Engineering:List of high-speed trains

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The following is a list of high-speed trains that have been, are, or will be in commercial service.

A high-speed train is generally defined as one which operates at or over 125 mph (200 km/h) in regular passenger service, with a high level of service, and often comprising multi-powered elements.[1][2][3]

In these tables, two or three maximum speeds are given: the column "Operated" refers to the maximum speed reached by the train in commercial operations, while the column "Design" refers to the theoretical maximum speed in commercial operations as announced by the manufacturer. Finally, a third "Record" speed may also be listed if there is an independently verified speed record.

Multiple units

High-speed trains currently or soon in service

Name Operators Family Manufacturer Power
distribution 		Power supply Maximum speed (km/h) In
Service 		Picture
Operated Designed Record
Acela Express
(1st generation) 		United States Amtrak TGV & LRC derived Alstom
Bombardier 		concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 60 Hz AC
12 kV 60 Hz AC
12 kV 25 Hz AC 		240 (150 mph) 266 (165 mph) 266 (165 mph) 2000
Afrosiyob Uzbekistan Uzbekistan Railways Talgo 250 Talgo concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 50 Hz AC 250 250 210


2011 125px
AGV 575 Italy NTV AGV Alstom distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC
3 kV DC 		300 360 360


2012 125px
Alfa Pendular Portugal CP Pendolino Fiat Ferroviaria
Adtranz
Siemens 		distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 220[4] 250 210


1999[4] 125px
American Pioneer 220 United States Brightline West Velaro Siemens Mobility distributed 25 kV 60 Hz AC 380 (240 mph) 210


2027
Alvia Class 120, 121
(variable gauge) 		Spain Renfe CAF
Alstom 		distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC
3 kV DC 		250 250 250


2004 125px
Alvia Class 130 (variable gauge) Talgo 250 Talgo
Bombardier 		concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 50 Hz AC
3 kV DC 		250 250 250


2007 125px
Alvia Class 730
(variable gauge) 		concentrated (2 electric power cars, 2 diesel-generator trailers) 25 kV 50 Hz AC
3 kV DC
Diesel (electric transmission) 		2012 125px
Avant Class 104 Pendolino Alstom
CAF 		distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 250 250 250


2003 125px
Avant Class 114 New Pendolino Alstom distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 250 250 250


2009 125px
AVE Class 100 TGV GEC-Alstom
CAF 		concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 50 Hz AC
3 kV DC 		300 300 357 1992 125px
AVE Class 102, 112 Talgo 350 Talgo
Bombardier 		concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 50 Hz AC 300 350 365 2005 125px
AVE Class 103 Velaro Siemens distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 300 380 403.7[5] 2006 125px
AVE Class 106 Talgo AVRIL Talgo
Bombardier 		concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 50 Hz AC
3 kV DC
1.5 kV DC 		300 380 363 2024 125px
Avelia Liberty United States Amtrak TGV & New Pendolino derived Alstom concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 60 Hz AC
12 kV 60 Hz AC
12 kV 25 Hz AC 		260 (160 mph) 350 (220 mph)[6] 210


2025
Bely Krechet Russia RZD Ural Locomotives distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 400 2028 125px
BR Class 43
(InterCity 125) 		United Kingdom ScotRail
United Kingdom Great Western Railway
United Kingdom Network Rail
United Kingdom Colas Rail
United Kingdom Locomotive Services Limited
United Kingdom RailAdventure
Mexico Tren Interoceánico
Nigeria Lagos Rail Mass Transit 		HST BREL concentrated (2 power cars) Diesel (electric transmission) 201 (125 mph) 201 (125 mph) 238 (148 mph) 1976 125px
BR Class 180 Alstom Coradia Template:Country data GB Grand Central Coradia Alstom distributed Diesel (hydraulic transmission) 201 (125 mph) 201 (125 mph) 200


2002 125px
BR Class 220 United Kingdom CrossCountry Voyager Bombardier distributed Diesel (electric transmission) 201 (125 mph) 201 (125 mph) 200


2001 125px
BR Class 221 Bombardier Voyager United Kingdom CrossCountry
Template:Country data GB Grand Central 		Bombardier distributed Diesel (electric transmission) 201 (125 mph) 201 (125 mph) 200


2002 Avanti Voyager departing Rugby 11.21
BR Class 222 United Kingdom East Midlands Railway Bombardier distributed Diesel (electric transmission) 201 (125 mph) 201 (125 mph) 200


2004 125px
BR Class 390 Alstom Pendolino United Kingdom Avanti West Coast Pendolino Alstom distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 201 (125 mph) 225 (140 mph) 248 (154 mph) 2002 125px
BR Class 395 Javelin Hitachi AT300 United Kingdom Southeastern A-train Hitachi Rail distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC
750 V DC (3rd rail) 		225 (140 mph) 225 (140 mph) 252 (157 mph)[7] 2009 125px
BR Class 397 United Kingdom TransPennine Express CAF Civity CAF distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 201 (125 mph) 201 (125 mph) 210


2019 125px
BR Class 800 United Kingdom Great Western Railway
United Kingdom London North Eastern Railway 		A-train Hitachi Rail distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC
Diesel (electric transmission) 		201 (125 mph) 225 (140 mph) 225


2017 125px
BR Class 801 United Kingdom London North Eastern Railway Hitachi Rail distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 201 (125 mph) 225 (140 mph) 225


2019 125px
BR Class 802 United Kingdom Great Western Railway
United Kingdom Hull Trains
United Kingdom TransPennine Express 		Hitachi Rail distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC
Diesel (electric transmission) 		201 (125 mph) 225 (140 mph) 225


2018 125px
BR Class 803 United Kingdom Lumo Hitachi Rail distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 201 (125 mph) 225 (140 mph) 225


2021 125px
BR Class 805 United Kingdom Avanti West Coast Hitachi Rail distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC
Diesel (electric transmission) 		177 (110 mph) 225 (140 mph) 225


2024 125px
BR Class 807 United Kingdom Avanti West Coast Hitachi Rail distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 177 (110 mph) 225 (140 mph) 225


2024 125px
BR Class 810 United Kingdom East Midlands Railway Hitachi Rail distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC
Diesel (electric transmission) 		225 (140 mph) 225


2025 125px
BR Class 895 United Kingdom HS2 Operator Zefiro Alstom/Hitachi distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 360 (220 mph) 360


2033
BR Class 897 United Kingdom London North Eastern Railway CAF Civity CAF distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC
Diesel (battery)(electric transmission) 		201 (125 mph) 201


