and arthropods, including phyllocarids[6] and eurypterids[7] are similarly well-preserved.[5] Nautiloids, goniatites and tentaculids are also known from the formation, but their soft tissue is not preserved.[5]

The calcareous concretions formed around objects from the shallow reef areas which sank into the deep anoxic basins. The concretions sometimes contain the remains of fish, whose bodies are often preserved complete in three-dimensions due to rapid encasement and the slow rate of decay in the oxygen-poor surroundings. By repeated baths in a dilute acid solution, the matrix is dissolved away via a process of acid etching to reveal delicate fish fossils, some retaining impressions of soft tissues.

The discovery of Materpiscis, a placoderm preserved with an embryonic juvenile still attached by its umbilical cord, has revealed that at least some placoderms gave birth to live young.[8]

Fossil content

Placodermi

Genus Species Notes Images
Austroptyctodus A. gardinieri [9]
Bothriolepis Indeterminate [10]
Bothriolepis NT small.jpg
Bruntonichthys B. multidens [11]
Bruntonichthys multidens.jpg
Bullerichthys B. fascidens [11]
Campbellodus C. decipiens [9]
Campbellodus decipiens.jpg
Camuropiscis C. concinnus [12]
Camuropiscis species.jpg
C. laidlawi [13]
Compagopiscis C. croucheri [14]
Eastmanosteus E. calliaspis [15]
E calliaspis.png
Fallacosteus F. turneri [16]
Fallacosteus turnerae.jpg
Harrytoombsia H. elegans [17]
Harrytoombsia (Naturhistoriska Riksmuseet).jpg
Holonema H. westolli [18]
Holonema westolli.jpg
Incisoscutum I. ritchei
Incisoscutum ritchei.jpg
I. sarahae [19]
Kendrickichthys K. cavernosus [11]
Kimberleyichthys K. bispicatus [14]
K. whybrowi [14]
Materpiscis M. attenboroughi [20]
Materpiscis.png
Latocamurus L. coulthardi [21]
Latocamurus coulthardi.jpg
Mcnamaraspis M. kaprios [22]
Mcnamaraspis.png
Pinguosteus P. thulborni [16]
Pinguosteus thulborni.jpg
Rolfosteus R. canningensis [23]
Rolfosteus canningensis.jpg
Simosteus S. tuberculatus [24]
Simosteus tuberculatus.jpg
Torosteus T. tuberculatus [14]
T. pulchellus [14]
Tubonasus T. lennardensis [23]
Tubonasus lennardensis.jpg

Actinopterygii

Genus Species Notes Images
Gogosardina G. coatesi [14]
Mimipiscis M. toombsi [25]
Mimipiscis skull cropped.png
Moythomasia M. durgaringa
Moythomasia durgaringa fossil.png
M. lineata

Chondrichthyes

Genus Species Notes Images
Gogoselachus G. lynbeazleyae [26]
Gogoselachus jaw.png

Acanthodians

Genus Species Notes
Halimacanthodes H. ahlbergi [27]

Sarcopterygii

Genus Species Notes Images
Adololopas A. moyasmithae [14]
Chirodipterus C. australis [28]
Chirodipterus australis.png
cf. Diplocercides Indeterminate [29]
Diplocercides heiligostockensis.jpg
Gogodipterus G. paddyensis [30]
Gogonasus G. andrewsae [31]
Gogonasus andrewsae skull and girdle.png
Griphognathus G. whitei [28]
Griphognathus whitei skull.png
Holodipterus "H" (Holodipteroides) elderae [14]
H. gogoensis [28]
H. meemanae [14]
Onychodus O. jandemarrai [32]
Onychodus jandemarrai holotype skull.png
Pillararhynchus P. longi [33]
Rhinodipterus R. kimberleyensis [5]
Robinsondipterus R. longi [34]
Xeradipterus X. hatcheri [35]

