Earth:List of sting jet cyclones

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This is a list of documented and unconfirmed sting jet occurrences.

List of sting jet cyclones

Cyclone Type Date Reference Location
Great storm of 1987 European windstorm October 15–17, 1987 [1][2][3] Southern England
Oratia European windstorm October 30, 2000 [3][4] North Sea (Lincolnshire to Norway)
Anna European windstorm February 26, 2002 [5] Central Pennines, England
Jeanette European windstorm October 27, 2002 [6][7] Wales and the English Midlands
Erwin (Gudrun) European windstorm January 2005 [7][8][9][10] Northern England
Unnamed Extratropical cyclone December 7–8, 2005 [11] East of Canada
Friedhelm European windstorm December 8, 2011 [12][13][14] Central Belt, Scotland
Ulli European windstorm January 3–4, 2012 [15][16][17][18][19][20] Central Belt, Scotland
St Jude storm
(a.k.a. Cyclone Christian) 		European windstorm October 28, 2013 [21][22][11] Possibly developing over East Anglia then over the North Sea, skirting the Netherlands coast to Germany and Denmark.
Cyclone Tini/Storm Darwin European windstorm February 12, 2014 [23][11] Southern Ireland, Irish Sea, Wales.
Egon European windstorm January 12–13, 2017 [24][25] Northern France, South-West Germany
Hurricane Humberto (2019) Hurricane September 19, 2019 [26] Bermuda
Storm Eunice European Windstorm February 14-18, 2022 [27] Isle of Wight, Southern England
Storm Goretti European Windstorm January 6-10, 2026 [28] [West Cornwall, Channel Islands, Northern France
Storm Kristin European Windstorm January 28, 2026 [29] Portugal

List of unconfirmed sting jets

Cyclone Type Date Reference Location
New Year's Day Storm European windstorm January 1, 1992 [30][31] Norway
Renate European windstorm October 3, 2006 [31] Bay of Biscay and Aquitaine, France
"Oeste storm" European windstorm December 23, 2009 [32] Portugal
October 2010 North American storm complex Great Lakes cyclone October 26–27, 2010 [15] Midwest, USA
2011 Halloween nor'easter Nor'easter October 30–31, 2011 [15][33] Northeastern US
Unnamed Extratropical cyclone March 12, 2012 [34] Upper Midwest, USA
Unnamed Black Sea cyclone December 2–3, 2012 [35] Romania and the Black Sea
Gong European windstorm January 19, 2013 [32] Portugal
Arthur Extratropical cyclone (ex–Hurricane) July 5, 2014 [36][37] Canadian Maritimes
Elon (Nathan) European windstorm January 9, 2015 [38][39][40] Scotland
Zeus European windstorm March 6, 2017 [41] Brittany, France
Unnamed Low-pressure area May 4, 2018 [42] Southern Ontario, Canada
Hurricane Milton Hurricane October 9-10, 2024 [43] Florida, US