2027
CRH1A & CRH1B China China Railway Regina Bombardier
CSR Sifang 		distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 250 250 278 2007 125px
CRH1E Zefiro Bombardier
CSR Sifang 		distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 250 250 250


2009 125px
CRH1A-A
CRH1E-250 		CSR Sifang distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 250 250 250


2016 125px
CRH2A
CRH2B
CRH2E 		Shinkansen Kawasaki
CSR Sifang 		distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 250 250 250


2007 125px
CRH2C Shinkansen derived CSR Sifang distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 310 350 350 2008 125px
CRH2E (New Batch, sleeper) CSR Sifang distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 250 250 250


2017 125px
CRH2G CSR Sifang distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 250 250 250


2017 125px
CRH3A Pendolino & Velaro derived CNR Tangshan
CNR Changchun 		distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 250 250 210


2017 125px
CRH3C Velaro Siemens
CNR Tangshan
CNR Changchun 		distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 310 350 394.2 2008 125px
CRH5A New Pendolino Alstom
CNR Changchun 		distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 250 250 250


2007 125px
CRH5G New Pendolino derived CNR Changchun distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 250 250 250


2017 125px
CRH5E CNR Changchun distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 250 250 250


2019 125px
CRH6A Cinova CSR Sifang distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 200 220 220


2014 125px
CRH380A & AL Shinkansen derived CSR Sifang distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 350 380 486.1 2010 125px
CRH380B, BL & BG Velaro Siemens
CNR Tangshan
CNR Changchun 		distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 350 380 487.3 2011 125px
CRH380CL Velaro & Shinkansen derived Hitachi Rail
CNR Changchun 		distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 350 380 2013 125px
CRH380D Zefiro Bombardier
CSR Sifang 		distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 350 380 483 2012 125px
CR200J Fuxing CRRC Nanjing Puzhen
CRRC Qingdao Sifang
CRRC Tangshan
CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive
CRRC Datong
CRRC Dalian 		concentrated (1 power car, short formation)
(2 power cars, long formation) 		25 kV 50 Hz AC 160 180 2019 125px
CR300AF CRRC Sifang distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 250 300 210


2019 125px
CR300BF CRRC Changchun distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 250 300 210


2019 125px
CR400AF, -A & -B CRRC Sifang distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 350[8] 400 420 2017 125px
CR400BF, -A & -B CRRC Tangshan
CRRC Changchun 		distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 350[8] 400 420 2017 125px
CR450AF CRRC Sifang distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 450 2026 125px
CR450BF CRRC Changchun distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 450 2026 125px
DSB IC5 Denmark DSB Coradia Stream Alstom distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC

15 kV 16.7 Hz AC

200 210


2027
ED250 Poland PKP Intercity New Pendolino Alstom distributed 3 kV DC 200 250 291[9] 2014 125px
ČD Class 680 Czech Republic ČD Pendolino Alstom distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC, 15 kV  16.7 Hz AC and 3 kV DC 200[10] 230 237 2006 125px
ETR 460 Italy Trenitalia Pendolino Fiat Ferroviaria distributed 3 kV DC 250 250 250


1994 Frecciabianca ETR.460 at Roma Termini
ETR 470 Switzerland SBB distributed 3 kV DC

15 kV 16.7 Hz AC
25 kV 50 Hz

200 250 200


1996–2014 125px
Italy Trenitalia 1996–2021
Greece Hellenic Train 2022
ETR 480 / ETR 485 Italy Trenitalia distributed 3 kV DC
25 kV 50 Hz AC 		250 250 250


1997 FS ETR 485 45 (22756214670)
ETR 500 (2nd gen) Alstom
Bombardier
AnsaldoBreda 		concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 50 Hz AC
3 kV DC
1.5 kV DC (500F) 		300 300 362[11] 2000 125px
ETR 600 New Pendolino Alstom distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC
3 kV DC 		250 250 250


2008 FS ETR600 Frecciargento (50704019146)
ETR 610 Alstom distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC
15 kV 16.7 Hz AC
3 kV DC 		250 250 250


2008 FS ETR610 711 (51740756190)
ETR 675 Italy NTV Alstom distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC
3 kV DC 		250 250 250


2017 125px
ETR 700 (Previously known as V250) Italy Trenitalia
(Previously Netherlands NS
Belgium SNCB) 		AnsaldoBreda distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC
3 kV DC
1.5 kV DC 		250 250 250


2012 - 2013
2019 		125px
ETR 1000 (Frecciarossa 1000) Italy Trenitalia
Spain Iryo 		Zefiro Bombardier
AnsaldoBreda 		distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC
3 kV DC
1.5 kV DC
15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 		300 360 393.8[12] 2015 125px
Electric Tilt Train Australia Queensland Rail Tilt Train Walkers Limited distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 160 1998 125px
Eurostar e300 FranceUnited KingdomBelgium Eurostar
FranceBelgium IZY 		TGV GEC-Alstom concentrated with additional distributed traction (2 power cars, 2 pass. semi-motor cars) 25 kV 50 Hz AC
3 kV DC
1.5 kV DC
750 V DC (3rd rail, no longer in use) 		300 (190 mph) 300 (190 mph) 334.7 (208.0 mph) 1993 125px
Eurostar e320 FranceUnited KingdomBelgium Netherlands Eurostar Velaro Siemens distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC
15 kV 16.7 Hz AC
3 kV DC
1.5 kV DC 		300 (190 mph) 320 (200 mph) 352 (219 mph) 2015 125px
Eurostar Celestia FranceUnited KingdomBelgiumNetherlandsGermany Eurostar Avelia Horizon

TGV

Alstom concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 50 Hz AC
15 kV  16.7 Hz AC
1.5 kV DC
3 kV DC 		320 (200 mph) 2031[13]
Flytoget Class 78 Norway Flytoget Oaris CAF distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 210 250 210


2021 125px
GMB Class 71 X 2000 derived Adtranz
Strømmen 		distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 210 210 210


1998 125px
ICE 1 Germany DB ICE Siemens
ABB
AEG
Krauss-Maffei
Krupp
Thyssen
Henschel 		concentrated (2 power cars) 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 280 280 310 1991 125px
ICE 2 Siemens
Adtranz 		concentrated (1 power car) 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 280 280 316 1996 125px
ICE 3 Class 403 Germany DB Velaro Siemens
Bombardier 		distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 320 330 368 2000 125px
ICE 3 Class 407 Germany DB Siemens distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC
25 kV 50 Hz AC
1.5 kV DC

3 kV DC

320 320 320 352

[14]

2013 125px
ICE 3 Class 408 Germany DB Velaro MS Siemens distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC
25 kV 50 Hz AC