Conodonta

Genus Species Notes
Polygnathus P. varca [36]
P. normalis [36]
P. asymmetrica asymmetrica [36]
P. asymmetrica ovalis [36]
Playfordia P. primitiva [36]
Gnamptognathus G.? lipperti [36]
G.? cf. G.? lipperti [36]
Ancyrodella A. rotundiloba alata [36]
A. rotundiloba rotundiloba [36]
Icirodus I. symmetricus [36]
Roundya A. aurita [36]

Ammonoidea

Genus Species Notes
Timanites T. angustus [36]
Tornoceras T. (T.) simplex [36]

Arthropoda

Genus Species Notes Images
Montecaris M. gogoensis Phyllocarid arthropod, reaching length up to 60 centimetres (24 in).[37]
Montecaris gogoensis.png
M. sp. indet. [37]
Schugurocaris S. wami Phyllocarid arthropod.[37]
S. sp. indet.
Dithyrocaris D. sp. indet.
Concavicaris C. campi Thylacocephalan arthropod.[6][38]
C. glenisteri
C. milesi
C. playfordi
C. sp.
Harrycaris H. whittingtoni
Adelophthalmus A. waterstoni An eurypterid. Originally described as a species of Rhenopterus.[39]
Adelophthalmus irinae.png
Undescribed eurypterid [40]
'Mushia' Common fossil from Gogo Formation, undescribed arthropod with unknown affinity.
Chemical analysis shows that is likely to be a crustacean.[40]
Mushia from Gogo Formation.png


