Earth:Sânpetru Formation

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Sânpetru Formation
Stratigraphic range: Early Maastrichtian
~70–68 Ma
↓
Sibișel River near the Sânpetru Formation
TypeGeological formation
Sub-unitsLower & Upper Members
UnderliesMiocene deposits
OverliesStrei Formation, flysch
Thickness2,500 m (8,200 ft)
of which 860 m (2,820 ft) exposed
Lithology
PrimaryMudstone, sandstone
OtherConglomerate
Location
Coordinates [ ⚑ ] : 45°36′N 22°54′E / 45.6°N 22.9°E / 45.6; 22.9
Paleocoordinates [ ⚑ ] 30°30′N 22°06′E / 30.5°N 22.1°E / 30.5; 22.1
RegionHunedoara
CountryRomania
ExtentCentral Hațeg Basin
Type section
Named forSânpetru
Sânpetru Formation is located in Romania
Sânpetru Formation
Sânpetru Formation (Romania)

The Sânpetru Formation is an early Maastrichtian geologic formation. Dinosaur remains are among the fossils that have been recovered from the formation.[1] It is located in Romania, near Sânpetru village, part of Sântămăria-Orlea commune. It forms a component of the Hațeg Island fauna.

Description

The Sânpetru Formation crops out in the central to southern Hațeg Basin along the Bărbat River and comprises sandstones and mudstones deposited in a wet floodplain environment characterized by braided fluvial channels. The formation is correlated with the Densuș-Ciula Formation of the northern section of the same basin, both dating to the Maastrichtian of the Late Cretaceous.[2]

Fossil content

Color key
Taxon Reclassified taxon Taxon falsely reported as present Dubious taxon or junior synonym Ichnotaxon Ootaxon Morphotaxon
Notes
Uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text; crossed out taxa are discredited.

Amphibians

Amphibians of the Sânpetru Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes Images
Albanerpeton Indeterminate Albanerpetontid
Paralatonia P. transylvanica Frog

Turtles

Turtles of the Sânpetru Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes Images
Kallokibotion K. bajazidi
Dortokidae Indeterminate
Emydidae Indeterminate

Squamates

Squamates of the Sânpetru Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes Images
Barbatteius B. vremiri
Becklesius B. nopcsai
Bicuspidon B. hatzegiensis
Lacertilia Indeterminate 5 distinct taxa
Madtsoiidae Indeterminate Snake

Crocodyliformes

Crocodyliformes of the Sânpetru Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes Images
Allodaposuchus[3] Indeterminate
Sabresuchus S. sympiestodon

Ornithischians

Ornithischians of the Sânpetru Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes Images
Struthiosaurus[4] S. transylvanicus[4] Sânpetru A skull and partial skeleton. A nodosaur.
Telmatosaurus[4][5] T. transsylvanicus[4] "[Five to ten] fragmentary skulls, some with associated postcrania, mixed age classes."[6] A small hadrosauromorph.
Zalmoxes[7] Z. robustus Many remains Originally identified as a rhabdodontid ornithopod, but possibly a ceratopsian closely related to Ajkaceratops and Ferenceratops
F. shqiperorum[4] Sibișel Valley Upper A left dentary, sacrum, right scapula, right coracoid, partial left ilium, partial right ilium, right ischium, left distal ischium and left femur. Originally "Zalmoxes" shqiperorum but subsequently recognized as a distinct ceratopsian taxon closely related to Ajkaceratops

Sauropods

Sauropods of the Sânpetru Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Abundance Notes Images
Magyarosaurus[4] M. dacus[4] A dwarf sauropod.
Paludititan[8] P. nalatzensis A partial skeleton lacking the skull. A dwarf sauropod
Dorsal vertebra of Paludititan
Dorsal vertebra of Paludititan
Petrustitan[9] P. hungaricus Sibișel River Valley. Upper Partial skeleton composed of caudal vertebrae, right ulna, right radius, right metacarpal, right ilium, and left fibula. A dwarf sauropod, originally assigned to the genus Magyarosaurus

Theropods

Theropods of the Sânpetru Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Gargantuavis Indeterminate Pelvis[10] Gargantuavis
Bradycneme[4] B. draculae[4] "Distal tibiotarsus."[11] Bradycneme
Elopteryx[4][12] E. nopcsai[4] "Fragmentary femur."[11]
Euronychodon[13] Indeterminate[13]
Heptasteornis[4] H. andrewsi[4] "Distal tibiotarsus."[14]
Megalosaurus[4] M. hungaricus "Tooth."[15]

Pterosaurs

Pterosaurs reported from the Sânpetru Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Eurazhdarcho E.langendorfensis An azhdarchid pterosaur.
Hatzegopteryx H.thambema A giant azhdarchid pterosaur.