1.5 kV DC
3 kV DC

320 320 320 352


2022[15] 125px
ICE T Germany DB
Austria ÖBB 		ICE (contains Pendolino technology) Siemens
Duewag
Fiat Ferroviaria 		distributed 15 kV  16.7 Hz AC 230 230 255 2005 125px
ICE 4 Germany DB ICE Siemens
Bombardier (now Alstom) 		distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 265 265 292 292

[16]

2017
IC2 Germany DB KISS Stadler Rail distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 200 200 2020
Stadler KISS Austria WESTbahn 2011
SOKO Serbia Srbija Voz 25 kV 50 Hz AC 2022
Intercity Nieuwe Generatie Netherlands NS Coradia Stream Alstom distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC

15 kV 16.7 Hz AC
1.5 kV DC
3 kV DC

200 200 210


2023 125px
KCIC400AF Indonesia KCIC Fuxing CRRC Qingdao Sifang distributed 27.5 kV 50 Hz AC 350[17] 400 420 2023 125px
KTX-I South Korea Korail TGV Alstom
Hyundai Rotem 		concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 60 Hz AC 305 330 330


2004 125px
KTX-Sancheon TGV derived Hyundai Rotem concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 60 Hz AC 305 330 330


2010 125px
KTX-Eum KTX-III Hyundai Rotem distributed 25 kV 60 Hz AC 260 286 210


2020 125px
KTX-Cheongryong Hyundai Rotem distributed 25 kV 60 Hz AC 305 352 210


2024 125px
New South Wales XPT Australia NSW TrainLink HST Comeng
ABB 		concentrated (2 power cars) Diesel (electric transmission) 160 200[18] 193[19] 1982 125px
NSB Class 73 Norway Go-Ahead Norge
Norway SJ Norge
Norway Vy 		X 2000 derived Adtranz
Strømmen 		distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 210 210 210


1999 125px
NSB Class 74/75 Norway Vy FLIRT Stadler Rail distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 200[20] 200 210


2012 125px
Oxygène France SNCF CAF distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC
1.5 kV DC 		200 2027 125x125px
RABDe 500 Switzerland SBB ICN Alstom
Bombardier 		distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 200 200 200


2000 125px
RABe 501 SMILE Stadler Rail distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC
25 kV 50 Hz AC
3 kV DC 		250 250 275 2019
RABe 502 TWINDEXX Bombardier distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 200[21] 200 210


2018
RABe 503 New Pendolino Alstom distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC
25 kV 50 Hz AC
3 kV DC 		250 250 250


2008 125px
Regio 2N
(Z 56500) 		France SNCF Omneo Bombardier distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC
1.5 kV DC 		200 200 210


2017 125px
EVS1/EVS2 Sapsan Russia RZD Velaro Siemens distributed 3 kV DC
25 kV 50 Hz AC 		250 350 290 2009 125px
SAR push-pull train Saudi Arabia SAR CAF concentrated (1 power car) Diesel (electric transmission) 200 200 210


2017
500-7000 Series Shinkansen Japan JR West Shinkansen Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Kinki Sharyo
Nippon Sharyo 		distributed 25 kV 60 Hz AC 285 305 305


2008 125px
700-7000 Series Shinkansen Japan JR West Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Kinki Sharyo
Nippon Sharyo 		25 kV 60 Hz AC 285 300 300


2000 125px
N700 Series Shinkansen Japan JR Central
Japan JR Kyushu
Japan JR West 		Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Kinki Sharyo
Nippon Sharyo 		25 kV 60 Hz AC 300 360 332[22] 2007 125px
N700A Series Shinkansen Japan JR Central
Japan JR West 		Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Kinki Sharyo
Nippon Sharyo 		25 kV 60 Hz AC 300 360 210


2013 125px
N700S Series Shinkansen Japan JR Central Nippon Sharyo 25 kV 60 Hz AC 300 360 362[23] 2020 125px
N700S Series Shinkansen Japan JR Kyushu Nippon Sharyo 25 kV 60 Hz AC 260 360 2022 125px
N700S Series Shinkansen Taiwan THSR Hitachi Rail
Toshiba 		25 kV 60 Hz AC 360 2027
800 Series Shinkansen Japan JR Kyushu Hitachi Rail 25 kV 60 Hz AC 260 285 285


2004 125px
E2 Series Shinkansen Japan JR East Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Nippon Sharyo
Tokyu Car 		25 kV 50/60 Hz AC 275 275 362 1997 125px
E3 Series Shinkansen Japan JR East Kawasaki
Tokyu Car 		20/25 kV 50 Hz AC 275[24] 275 275


1997 125px
E5 Series Shinkansen Japan JR East Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki 		25 kV 50 Hz AC 320[24] 360 210


2011 125px
H5 Series Shinkansen Japan JR Hokkaido Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki 		25 kV 50 Hz AC 320 360 360


2016 125px
E6 Series Shinkansen Japan JR East Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki 		20/25 kV 50 Hz AC 320[25] 360 320


2013 125px
E7 Series Shinkansen Japan JR East Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
J-TREC 		25 kV 50/60 Hz AC 260[26] 275[26] 275


2014 125px
W7 Series Shinkansen Japan JR West Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Kinki Sharyo 		25 kV 50/60 Hz AC 260[26] 275[26] 275


2015 125px
E8 Series Shinkansen Japan JR East Kawasaki 20/25 kV 50 Hz AC 300 300 300


2024 125px
E10 Series Shinkansen Japan JR East

India NHSRCL

25 kV 50 Hz AC 320 210


2030
Sm3 Finland VR Pendolino Fiat Ferroviaria
Rautaruukki
Transtech 		distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 220 220 242 1995 125px
Sm6 Alstom distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC
3 kV DC 		220 220 220


  • 2010–2022
  • 2025– (planned)
 125px
Talgo 350 SRO Saudi Arabia SRO Talgo 350 Talgo
Bombardier 		concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 50 Hz AC 300 350 210


2018[27] 125px
Talgo AVRIL France Le Train Talgo AVRIL Talgo concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 50 Hz AC
1.5 kV DC 		330 2027
TCDD HT65000 Turkey TCDD Taşımacılık CAF distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 250 250 250


2009 125px
TCDD HT80000 Velaro Siemens distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 250 300 300


2015 125px
TGV Atlantique France SNCF TGV Alsthom concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 50 Hz AC
1.5 kV DC 		300 300 515.3 1989 125px
TGV Réseau GEC-Alsthom 25 kV 50 Hz AC
1.5 kV DC
3 kV DC 		320 320 320


1993 125px
TGV Duplex GEC-Alsthom 25 kV 50 Hz AC
15 kV 16.7 Hz AC
1.5 kV DC 		320 320 320