References

  1. ↑ "The Fossil Emblem of Western Australia" Accessed 16 August 2012.
  2. ↑ Long, John (2007). Swimming in Stone: the Amazing Gogo Fossils of the Kimberley. Fremantle, W.A.: Fremantle Arts Centre. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Australian Stratigraphic Names Database". Australian Government Geoscience Australia. 2010-09-29. http://dbforms.ga.gov.au/pls/www/geodx.strat_units.sch_full?wher=stratno=7476. Retrieved 2011-03-28. 
  4. ↑ "Gogo Reef Formation". http://palaeo.gly.bris.ac.uk/palaeofiles/lagerstatten/Gogo/index.html. 
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Long, J. A.; Trinajstic, K. (2010). "The Late Devonian Gogo Formation Lägerstatte of Western Australia: Exceptional Early Vertebrate Preservation and Diversity". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 38: 255–279. doi:10.1146/annurev-earth-040809-152416. Bibcode: 2010AREPS..38..255L. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 Ian Rolfe, W. D. (1966). "Phyllocarid Crustacean Fauna of European Aspect from the Devonian of Western Australia". Nature 209 (5019): 192. doi:10.1038/209192a0. Bibcode: 1966Natur.209..192R. 
  7. ↑ Tetlie, O. E.; Braddy, S. J.; Butler, P. D.; Briggs, D. E. G. (2004). "A New Eurypterid (Chelicerata: Eurypterida) from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of Western Australia, with a Review of the Rhenopteridae". Palaeontology 47 (4): 801. doi:10.1111/j.0031-0239.2004.00390.x. Bibcode: 2004Palgy..47..801T. 
  8. ↑ "Aussie fish fossil gives birth to history" Accessed 29 May 2008.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Long, J.A. 1997. Ptyctodontid fishes (Vertebrata, Placodermi) from the Late Devonian Gogo Formation, Western Australia, with a revision of the European genus Ctenurella Orvig, 1960. Geodiversitas 19(3): 515–555.
  10. ↑ Patten, W. (July 1904). "New facts concerning Bothriolepis". Biological Bulletin 7 (2): 113–124. doi:10.2307/1535537. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 DENNIS, K. and MILES, R. S. (1980), New durophagous arthrodires from Gogo, Western Australia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 69: 43–85. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1980.tb01932.x
  12. ↑ Dennis, Kim; R. S. Miles (September 1979). "A second eubrachythoracid arthrodire from Gogo, Western Australia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 67: 1–29. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1979.tb01102.x. 
  13. ↑ Locality No. 20, Stromatoporoid Camp Area at Fossilworks.org
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 14.2 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.6 14.7 14.8 Sallan, Lauren Cole; Coates, Michael I. (2010-06-01). "End-Devonian extinction and a bottleneck in the early evolution of modern jawed vertebrates" (in en). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107 (22): 10131–10135. doi:10.1073/pnas.0914000107. ISSN 0027-8424. PMID 20479258. Bibcode: 2010PNAS..10710131S. 
  15. ↑ Dennis-Bryan, K. (1987). "A new species of eastmanosteid arthrodire (Pisces: Placodermi) from Gogo, Western Australia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 90 (1): 1–64. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1987.tb01347.x. https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-abstract/90/1/1/2658205?redirectedFrom=fulltext. 
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Long, J. A. 1990a, "Two new arthrodires (placoderm fishes) from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation, Western Australia", Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 28, De Vis Symposium Volume, pp. 51–64.
  17. ↑ "Fossilworks: Harrytoombsia". http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=34345. 
  18. ↑ Denison, Robert (1978). Placodermi Volume 2 of Handbook of Paleoichthyology'. Stuttgart New York: Gustav Fischer Verlag. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-89574-027-4
  19. ↑ J. A. Long. 1994. A second incisoscutid arthrodire (Pisces, Placodermi) from the Late Devonian Gogo Formation, Western Australia. Alcheringa 18(1-2):59-69
  20. ↑ Long, J. A.; Trinajstic, K.; Young, G. C.; Senden, T. (2008). "Live birth in the Devonian period". Nature 453 (7195): 650–652. doi:10.1038/nature06966. PMID 18509443. Bibcode: 2008Natur.453..650L. 
  21. ↑ Long, J. A. (1988). "A new camuropiscid arthrodire (Pisces: Placodermi) from Gogo, Western Australia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 94 (3): 233–258. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1988.tb01194.x. 
  22. ↑ Long, J. (1995). "A new ploudosteid arthrodire from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of Western Australia". Palaeontology. 38: 39–62.
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 Dennis, K.; Miles, R. S. (1979). "Eubrachythoracid arthrodires with tubular rostra1 plates from Gogo, Western Australia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 67 (4): 297–328. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1979.tb01118.x. 
  24. ↑ Dennis, K.; Miles, R. S. (1982). "A eubrachythoracid arthrodire with a snubnose from Gogo, Western Australia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 75 (2): 153–166. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1982.tb01945.x. 
