Engineering:BMW N47
| BMW N47 engine | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Overview | |
| Manufacturer | BMW |
| Production | March 2007 - September 2014 |
| Layout | |
| Configuration | Straight-4 |
| Displacement | 1.6 L (1,598 cc) 2.0 L (1,995 cc) |
| Cylinder bore | 78 mm (3.1 in) 84 mm (3.3 in) |
| Piston stroke | 83.6 mm (3.29 in) 90 mm (3.54 in) |
| Compression ratio | 16.1:1-16.5:1 |
| Combustion | |
| Turbocharger | Variable-geometry turbocharger sequential twin-turbo (some versions) |
| Fuel system | Common rail direct injection |
| Fuel type | Diesel fuel (DIN EN 590) |
| Cooling system | Water-cooled |
| Output | |
| Power output | 70–160 kW (94–215 hp) |
| Torque output | 235–450 N⋅m (173–332 lb⋅ft) |
| Emissions | |
| Emissions control technology | EGR DPF |
| Chronology | |
| Predecessor | BMW M47 |
| Successor | BMW B37 (D16, 1.6L), BMW B47 (D20, 2.0L) |
BMW N47 is a four-cylinder common rail diesel engine that has many improvements over its predecessor, the M47. In 2014 it was replaced with the B47. The USA market never received B47 engine. The only B engine in the US for a diesel was a B57 (6 cyl) in 2018 540d. The newest 4 cylinder diesel in the US was N47TU.
First use
The N47 engine debuted in March 2007 in the facelifted 1 Series BMW E87 and E81 and was available in the 1 Series BMW E82 and E88, which were introduced later in the same year.
Usage in other models
The engine also became available in the 5 Series BMW E60 and E61 from September 2007, several months after the 5 series was face lifted, during which time the older M47 remained available.
In the 2008 model year 3 Series E90/E91/E92/E93 when the entire 3 series range gained the company's Efficient Dynamics technology. Not long after it became available in the X3 and has since then became available in the X1.
The N47 comes as a 1.6 L; 97.5 cu in (1,598 cc) (D16) and 2.0 L; 121.7 cu in (1,995 cc) (D20) unit, the latter identical in capacity to the M47TU/TU2 series.
1.6 L (97.5 cu in, 1,598 cc, D16)
70 kW version
The 70 kW (94 hp) tune was used in the F20 114d.
85 kW version
The 85 kW (114 hp) tune was used in the F20 116d EfficientDynamics version.
It features the exact same performance figures on paper as the regular 116d (which utilises the D20 in an 85 kW variant) despite the smaller engine size.
2.0 L (121.7 cu in, 1,995 cc, D20)
85 kW version
The 85 kW (114 hp) tune is for the entry level E81 and E87 116d, as well as the entry level 3 Series E90 316d. It was also used in the 3 Series F30 316d.
105 kW version
The 105 kW (141 hp) model was used in the following:
- E81, E82, E87 and E88 118d
- E90 and E91 318d
- F20 118d
- F30 and F31 318d
- 2009–2015 BMW E84 sDrive18d and xDrive18d
- 2010–2016 MINI Countryman Cooper SD (R60)
- 2010–2014 MINI Cooper SD (R56)
- 2010–2015 MINI Cabrio Cooper SD (R57)
- 2010–2015 MINI Coupe Cooper SD (R58)
- 2012–2015 MINI Roadster Cooper SD (R59)
- 2013–2016 MINI Paceman Cooper SD (R61)
- 2014–2015 F22 218d
- X3 sDrive18d.
120 kW version
A new 120 kW (161 hp) 360 N⋅m (266 lb⋅ft) derivative was introduced in September 2009 for the 2010 model year. This version featured exceptionally low CO
2 emissions of only 109 g/km (6.2 oz/mi) and fuel consumption of 68.9 mpg .[1]
This version was used in the E90 BMW 320d Efficient Dynamics and 520d F07/F10/F11.
130 kW version
The "standard" x20d model has extra power, producing 130 kW (174 hp) but 7 lb⋅ft (9 N⋅m) of torque less at 350 N⋅m (258 lb⋅ft). This is found in the
- E81/E82/E87/E88 120d
- E90/E91/E92/E93 320d
- F30/F31/F34/F35 320d
- 5 Series E60 and E61 520d
- E84 X1 X1 sDrive20d, X1 xDrive20d and E83 X3 xDrive20d.
- 2014–2015 F22 220d
In Europe, this particular version is one of the most popular engines in the entire range; the best selling 3 series is the 320d, while the 520d is the UK's best selling 5 series.[2]
The updated version of this engine introduced in March 2010 produces 135 kW (181 hp) at 4000 rpm and 380 N⋅m (280 lb⋅ft) at 1750-2750 rpm.
Twin power turbo version
In October 2007, BMW introduced a twin sequential turbo model. With 150 kW (201 hp), it is the first production diesel on sale to achieve a specific output of over 100 hp (75 kW) per liter. It uses the same turbo technology first shown in the E60 535d.