1995 125px
TGV Océane Alstom 25 kV 50 Hz AC
15 kV 16.7 Hz AC
1.5 kV DC 		320 320 320


2017 125px
TGV POS Alstom 25 kV 50 Hz AC
15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 		320 320 574.8 2006 125px
TGV Euroduplex France SNCF
FranceSwitzerland TGV Lyria
Morocco ONCF
Spain Ouigo España 		Alstom 25 kV 50 Hz AC
15 kV  16.7 Hz AC
1.5 kV DC
3 kV DC 		320 320 320


2011 125px
TGV M (Horizon) France SNCF Alstom 25 kV 50 Hz AC
1.5 kV DC 		350[28] 210


2026 125px
PBA FranceBelgiumNetherlandsEurostar GEC-Alsthom 25 kV 50 Hz AC
1.5 kV DC
3 kV DC 		300 320 320


1996 125px
PBKA FranceBelgiumNetherlandsGermany Eurostar GEC-Alsthom 25 kV 50 Hz AC
15 kV  16.7 Hz AC
1.5 kV DC
3 kV DC 		300 320 320


1997 125px
THSR 700T Taiwan THSR Shinkansen Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Nippon Sharyo 		distributed 25 kV 60 Hz AC 300 315 300 315

[29]

2007 125px
Transwa WDA/WDB/WDC class Australia Transwa United Goninan distributed Diesel (hydraulic transmission) 160 200[30] 200


2004 125px
Vibrant Express Hong Kong MTR Corporation[31] Hexie CRRC Qingdao Sifang[32] distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 300 380 210


2018[33][34] 125px
X2 Sweden SJ X 2000 Adtranz
ABB 		concentrated (1 power car) 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC
25 kV 50 Hz AC 		200 210 276 1989 125px
X3 Sweden Arlanda Express Coradia GEC-Alsthom distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 200 205 205


1998 125px
X40 Sweden SJ Alstom distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 200 200 200


2006 125px
X50 - 55 Sweden SJ
Sweden Vy Tåg
Sweden Västtrafik
Sweden Veolia Transport 		Regina Bombardier distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 200 250 303 2000 125px
X74 Sweden VR Sverige Stadler FLIRT Stadler Rail distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 200 200 2015 125px
ER1 Sweden Tåg i Bergslagen (TiB)

Sweden Mälardalstrafik
Sweden Vy Tåg

Stadler Dosto Stadler Rail distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 200 200 2019 125px
X80 Sweden Västtrafik Zefiro Bombardier distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 200 2025 125px
Zefiro Express Sweden SJ Zefiro Alstom distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 250 2026
Z-TER France SNCF Alstom
Bombardier 		distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC
1.5 kV DC 		200 200 200


2003 125px

High-speed trains no longer in service

Name Operators Family Manufacturer Power
distribution 		Power supply Maximum speed (km/h) In
Service 		Picture
Operated Designed Record
BR Class 370 Template:Country data GB InterCity APT BREL concentrated (2 intermediate power cars) 25 kV 50 Hz AC 201
(125 mph) 		250
(160 mph) 		261
(162 mph)[35] 		1980—1986 125px
DJJ1 "Blue Arrow" China Guangshen Railway Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Co concentrated (1 power car) 25 kV 50 Hz AC 200 210 235.6 2000—2012
DB Class 403 (1973) Germany DB AEG
BBC
Siemens 		distributed 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 200 220 225 1972—1993 125px
ER200 Soviet UnionRussia RZD RVR distributed 3 kV DC 200 200 220 1984—2009 125px
ETR 450 Italy Trenitalia Pendolino Fiat Ferroviaria distributed 3 kV DC 250 280 280


1988—2015 125px
ETR 500 (1st series) Italy Trenitalia AnsaldoBreda
Fiat Ferroviaria
Tecnomasio
Firema Trasporti 		concentrated (2 power cars) 3 kV DC 250 300 321 1992—2007 125px
ICE TD Germany DB
Denmark DSB 		Siemens distributed Diesel (electric transmission) 200 200 222 2001—2017 125px
ICE 3M Class 406 Germany DB

Netherlands NS

Velaro 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC

25 kV 50 Hz AC

1.5 kV DC

3 kV DC

320 330 368 2000-2024
RENFE Class 490 Spain Renfe Pendolino GEC-Alsthom
Fiat Ferrovaria 		distributed 3 kV DC 220 220 1998—2014
TGV Sud-Est France SNCF TGV Alsthom

Francorail-MTE

Concentrated with additional distributed traction
(2 power cars, 2 pass. semi-motor cars) 		25 kV 50 Hz AC
1.5 kV DC 		300 300 380 1980—2020 125px
TGV Postal France SNCF
(on behalf of La Poste) 		Alsthom

Francorail-MTE

concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 50 Hz AC
1.5 kV DC 		270 270 270


1984—2015
0 Series Shinkansen Japan JNR
Japan JR Central
Japan JR West 		Shinkansen Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Kinki Sharyo
Nippon Sharyo
Kisha Seizo 		distributed 25 kV 60 Hz AC 220 220 220


1964—2008 125px
100 Series Shinkansen Japan JNR
Japan JR Central
Japan JR West 		Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Kinki Sharyo
Nippon Sharyo
Tokyu Car 		25 kV 60 Hz AC 230 230 277.2 1985—2012 125px
200 Series Shinkansen Japan JNR
Japan JR East 		Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Kinki Sharyo
Nippon Sharyo
Tokyu Car 		25 kV 50 Hz AC 240
(275 H sets) 		275 276.2[36] 1982—2013 125px
300 Series Shinkansen Japan JR Central
Japan JR West 		Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Kinki Sharyo
Nippon Sharyo 		25 kV 60 Hz AC 270 270 325.7 1992—2012 125px
400 Series Shinkansen Japan JR East Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Tokyu Car 		20/25 kV 50 Hz AC 240 240 345 1992—2010 125px
500-0 Series Shinkansen Japan JR West Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Kinki Sharyo
Nippon Sharyo 		25 kV 60 Hz AC 300 320 320


1997—2010 125px
700-0 Series Shinkansen Japan JR Central
Japan JR West 		Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Kinki Sharyo
Nippon Sharyo 		25 kV 60 Hz AC 285 300 300


1999—2020 125px
700-3000 Series Shinkansen Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Kinki Sharyo
Nippon Sharyo 		25 kV 60 Hz AC 285 300 300


125px
E1 Series Shinkansen Japan JR East Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki 		25 kV 50 Hz AC 240 240 240


1994—2012 125px
E4 Series Shinkansen Japan JR East Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki 		25 kV 50 Hz AC 240 240 240