  25. ↑ Choo, Brian (2012). "Revision of the actinopterygian genus Mimipiscis (=Mimia) from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of Western Australia and the interrelationships of the early Actinopterygii". Earth and Environmental Science Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 102 (2): 77–104. doi:10.1017/s1755691011011029. http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=8514396&fulltextType=RA&fileId=S1755691011011029. Retrieved 2012-03-29. 
  26. ↑ Long, John A.; Burrow, Carole J.; Ginter, Michal; Maisey, John G.; Trinajstic, Kate M.; Coates, Michael I.; Young, Gavin C.; Senden, Tim J. (2015-05-28). "First Shark from the Late Devonian (Frasnian) Gogo Formation, Western Australia Sheds New Light on the Development of Tessellated Calcified Cartilage". PLOS ONE 10 (5): e0126066. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0126066. ISSN 1932-6203. PMID 26020788. Bibcode: 2015PLoSO..1026066L. 
  27. ↑ Burrow, Carole J.; Trinajstic, Kate; Long, John (2012-08-01). "First acanthodian from the Upper Devonian (Frasnian) Gogo Formation, Western Australia". Historical Biology 24 (4): 349–357. doi:10.1080/08912963.2012.660150. ISSN 0891-2963. https://doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2012.660150. 
  28. ↑ 28.0 28.1 28.2 Miles, R. S. (1977). "Dipnoan (lungfish) skulls and the relationships of the group: a study based on new species from the Devonian of Australia". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 61 (1–3): 1–328. doi:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1977.tb01031.x. ISSN 0024-4082. 
  29. ↑ LONG, J.A. & TRINAJSTIC, K. 2010. The Late Devonian Gogo Formation Lagerstatte –Exceptional preservation and Diversity in early Vertebrates. Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 38: 665-680
  30. ↑ Long, John A. (1992). "Gogodipterus paddyensis (Miles), gen. nov., a new chirodipterid lungfish from the late Devonian Gogo formation, Western Australia". The Beagle: Occasional Papers of the Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences 9: 11–20. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/263113. 
  31. ↑ Long, J. A. (1985). "A new osteolepidid fish from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of Western Australia". Recs. W. A. Mus 12 (8): 361–377. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/257938747. 
  32. ↑ Andrews, Mahala; Long, John; Ahlberg, Per; Barwick, Richard; Campbell, Ken (2006). "The structure of the sarcopterygian Onychodus jandemarrai n. sp. from Gogo, Western Australia: with a functional interpretation of the skeleton". Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh 96 (3): 197–307. doi:10.1017/s0263593300001309. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/213769142. 
  33. ↑ "A Late Devonian dipnoan, Pillararhynchus, from Gogo, Western Australia, and its relationships" (in en). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/287622496. 
  34. ↑ John A. Long 2010. New holodontid lungfishes from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation of Western Australia. Pp. 275-298 in: Elliott, D.K., Maisey, J.G., Yu, X. & Miao, D. (eds): Morphology, Phylogeny and Paleobiogeography of Fossil Fishes. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, München.
  35. ↑ Alice M. Clement & John A. Long (2010). "Xeradipterus hatcheri, a new dipnoan from the Late Devonian (Frasnian) Gogo Formation, Western Australia, and other new holodontid material". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 30 (3): 681–695. doi:10.1080/02724631003763482. Bibcode: 2010JVPal..30..681C. 
  36. ↑ 36.00 36.01 36.02 36.03 36.04 36.05 36.06 36.07 36.08 36.09 36.10 36.11 36.12 Glenister, Brian F.; Klapper, Gilbert (1966). "Upper Devonian Conodonts from the Canning Basin, Western Australia". Journal of Paleontology 40 (4): 777–842. ISSN 0022-3360. https://www.jstor.org/stable/1301879. 
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 37.2 Briggs, Derek E. G.; Rolfe, W. D. Ian; Butler, Piers D.; Liston, Jeff J.; Ingham, J. Keith (2011-09-01). "Phyllocarid crustaceans from the Upper Devonian Gogo Formation, Western Australia". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 9 (3): 399–424. doi:10.1080/14772019.2010.493050. ISSN 1477-2019. https://doi.org/10.1080/14772019.2010.493050. 
  38. ↑ "CATALOGUE OF TYPE FOSSILS IN THE WESTERN AUSTRALIAN MUSEUM | Western Australian Museum" (in en). http://museum.wa.gov.au/research/records-supplements/records/catalogue-type-fossils-western-australian-museum. 
  39. ↑ Bicknell, Russell D. C.; Smith, Patrick M.; Poschmann, Markus (2020-10-01). "Re-evaluating evidence of Australian eurypterids" (in en). Gondwana Research 86: 164–181. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2020.06.002. ISSN 1342-937X. Bibcode: 2020GondR..86..164B. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1342937X20301799. 
  40. ↑ 40.0 40.1 Trinajstic, Kate; Briggs, Derek E. G.; Long, John A. (2021-11-23). "The Gogo Formation Lagerstätte: a view of Australia's first great barrier reef". Journal of the Geological Society 179 (1). doi:10.1144/jgs2021-105. ISSN 0016-7649. https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2021-105. 



Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Earth:Gogo_Formation&oldid=3293370"