References

  1. ↑ Browning, K. A. (2004). "The sting at the end of the tail: Damaging winds associated with extratropical cyclones". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 130 (597): 375–399. doi:10.1256/qj.02.143. Bibcode: 2004QJRMS.130..375B. 
  2. ↑ Clark, P. A.; Browning, K. A.; Wang, C. (2005). "The sting at the end of the tail: Model diagnostics of fine-scale three-dimensional structure of the cloud head". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 131 (610): 2263–2292. doi:10.1256/qj.04.36. Bibcode: 2005QJRMS.131.2263C. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "A sting in the tale of the Great Storm". Daily Telegraph. 18 June 2003. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/education/4793429/A-sting-in-the-tale-of-the-Great-Storm.html. 
  4. ↑ Hewson, Tim (2001). "The North Sea storm of 30 October 2000". Weather 56 (3): 115–116. doi:10.1002/j.1477-8696.2001.tb06547.x. Bibcode: 2001Wthr...56..115H. 
  5. ↑ Martínez-Alvarado, Oscar; Florian Weidle; Suzanne L. Gray (2010). "Sting Jets in Simulations of a Real Cyclone by Two Mesoscale Models". Monthly Weather Review 138 (11): 4054–4075. doi:10.1175/2010MWR3290.1. Bibcode: 2010MWRv..138.4054M. http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/17753/1/2010mwr3290%252E1.pdf. 
  6. ↑ Parton, G. A.; Vaughan, G.; Norton, E. G.; Browning, K. A.; Clark, P. A. (2009). "Wind profiler observations of a sting jet". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 135 (640): 663–680. doi:10.1002/qj.398. Bibcode: 2009QJRMS.135..663P. 
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 Baker, Laura (2009). "Sting jets in severe northern European wind storms". Weather 64 (6): 143–148. doi:10.1002/wea.397. Bibcode: 2009Wthr...64..143B. 
  8. ↑ Knox (2011). "Non-Convective High Winds Associated with Extratropical Cyclones". Geography Compass 5/2. http://www.sercc.com/Knox_etal_Compass.pdf. 
  9. ↑ "stingjets". Geographical Association. http://www.geography.org.uk/download/GA_FloodingCarlisleStingJets.pdf. 
  10. ↑ "Case analysis of Gudrun". Department of Meteorology, University of Reading. http://www.met.reading.ac.uk/~rx738026/stingjet/gudrun.html. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Clark, Peter A.; Gray, Suzanne L. (April 2018). "Sting jets in extratropical cyclones: a review". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 144 (713): 943–969. doi:10.1002/qj.3267. Bibcode: 2018QJRMS.144..943C. 
  12. ↑ "Weather: A storm called Friedhelm". Meteogroup. http://www.meteogroup.co.uk/weather-news/news/ch/3d9003faf69698553efe8e9eb170ae75/article/a_storm_called_friedhelm.html. 
  13. ↑ "Northern UK, Scotland Battered by Windstorm Friedhelm: AIR Analysis". AIR worldwide. 12 December 2011. http://www.insurancejournal.com/news/international/2011/12/12/226928.htm. 
  14. ↑ "Cyclone Friedhelm: a potential sting jet case". NCAS blog, Leeds University. http://ncasweb.leeds.ac.uk/diamet/index.php?view=article&catid=48%3Ablog&id=101%3Acyclone-friedhelm-a-potential-sting-jet-case&format=pdf&option=com_content&Itemid=60. 
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 "Non-Convective High Wind Events: Investigating the Influence of Stratospheric Intrusions on Non-Convective High Wind Events Using RGB Air Mass Product". Saint Louis University Center for Environmental Sciences. http://www.ces.slu.edu/Projects/DEVELOP/Project_Reports/2012_SLU_Tech_Paper_Final.pdf. 
  16. ↑ "Winter storm blasts the UK" (flash). Weather. BBC. http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/feeds/16394412. 
  17. ↑ ""Sting Jet" signature associated with a high wind event in Scotland". Space Science and Engineering Center CIMSS Satellite Blog. 3 January 2012. http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/blog/archives/9502. 
  18. ↑ Grumm, Richard H.. "Scottish Windstorm 3 January 2012". National Weather Service-Pennsylvania State University Weather Events. National Weather Service-Pennsylvania State University. http://nws.met.psu.edu/severe/2012/03Jan2012.pdf. 
  19. ↑ "Sting jet signature associated with a high wind event in Scotland (storm Ulli, 3 January 2012)". Eumetsat. http://oiswww.eumetsat.org/WEBOPS/iotm/iotm/20120103_sting/20120103_sting.html. 
  20. ↑ Smart, D. J.; Browning, K. A. (January 2014). "Attribution of strong winds to a cold conveyor belt and sting jet". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 140 (679): 595–610. doi:10.1002/qj.2162. Bibcode: 2014QJRMS.140..595S. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281108319. Retrieved 4 October 2015. 
  21. ↑ "Orkan Christian". http://www.wzforum.de/forum2/read.php?37,2763284. 
  22. ↑ Hammond, John (30 October 2013). "How 'Sting Jets' influence our weather". BBC Weather. http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/feeds/24744462. 