1997—2021 125px

Experimental or modified

Name Operators Family Manufacturer Power
distribution 		Power supply Maximum speed (km/h) In
Service 		Picture
Designed Record
300X Japan JR Central Shinkansen Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
Nippon Sharyo 		distributed 25 kV 60 Hz AC 350 443[37] 1994–2002
ALFA-X Japan JR East Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki 		25 kV 50 Hz AC 400 400[38] 2019- 125x125px
Class 951 Japan JNR Kawasaki
Nippon Sharyo 		25 kV 60 Hz AC 250 286[39] 1969—1973 125x125px
Class 961 Japan JNR Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Nippon Sharyo 		25 kV 50/60 Hz AC 260 319[40] 1973–1981 125x125px
Class 962 Japan JNR

Japan JR East

Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Kinki Sharyo
Nippon Sharyo
Tokyu Car 		25 kV 50/60 Hz AC 210 1979—2003 125x125px
Class 1000 Japan JNR Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Kinki Sharyo
Nippon Sharyo
Kisha Seizo 		25 kV 60 Hz AC 200 256[41] 1962–1976 125x125px
Fastech 360S Japan JR East Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki 		25 kV 50 Hz AC 360 405[42] 2005—2009 125x125px
Fastech 360Z Japan JR East Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki 		20/25 kV 50 Hz AC 360 405[42] 2005—2009 125x125px
STAR21 Japan JR East Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki
Nippon Sharyo 		25 kV 50 Hz AC 350 425[43] 1992–1998 125x125px
WIN350 Japan JR West Hitachi Rail
Kawasaki 		25 kV 60 Hz AC 350 350[44] 1992–1995 125x125px
GCT01
(1st generation) 		Japan JR Kyushu Kawasaki,
Kinki Sharyo,
Tokyu Car 		20/25 kV 50/60 Hz AC
1500 V DC 		300 246[45] 1998–2006 125x125px
GCT01
(2nd generation) 		Japan JR Kyushu Kawasaki,
Kinki Sharyo,
Tokyu Car 		20/25 kV 60 Hz AC
1500 V DC 		270[46] ? 2006–2013 125x125px
FGT9000 Japan JR Kyushu Kawasaki,
Hitachi 		20/25 kV 60 Hz AC
1500 V DC 		270[47] ? 2014- 125x125px
HSR-350x South Korea Korail KTX Hyundai Rotem concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 60 Hz AC 385 352[48] 2002—2008 125x125px
HEMU-430X South Korea Korail Hyundai Rotem distributed 25 kV 60 Hz AC 430 421[49] 2012—2017 125x125px
BR APT-E Template:Country data GB British Rail APT British Rail Research Division concentrated (2 power cars) Gas turbine (electric transmission) 250 (160 mph) 245 (152 mph)[50] 1972—1976 125x125px
ICE S Germany DB ICE Siemens
Adtranz
AEG
DWA 		concentrated (2 power cars) 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 393[51] 1996 125x125px
ICE V Germany DB Siemens
AEG
BBC
Krauss-Maffei
Krupp
Thyssen
Henschel 		concentrated (2 power cars) 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 407[52] 1985–1998 125x125px
TGV 001 France SNCF TGV Alsthom
Brissonneau
MTE
Turbomeca
Jeumont-Schneider
Creusot-Loire 		concentrated (2 power cars) Gas turbine (electric transmission) 300 318 1972—1978 125x125px
Modified unit 325 France SNCF Alstom concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 50 Hz AC
1.5 kV DC 		515.3 1990 125x125px
TGV V150 France SNCF Alstom Concentrated with additional distributed traction
(2 power cars, 2 pass. semi-motor cars) 		25 kV 50 Hz AC
15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 		540 575[53] 2007 125x125px
Schienenzeppelin Germany Franz Kruckenberg Schienenzeppelin Franz Kruckenberg concentrated (single railcar) Petrol engine (with air propeller) 230 1929—1939 125x125px
ES250 Sokol Russia RZD ES250 Sokol RAO VSM distributed 3 kV DC

25 kV 50 Hz AC

250[54] 2000—2002 125x125px
Talgo XXI (Talgo BT) Spain ADIF Talgo XXI Talgo
Krauss-Maffei 		concentrated (1 power car) Diesel (hydraulic transmission) 200 256[55] 1999- 125x125px
Talgo 330 Spain ADIF Talgo 350 Talgo
Bombardier
Krauss-Maffei 		concentrated (1 power car) 25 kV 50 Hz AC 300 336 2007- 125x125px
Talgo AVRIL G3 Spain Renfe Talgo AVRIL Talgo
Bombardier 		concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 50 Hz AC
3 kV DC 		350 ? 2012 — 125px
DJJ2 "China Star" China Qinshen railway Zhuzhou Electric Locomotive Co concentrated (2 power cars) 25 kV 50 Hz AC 270 321.5 2002—2006
CIT500 China China Railway Fuxing-derived CRRC Sifang distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 500 500 2011 125px
High speed freight train China China Railway Fuxing-derived CRRC Tangshan distributed 25 kV 50 Hz AC 350 2020

Conventionally wheeled locomotive-hauled

As trains can have multiple configurations on the same service, service name is used as an identifier.

Currently or soon in service

Service Name Operators Hauled trailers Locomotive(s) Loco family Manufacturer Formation Power supply Operated Designed Record In
Service 		Picture
ComfortJet Czech Republic České dráhy Siemens Viaggio Comfort 383 Vectron Siemens and Škoda Transportation push-pull
(loco + cab car) 		25 kV 50 Hz AC
15 kV 16.7 Hz AC

3 kV DC

230 2024 125px
InterJet Czech Republic České dráhy Siemens Viaggio Comfort 383 Vectron Siemens and Škoda Transportation conventional 25 kV 50 Hz AC
15 kV 16.7 Hz AC

3 kV DC

160 200 2021 125px
ICE L Germany Deutsche Bahn Talgo 230 DB Class 105 Travca Talgo push-pull
(loco + cab car) 		25 kV 50 Hz AC
15 kV 16.7 Hz AC

1.5 kV DC

230 2025 125px
FlixTrain Germany Sweden Flix UIC passenger coach types DB Class 182, 383 Taurus Vectron Siemens conventional 25 kV 50 Hz AC
25 kV 50 Hz AC