Mammals

Mammals from the Sânpetru Formation
Genus Species Location Stratigraphic position Material Notes Images
Barbatodon B. transylvanicus Kogaionid
Kogaionon K. ungureanui Kogaionid

See also

  • List of fossiliferous stratigraphic units in Romania
  • List of dinosaur-bearing rock formations
  • Hațeg Island

References

  1. ↑ Weishampel, et al. (2004). "Dinosaur distribution." Pp. 517-607.
  2. ↑ Solomon & Codrea, 2015, p.26
  3. ↑ Solomon & Codrea, 2015, p.28
  4. ↑ 4.00 4.01 4.02 4.03 4.04 4.05 4.06 4.07 4.08 4.09 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 "29.3 Judetul Hunedoara, Romania; 1. Sânpetru Formation," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Pages 592-593.
  5. ↑ Solomon & Codrea, 2015, p.30
  6. ↑ "Table 20.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 439.
  7. ↑ Weishampel, Dave; Csiki-Sava, Zoltan; Norman, David (January 2003). "Osteology and phylogeny of Zalmoxes (n. g.), an unusual Euornithopod dinosaur from the latest Cretaceous of Romania". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 1 (2): 65–123. doi:10.1017/S1477201903001032. Bibcode: 2003JSPal...1...65W. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/248623465. Retrieved 24 February 2021. 
  8. ↑ Csiki, Z.; Codrea, V.; Jipa-Murzea, C.; Godefroit, P. (2010). "A partial titanosaur (Sauropoda, Dinosauria) skeleton from the Maastrichtian of Nălaț-Vad, Hațeg Basin, Romania". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 258 (3): 297–324. doi:10.1127/0077-7749/2010/0098. 
  9. ↑ Díaz, Verónica Díez; Mannion, Philip D.; Csiki-Sava, Zoltán; Upchurch, Paul (20 February 2025). "Revision of Romanian sauropod dinosaurs reveals high titanosaur diversity and body-size disparity on the latest Cretaceous Haţeg Island, with implications for titanosaurian biogeography". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 23 (1). doi:10.1080/14772019.2024.2441516. 
  10. ↑ Mayr et al., 2019
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 "Table 9.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 185.
  12. ↑ Kessler et al., 2005
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 Listed as "cf. Euronychodon sp." in "29.3 Judetul Hunedoara, Romania; 1. Sânpetru Formation," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Pages 592-593.
  14. ↑ "Table 9.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 186.
  15. ↑ "Table 4.1," in Weishampel, et al. (2004). Page 78.

Bibliography

  • Mayr, Gerald; Codrea, Vlad; Solomon, Alexandru; Bordeianu, Marian; Smith, Thierry (2019), "A well-preserved pelvis from the Maastrichtian of Romania suggests that the enigmatic Gargantuavis is neither an ornithurine bird nor an insular endemic", Cretaceous Research 106, doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2019.104271 
  • Solomon, Alexandru; Codrea, Vlad (2015), "Some Maastrichtian vertebrates from fluvial channel fill deposits at Pui (Hațeg Basin)", Muzeul Olteniei Craiova. Oltenia. Studii și comunicări. Științele Naturii 31: 26–36, ISSN 1454-6914 
  • Kessler, E.; Grigorescu, D.; Csiki, Z. (2005), "Elopteryx revisited - A new bird-like specimen from the Maastrichtian of the Hațeg Basin (Romania)", Acta Palaeontologica Romaniae 5: 249–258 
  • Weishampel, David B.; Dodson, Peter; Osmólska, Halszka (2004), The Dinosauria, 2nd edition, Berkeley: University of California Press, pp. 1–880, ISBN 0-520-24209-2, https://books.google.com/books?id=vtZFDb_iw40C, retrieved 2019-02-21 



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