The 150 kW (201 hp) model was used in the
- E81/E82/E87/E88 123d
- E84 X1 xDrive 23d
- 2014–2015 F22 225d
Later, the engine received an update which boosted the output to 160 kW (215 hp) and was used on these models:
Variants
| Engine | Displacement | Compression Ratio | Power | Torque | Years |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N47D16 | 1.6 L (1,598 cc) | 16.5:1 | 70 kW (94 hp) at 4000 rpm | 235 N⋅m (173 lb⋅ft) at 1500-2750 rpm | 2013 |
| 85 kW (114 hp) at 4000 rpm | 260 N⋅m (192 lb⋅ft) at 1500-2750 rpm | 2012 | |||
| N47D20 | 2.0 L (1,995 cc) | 16.5:1 | 85 kW (114 hp) at 4000 rpm | 260 N⋅m (192 lb⋅ft) at 1750 rpm | 09/2009 |
| 105 kW (141 hp) at 4000 rpm | 300 N⋅m (221 lb⋅ft) at 3000 rpm | 03/2007 | |||
| 120 kW (161 hp) at 4000 rpm | 340 N⋅m (251 lb⋅ft) at 2000 rpm | 09/2009 | |||
| 130 kW (174 hp) at 4000 rpm | 350 N⋅m (258 lb⋅ft) at 3000 rpm | 03/2007 | |||
| 135 kW (181 hp) at 4000 rpm | 380 N⋅m (280 lb⋅ft) at 2750 rpm | 03/2010 | |||
| 16.1:1 | 150 kW (201 hp) at 4400 rpm | 400 N⋅m (295 lb⋅ft) at 2000 rpm | 03/2010 | ||
| 16.5:1 | 160 kW (215 hp) at 4400 rpm | 450 N⋅m (332 lb⋅ft) at 2500 rpm | 2011 |
Timing chain problems
The N47 engine family is prone to excessive timing chain wear and premature failure.[3] Rattling noise from the rear of the engine is indicative of the condition. Timing chain failure may call for engine replacement or a costly repair. The most seriously affected units which require the most extensive repairs were produced from 01.03.2007 to 05.01.2009.[4] However, there have been frequent reports of timing chain failure in 1, 3 and 5 series BMW engines manufactured from as early as 2004 until at least 2011 in diesel versions. At times the failure has resulted in a dangerous cut out of the engine while the vehicle was being driven - sometimes at relatively high speed. A "Quality Enhancement" was issued by BMW for some, but not all vehicles, but has since been discontinued.
Other issues
The return spring on the turbo's wastegate was not originally lubricated or covered, this frequently resulted in early failure causing the waste-gate to remain partially or fully open. With the subsequent loss in compression, fuel consumption increased by 30–50%. The problem was described by BMW engineers as a "known fault" and was immediately repaired (BMW mobile engineers even carried boxes of an improved spring), however BMW refused to compensate customers for the excessive fuel consumption and denied this fault was their liability.
As the cars equipped with this engine are coming of age, some hoses in the engine bay can start to break down. This is not to be ignored, even though this does not illuminate the CEL, it just sets a code in the ECU. If the vacuum hose supplying the EGR cooler bypass valve gets a hole rubbed in it, or breaks down from old age and oil spray, the EGR cooler won't get bypassed during the engine warmup period. This causes excessive buildup in the cooler matrix, and when the engine warms up these solid chunks of buildup can detach from the EGR cooler and get sucked into the plastic intake tube, melting holes in the intake tube, causing a massive boost leak and in very rare cases an engine fire. BMW has issued a recall to over 1.6 million vehicles in 2018 for the EGR issues.[5]
References
- ↑ "BMW 320d EfficientDynamics Edition coming to Frankfurt with 57 mpg". egmCarTech. 2009-08-21. http://www.egmcartech.com/2009/08/21/bmw-320d-efficientdynamics-edition-coming-to-frankfurt-with-57-mpg/. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
- ↑ "BMW 520d SE". FleetNews. 2007-10-17. http://www.fleetnews.co.uk/roadtests/story/index_print.asp?rtID=45251. Retrieved 2017-12-13.[yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
- ↑ "BMW 1 Series E81/E87 2004 - Car Review". Honest John. http://www.honestjohn.co.uk/carbycar/bmw/1-series-e81e87-2004/. Retrieved 2011-10-23.
- ↑ "BBC One - Watchdog - BMW deny engine failures are due to manufacturing fault". Bbc.co.uk. http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b006mg74/features/bmw-chains-snap-n47-engine-2007-2009. Retrieved 2017-01-23.
- ↑ "Massive BMW diesel engine recall is expanded". https://www.motoringresearch.com/car-news/bmw-diesel-engine-recall-expanded/.
External links
- The UnixNerd's BMW N47 engine page with photos, history and common problems.
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