15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 3 kV DC

200 200 2017 125px
DB Intercity/ Eurocity Germany Deutsche Bahn DB Intercity carriages DB Class 101
(previously DB Class 103, DB Class 120) 		Adtranz push-pull
(loco + cab car) 		15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 200 200 1965 125px
SBB IC/SBB IR Template:Country data CH SBB IC 2000 Re 460 SLM/ABB push-pull
(loco + cab car) 		15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 200 200 1997 125px
Einheitswagen IV/SBB EC carriage 1996 125px
Eurocity SBB EC carriage/Einheitswagen IV (restaurant only) Depending on country: Re 460 / DB Class 101 / ÖBB Classes 1016/1116/1216 conventional 15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 200 200 1989 125px
Premier Service United Kingdom Transport for Wales Rail BR Mark 4 BR Class 67 Alstom push-pull
(loco + cab car) 		EMD 12N-710G3B-EC Diesel 201 (125 mph) 201 (125 mph) 2000 125px
InterCity 225 United Kingdom London North Eastern Railway BR Mark 4 BR Class 91 APT BREL
Alstom 		push-pull
(loco + cab car) 		25 kV 50 Hz AC 201 (125 mph) 225 (140 mph) 262 (163 mph) 1988 125px
DSB EuroCity Denmark DSB Litra EC Litra EB Vectron Siemens push-pull
(loco + cab car) 		25 kV 50 Hz AC

15 kV 16.7 Hz AC

200[56] 2024 Litra EB Otto Busses Vej
Railjet Austria ÖBB
Czech Republic ČD 		Siemens Viaggio Comfort ES64U2 Taurus Siemens push-pull
(loco + cab car) 		15 kV 16.7 Hz AC

25 kV 50 Hz AC

230 230 275[57] 2008 Endstation! ÖBB-Railjet in Zürich HB-20131011
MARC Train United States MARC HHP-8 HHP-8 Bombardier Transportation push-pull
(loco + cab car) 		12 kV 25 Hz AC

12.5 kV 60 Hz AC
25 kV 60 Hz AC

201 (125 mph)[58][59] 217 (135 mph) 1998 125px
SC-44 Charger Siemens Cummins QSK95 Diesel 201 (125 mph)[60][61] 201 (125 mph) 2018 125px
Northeast Corridor United States Amtrak Amfleet I ACS-64 Sprinter Siemens conventional 12 kV 25 Hz AC

12.5 kV 60 Hz AC

25 kV 60 Hz AC

201 (125 mph) 217 (135 mph) 2014 Amtrak ACS-64 650 SB at Wilmington Station
Northeast Corridor United States Amtrak Amtrak Airo Charger Siemens push-pull
(loco + cab car) 		12 kV 25 Hz AC

12.5 kV 60 Hz AC

25 kV 60 Hz AC

201 (125 mph) 217 (135 mph) 2026
Brightline United States FECI Siemens Venture SCB-40 Charger Siemens push-pull
(2 single-ended locos) 		Cummins QSK95 Diesel 201 (125 mph) 201 (125 mph) 2018 125px
SNCB Intercity Belgium SNCB SNCB I11 &

SNCB M6 &

SNCB M7 &

SNCB I10

HLE 13 Tractis Alstom push-pull
(loco + cab car) 		1.5 kV DC

3 kV DC

25 kV AC

200 200 1997
SNCB Intercity Belgium SNCB SNCB I11 &

SNCB M6 &

SNCB M7 &

SNCB I10

SNCB HLE 18 & HLE 19 EuroSprinter Siemens push-pull
(loco + cab car) 		1.5 kV DC

3 kV DC

25 kV 50 Hz AC

200 200 2011
HellasSprinter GreeceHellenic Train OSE Class 120 Eurosprinter Siemens conventional 25 kV 50 Hz AC 200 1996 TRAINOSE Greece 25000V-50Hz AC
Nevsky Express
(with EP20) 		Russia RZD Tver works family EP20 Alstom Prima derived Transmashholding

Alstom VELNII

conventional 3 kV DC

25 kV 50 Hz AC

200 200 2012

No longer in service

Service Name Type Operators Hauled trailers Locomotive(s) Loco family Manufacturer Formation Power supply Operated Designed Record In
Service 		Picture
Le Capitole Passenger France SNCF UIC-Y coaches /

Grand Confort coaches

SNCF BB 9200 / SNCF CC 6500 BB Jacquemin / Nez cassé Creusot-Loire, Jeumont-Schneider and Compagnie Électro-Mécanique /

Alsthom and MTE

conventional 1.5 kV DC 200 200 1967—1991 125x125px
MVGV (Marchandises exploitées en régime Voyageurs à Grande Vitesse) / Train Bloc Express Freight (postal) France SERNAM (SNCF) 9 postal coaches (total 172 metres long, 297 tonnes) SNCF BB 22200 Nez cassé Alsthom and MTE conventional 25 kV 50 Hz AC1500 V DC 200 200 1998—2010 125x125px
Guangzhou–Kowloon through train Passenger Hong Kong MTR Corporation KTT Re 460 Re 460 SLM
ABB
Kinki Sharyo 		push-pull
(2 locos) 		25 kV 50 Hz AC 160 200 1998—2020
Metropolitan Express Train Passenger Germany DB MET coaches / Grand Confort coaches DB Class 101 DB Class 101 FTD Fahrzeugtechnik Dessau push-pull
(loco + cab car) 		15 kV 16.7 Hz AC 220 220 1998—2021 125x125px
Strizh Passenger Russia RZD Talgo 9 EP20 Alstom Prima derived Transmashholding Talgo conventional 3 kV DC

25 kV 50 Hz AC

200 200 2015—2022
Nevsky Express
(with ChS200) 		Passenger Russia RZD Tver works family ChS200 Škoda 66E Škoda conventional 3 kV DC 200 200 2001—2024

Magnetically levitated

Currently or soon in service

Name Operators Family Manufacturer Power supply Maximum speed (km/h) In
Service 		Picture
Operated Designed Record
Shanghai Transrapid China SMTD Transrapid Siemens
ThyssenKrupp 		Electromagnetic suspension 431 431 501[62] 2004 125x125px
L0 Series Shinkansen Japan JR Central Shinkansen Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
Nippon Sharyo 		Electrodynamic suspension 505 603[63] 2027[64][65] 125x125px

Experimental

Name Operators Family Manufacturer Power supply Maximum speed (km/h) In
Testing 		Picture
Designed Record
ML500 Japan JNR Shinkansen Railway Technical Research Institute Electrodynamic suspension 517 1977—1981 125x125px
MLU001 Japan JNR

Japan JR Central

405 1981—1989
MLU002 Japan JR Central 394 1987—1991
MLU002N 431 1993—1996
MLX01 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
Nippon Sharyo 		581 1996—2011 125x125px
Transrapid 04 Germany Transrapid Transrapid Siemens
Krauss-Maffei 		Electrodynamic suspension 253[66] 1973—1977 125x125px
Transrapid 06 Electromagnetic suspension 412.6[66] 1983—1988 125x125px
Transrapid 07 Siemens
ThyssenKrupp 		Electromagnetic suspension 450[66] 1987—1993 125x125px
Transrapid 08 Electromagnetic suspension 431 501[66] 1999—2006 125x125px
Transrapid 09 Electromagnetic suspension 431 505[66] 2006–2007 125x125px