  23. ↑ Volonte, Ambrogio; Clark, Peter A.; Grey, Suzanne L. (2015). "Sting Jet analyses in extratropical cyclones". Swiss Climate Summer School 2015: Extreme Events and Climate. http://www.c2sm.ethz.ch/content/dam/ethz/special-interest/usys/c2sm-dam/education/SCSS2015_PosterAbstract_Participants.pdf. Retrieved 5 October 2015. 
  24. ↑ Eisenstein, Lea; Pantillon, Florian; Knippertz, Peter (2020). "Dynamics of sting-jet storm Egon over continental Europe: Impact of surface properties and model resolution". Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 146 (726): 186–210. doi:10.1002/qj.3666. Bibcode: 2020QJRMS.146..186E. 
  25. ↑ @KeraunosObs (12 January 2017). "L'image vapeur d'eau pourrait suggérer le développement d'un sting jet (courant-jet d'occlusion), d'où ces violentes rafales #tempête #Egon" (in French). https://twitter.com/KeraunosObs/status/819617777354948608. 
  26. ↑ Stacy R. Stewart (February 19, 2020). Tropical Cyclone Report: Hurricane Humberto (Report). National Hurricane Center. https://www.nhc.noaa.gov/data/tcr/AL092019_Humberto.pdf. Retrieved February 25, 2020. 
  27. ↑ Volonté, Ambrogio; Gray, Suzanne L.; Clark, Peter A.; Martínez-Alvarado, Oscar; Ackerley, Duncan (2023-05-29). "Strong surface winds in Storm Eunice . Part 1: storm overview and indications of sting jet activity from observations and model data" (in en). Weather 79 (2): 40–45. doi:10.1002/wea.4402. ISSN 0043-1656. 
  28. ↑ https://www.severe-weather.eu/global-weather/storm-goretti-sting-jet-english-channel-england-france-snow-western-europe-mk/
  29. ↑ "IPMA - Detalhe noticia". https://www.ipma.pt/pt/media/noticias/news.detail.jsp?y=2026&f=Tempestade_kristin_portugal_continental.html. 
  30. ↑ GRONAS, SIGBJORN (September 1995). "The seclusion intensification of the New Year's day storm 1992". Tellus A 47 (5): 733–746. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0870.1995.00116.x. Bibcode: 1995TellA..47..733G. 
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 Hewson, Tim D.; Neu, URS (31 August 2015). "Cyclones, windstorms and the IMILAST project". Tellus A 67. doi:10.3402/tellusa.v67.27128. Bibcode: 2015TellA..6727128H. http://www.tellusa.net/index.php/tellusa/article/view/27128. Retrieved 21 October 2015. 
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 Miranda, Pedro (2014). "Dynamics of the Gong windstorm (Jan 2013) in the context of a 20-year high-resolution simulation of Iberian climate". EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts 16: 11868. Bibcode: 2014EGUGA..1611868M. http://meetingorganizer.copernicus.org/EGU2014/EGU2014-11868.pdf. Retrieved 7 September 2014. 
  33. ↑ "NASA DEVELOP Summer 2012 Project Summary". Saint Louis University Center for Environmental Sciences. http://www.ces.slu.edu/Projects/DEVELOP/2012_Develop.php. 
  34. ↑ "Possible Sting Jet in Upper Midwest". Space Science and Engineering Centre CIMSS Satellite Blog. 12 March 2012. http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/blog/archives/9955. 
  35. ↑ Brâncuş, Mihaela; Schultz, David M.; Antonescu, Bogdan; Dearden, Christopher; Ştefan, Sabina (October 2019). "Origin of Strong Winds in an Explosive Mediterranean Extratropical Cyclone". Monthly Weather Review 147 (10): 3649–3671. doi:10.1175/MWR-D-19-0009.1. Bibcode: 2019MWRv..147.3649B. 
  36. ↑ "Tropical Cyclone Information Statement for Post-Tropical Cyclone Arthur". Canadian Hurricane Centre (Environment Canada). 6 June 2014. http://www.atl.ec.gc.ca/weather/hurricane/bulletins/20140706193249.Arthur.info.txt.en. 
  37. ↑ "Hurricane Arthur transitions to an extratropical cyclone". University of Wisconsin-Madison/ Space Science and Engineering Center CIMSS Satellite Blog. 6 July 2014. http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/blog/archives/16087. 
  38. ↑ "Metcheck Facebook page". https://www.facebook.com/Metcheck/photos/a.345060918950805.1073741825.234476510009247/633489196774641. 
  39. ↑ "Storm Forecast". European Storm Forecast Experiment. http://www.estofex.org/cgi-bin/polygon/showforecast.cgi?text=yes&fcstfile=2015011006_201501082125_2_stormforecast.xml. 
  40. ↑ "Thema Des tages 16 Jan 2015: Wenn der Skorpion zusticht". DWD. 16 January 2015. http://www.dwd.de/DE/wetter/thema_des_tages/2015/1/16.html. 
  41. ↑ "Violente tempête de la Bretagne au centre-est avec des orages le 6 mars - KERAUNOS, Observatoire français des tornades et orages violents" (in fr). www.keraunos.org (www.keraunos.org). 6 March 2017. http://www.keraunos.org/actualites/fil-infos/2017/mars/violente-tempete-zeus-records-vent-rafales-6-mars-2017-bretagne-massif-central-centre-alpes. 
  42. ↑ "Powerful winds blast Ontario and Quebec, 3 dead". The Weather Network. 6 May 2018. https://www.theweathernetwork.com/news/articles/ontario-wind-storm-in-photos-stormwatch/100903. 
  43. ↑ Korosec, Marko (13 October 2024). "What is a Sting Jet?". https://www.severe-weather.eu/learnweather/severe-weather-theory/what-is-a-sting-jet-mk/. 



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