See also

  • List of speed records in rail transport

Notes


References

  1. ↑ "Glossary:High-speed rail" (in en). https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Glossary:High-speed_rail. 
  2. ↑ "High-speed rail | Definition, History, Technology, Development, & Facts | Britannica" (in en). 2025-05-13. https://www.britannica.com/technology/high-speed-rail. 
  3. ↑ Leboeuf, Michel (May 2018). "HIGH SPEED RAIL - FAST TRACK TO SUSTAINABLE MOBILITY". https://www.uic.org/com/IMG/pdf/uic_high_speed_brochure.pdf. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 "Automotoras Eléctricas Série: 4000 (4001-4010 e 4051-4060) :: CP :: (Versão Portuguesa)" (in pt). Série 4000: CP official website. http://www.cp.pt/cp/displayPage.do?vgnextoid=97722e652e675010VgnVCM1000007b01a8c0RCRD&lang=pt. 
  5. ↑ "Ficha de 9-103-005-5" (in es). Listado del Material Ferroviario Español. http://www.listadotren.es/motor/ficha.php?id=1178&sid=d4151febb6c7e30d83ea53b7270f40b6. 
  6. ↑ "Archived copy". http://www.alstom.com/Global/Transport/Resources/Documents/brochure2014/Avelia%20Liberty%20-%20Amtrak%20-%20Case%20study%20-%20English.pdf?epslanguage=en-GB. 
  7. ↑ "Bullet train in milestone run on HS1". Railnews. 2008-06-10. http://www.railnews.co.uk/news/general/2008/06/10-hitatchi-hs-milestone.html. "an earlier successful 'overspeed' test to check train stability and ride on 18th April, when the train achieved a maximum speed of 252 km/h" 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 "铁总：9月21日起7对复兴号京沪高铁运营 时速350公里". 腾讯财经. 2017-08-20. http://finance.qq.com/a/20170820/020782.htm. 
  9. ↑ 291 km/h – Pendolino sets new record by Dyspozytor
  10. ↑ "Record-Breaking Sprint to the South of Bohemia. Pendolino Began Running in Regular Service Faster than 160 km/h". https://www.ceskedrahy.cz/en/Pendolino-Ceske-Budejovice. 
  11. ↑ "In galleria il nuovo record di velocità italiano" (in it). Ferrovie.it. http://www.ferrovie.it/portale/leggi.php?id=2543. 
  12. ↑ "Il Frecciarossa 1000 è ancora da record" (in it). Ferrovie.it. http://www.ferrovie.it/portale/leggi.php?id=1855/. 
  13. ↑ Topham, Gwyn (2025-10-22). "Eurostar to run doubledecker trains through Channel tunnel from 2031" (in en-GB). The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. https://www.theguardian.com/business/2025/oct/22/eurostar-to-run-doubledecker-trains-through-channel-tunnel-from-2031. 
  14. ↑ Volle Kraft voraus. In: como. Ausgabe 8, Mai 2012, ZDB-ID 2478309-2, S. 34–39.
  15. ↑ Der neue ICE
  16. ↑ "ICE 4 cleared for 265 km/h" (in German), Today's Railways Europe (306): p. 57, 2021, ISSN 1354-2753 
  17. ↑ Limb, Lottie (2022-10-14). "Flight-free travel around Indonesia is about to get easier thanks to its first high-speed rail line". Associated Press. euronews. https://www.euronews.com/travel/2022/10/14/flight-free-travel-around-indonesia-is-about-to-get-easier-thanks-to-its-first-high-speed-. 
  18. ↑ "To find out what the XPT can do". Canberra Times. 13 June 1981. https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/125640734?searchTerm=XPT%20speed%20record&searchLimits=l-availability=y. 
  19. ↑ "CountryLink Triumph – New Speed Record". Freight Rail & Countrylink Xpress (33 November 1992): 2–3. 
  20. ↑ "Products" (in en). http://www.stadlerrail.com/en/products/flirt200/. 
  21. ↑ "TWINDEXX Express Double-deck Trains, Switzerland - Switzerland - Bombardier" (in en). http://www.bombardier.com/en/transportation/projects/project.twindexx-switzerland.html?f-region=all&f-country=all&f-segment=all&f-name=TWINDEXX. 
  22. ↑ (in ja)Asahi.com (Japan: The Asahi Shimbun Company). 17 November 2009. http://www.asahi.com/national/update/1117/NGY200911160010.html. 
  23. ↑ "新幹線「N700S」 最高速度362キロ記録" (in ja). 毎日新聞. https://mainichi.jp/articles/20190607/k00/00m/040/012000c. 
  24. ↑ 24.0 24.1 "320-km/h Hayabusa matches world speed record". The Japan Times. Japan: The Japan Times Ltd.. 17 March 2013. http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/03/17/national/320-kph-hayabusa-matches-world-speed-record. 
  25. ↑ "Error: no |title= specified when using {{Cite web}}" (in ja). News release. Japan: East Japan Railway Company. 20 December 2013. p. 1. http://www.jreast.co.jp/press/2013/20131217.pdf. 
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 26.2 26.3 "E7系新幹線電車" (in ja). Japan Railfan Magazine (Japan: Koyusha Co., Ltd.) 54 (634): 9–13. February 2014. 
  27. ↑ "Revised opening date agreed for Saudi HS project". 18 January 2017. http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/middle-east/revised-opening-date-agreed-for-saudi-hs-project.html?channel=523. 
  28. ↑ "SNCF confirms TGV of the Future order". http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view/sncf-confirms-tgv-of-the-future-order.html. 
  29. ↑ Taiwan's High Speed Rail reaches 315 km/h in a test.
  30. ↑ Matheson, David. "Prospector" (in en). https://www.railtram.com.au/prospector. 
  31. ↑ "Hong Kong High-Speed Trains Ready for Track Testing" (PDF) (Press release). 2013-11-06. Retrieved 2022-08-13. MTR ordered nine high-speed trains for the Express Rail Link project [...] The train design is based on China's CRH380A model.
  32. ↑ "MTR unveils first Express Rail Link high-speed train in Hong Kong". Railway Technology. 2013-11-06. https://www.railway-technology.com/uncategorized/newsmtr-unveils-first-express-rail-link-high-speed-train-in-hong-kong/. "Currently being built by CSR Qingdao Sifang [...] the trains are based on the design of China’s CRH380A model." 
  33. ↑ Kuo, Lily (2018-10-04). "'This is part of the plan': new train blurs line between China and Hong Kong". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/cities/2018/oct/04/high-speed-train-brings-chinese-border-into-heart-of-hong-kong. 
  34. ↑ McHugh, Fionnuala (2018-10-10). "On Hong Kong's new bullet train - the Vibrant Express". Stuff (NZ). https://www.stuff.co.nz/travel/news/107722730/on-hong-kongs-new-bullet-train--the-vibrant-express. 
  35. ↑ "Train smashes speed record". BBC News. 2003-07-30. https://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/kent/3108973.stm. 
  36. ↑ 新幹線と世界のライバル. Jtbパブリッシング. 2012-07-15. ISBN 9784533087684. https://books.google.com/books?id=Vpy2WLtW2T0C&q=276km&pg=PA140. Retrieved 2018-12-30. 
  37. ↑ . Japan: JRR. July 1998. p. 99. ISBN 4-88283-029-9. 
  38. ↑ (in en) ALFA-X(E956) 400km/h走行へ 2019.12.14-15, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T9Vma8SeBfQ, retrieved 2019-12-16 
  39. ↑ プロトタイプの世界 - Prototype World. Japan: Kōtsū Shimbunsha. December 2005. OCLC 170056962. 
  40. ↑ Yamanouchi, Shūichirō (2002). 東北・上越新幹線. Tokyo, Japan: JTB Can Books. pp. 171–174. ISBN 4-533-04513-8. 
  41. ↑ . Japan: Kotsu Shimbunsha. December 2005. OCLC 170056962. 
  42. ↑ 42.0 42.1 "FASTECH 360 High-Speed Shinkansen Test Train to Debut". 9 March 2005. http://www.jreast.co.jp/e/press/20050302/. 
  43. ↑ Yamanouchi, Shūichirō (2002). 東北・上越新幹線. Tokyo, Japan: JTB Can Books. ISBN 4-533-04513-8. 
  44. ↑ プロトタイプの世界 - Prototype World. Japan: Kōtsū Shimbunsha. December 2005. pp. 56–59. OCLC 170056962. 
  45. ↑ "Error: no |title= specified when using {{Cite web}}" (in ja). Japan: Railway Technical Research Institute. 14 January 2002. http://www.rtri.or.jp/rd/sales/gct.htm. 
  46. ↑ "新形フリーゲージトレイン". Japan Railfan Magazine (Japan: Koyusha Co., Ltd.) 47 (556): 86–87. August 2007. 
  47. ↑ (in ja)Japan Railfan Magazine (Japan: Koyusha Co., Ltd.) 54 (639): 84–85. July 2014. 
  48. ↑ "Error: no |title= specified when using {{Cite web}}" (in ko). Science Touch on Friday, KRRI. 2008-01-04. http://www.sciencetouch.net/files/ppts/PPT157.pdf. 
  49. ↑ "차세대 고속열차 최고시속 421km 기록" (in ko). Yonhap News (Naver). http://news.naver.com/main/read.nhn?mode=LSD&mid=sec&sid1=103&oid=001&aid=0006179734. 
  50. ↑ "To tilt or not to tilt". BBC News. http://www.bbc.co.uk/northyorkshire/travel/story/tilting_train/index.shtml. 
  51. ↑ "15 Jahre Hochgeschwindigkeitsverkehr" (in de). Deutsche Bahn AG. http://www.db.de/site/hochgeschwindigkeit/de/ice/technik/inspektionsfahrten/inspektionsfahrten.html. 
  52. ↑ Peter Jehle; René Naumann; Rainer Schach (2006) (in de). Transrapid und Rad-Schiene-Hochgeschwindigkeitsbahn: Ein gesamtheitlicher Systemvergleich. Springer. p. 20. ISBN 3-540-28334-X. https://archive.org/details/transrapidundrad00scha_088. 
  53. ↑ "Toot Sweet! - French Train Tops 350 MPH to Break Record". National Union of Rail, Maritime, and Transport Workers (RMT) website. 3 April 2007. http://rmtbristol.org.uk/2007/04/toot_sweet_french_train_tops_3.html. 
  54. ↑ "Sokol can't fly yet". Railway Gazette International. 1 October 2001. http://www.railwaygazette.com/news/single-view/view//sokol-can39t-fly-yet.html. 
  55. ↑ "Talgo: History". www.talgo.com. http://www.talgo.com/htm/historia101.htm. 
  56. ↑ "DSB Litra EB, DSB EB lokomotiv - historie, data, tegning, billeder osv.". https://www.jernbanen.dk/motor.php?s=8&litra=EB&typenr=. 
  57. ↑ oe24.at - ÖBB-Zug "railjet" mit Geschwindigkeitsrekord
  58. ↑ "APPENDIX 5 : Design Data : High Horsepower Electric Locomotive (for Amtrak, MARC)". Bombardier Transportation. http://www.sonic.net/~mly/Caltrain-Electrification/2000-08-Rolling-Stock-Draft/a5.pdf. 
  59. ↑ "Caltrain Electrification Project", sonic.net: Section 4: ELECTRIC ROLLING STOCK EQUIPMENT POWER, 4.3.1.4 High Horsepower Amtrak/MARC Locomotive, August 2000, http://sonic.net/~mly/Caltrain-Electrification/2000-08-Rolling-Stock-Draft/4.pdf 
  60. ↑ "MARC Riders Advisory Council Meeting Summary Minutes". January 18, 2018. https://s3.amazonaws.com/mta-website-staging/mta-website-staging/files/Community/MARCRAC_Minutes_20178-01-18.pdf. 
  61. ↑ "Penn Line schedule change: April 23". https://mta.maryland.gov/content/penn-line-schedule-change-april-23. 
  62. ↑ "Shanghai Maglev Train (431 km/h) - High Definition Video". http://shanghaichina.ca/video/maglevtrain.html. 
  63. ↑ "Japan's maglev train breaks world speed record with 600 km/h test run". The Guardian. United Kingdom: Guardian News and Media Limited. 21 April 2015. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/apr/21/japans-maglev-train-notches-up-new-world-speed-record-in-test-run. 
  64. ↑ Keith Barrow (17 April 2015). "Japan breaks maglev speed record". International Railway Journal. http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/high-speed/japan-breaks-maglev-speed-record.html?channel=523. 
  65. ↑ Ichihara, Tomohiro (22 April 2015). "Japanese rail company eyes exports to cover maglev costs". Nikkei. http://asia.nikkei.com/Business/Companies/Japanese-rail-company-eyes-exports-to-cover-maglev-costs. 
  66. ↑ 66.0 66.1 66.2 66.3 66.4 "Transrapid design history". https://www.maglev.net/transrapid-design-history. 



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