Engineering:TOS-2

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The TOS-2 (Tosochka) (Russian: тяжёлая огнемётная система [ТОС-2], romanized: Tyazhyelaya ognemyotnaya sistema [TOS-2], Heavy Flamethrower System) is a Russian multiple rocket launcher capable of using thermobaric warheads, mounted on a 3-axle truck chassis. TOS-2 was designed to attack enemy fortified positions and lightly armoured vehicles and transports, in open terrain in particular.

History

Full side view of the TOS-2

On 12 January 2018, it was announced that NPO Splav was working on a prototype of a next generation TOS-1 system for preliminary tests. The system with improved tactical and technical characteristics will be made on a wheeled chassis.[1]

The new TOS-2 (Tosochka) system was first unveiled during the 2020 Moscow Victory Day Parade,[2] and further showcased during the Kavkaz-2020 drills in September 2020. It is equipped with a more powerful TBS-M3 rocket and its own crane. It has also an increased range and is protected from precision weapons.[3][4] The system uses the 6x6 Ural-63706-0120 all-terrain vehicle instead of the tracked armored chassis of the TOS-1A.[2]

The TOS-2 entered service with the Central Military District on 6 January 2021.[5]

In late May 2022, TASS reported that the system was deployed in Ukraine during the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.[2] In October 2023, the TOS-2 system was sighted in the area surrounding Kreminna, Luhansk Oblast.[6] It was reported in August 2024 that the range of the system has been extended, up to 20 km.[7] Supplies of a masking coating began in October 2024.[8]

On 14 February 2025, it was claimed that the first Russian TOS-2 MLRS was destroyed by artillery fire in the "Pokrovsk region".[9][better source needed] As of 18 June 2025, OSINT defense analysis website Oryx lists one TOS-2 as destroyed and one as damaged.[10]

Munitions

  • The MO.1.01.04 (Russian: неуправляемый реактивный снаряд) are 3.3 m (10 ft 10 in) long and weigh 173 kg (381 lb).[11] The original rocket for the TOS-1A had a range of only 2,700 m (8,900 ft). Modernized systems with active protection, new engine and launchers and other improvements were delivered in early 2018.[12][13]
  • The MO.1.01.04M rocket is 3.7 m (12 ft 2 in) long and weighs 217 kg (478 lb).[14] This version extends the range to 6,000 m (20,000 ft). The system was modernized in 2016.[15]
  • The M0.1.01.04M2 rocket was upgraded in March 2020 to a heavier thermobaric warhead and better 10km range, to operate outside the range of modern ATGMs.[14]
  • Side view of the TOS-2 with closeup of small 3-link crane attachment
    Side view of the TOS-2 with closeup of small 3-link crane attachment
  • Rear view of the TOS-2
    Rear view of the TOS-2
  • TOS-2 system operating near Avdiivka
    TOS-2 system operating near Avdiivka

See also

  • TOS-1 Buratino – a Soviet 30-barrel MLRS introduced in 1988 and mounted on a T-72 / T-90 tank chassis.
  • TOS-1A Solntsepyok – an extended-range 24-barrel variant of TOS-1 introduced in 2003.
  • TOS-3 (fr) – a 2024 prototype-stage larger-caliber 15-barrel MLRS with a tracked tank chassis and the TOS-2 launcher.

References

  1. ↑ "Опытный образец тяжелой огнеметной системы нового поколения создается в России" (in Russian). https://tass.ru/armiya-i-opk/4869003. 
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Russia deploys in Ukraine its new TOS-2 thermobaric rocket launcher system". 28 May 2022. https://www.armyrecognition.com/ukraine_-_russia_conflict_war_2022/russia_deploys_in_ukraine_its_new_tos-2_thermobaric_rocket_launcher_system.html. 
  3. ↑ "New Russian military equipment used during 'Kavkaz 2020' exercise". October 2020. https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/new-russian-military-equipment-used-during-kavkaz-2020-exercise. 
  4. ↑ "Russian military use newest TOS-2 heavy flamethrower for the first time". https://tass.com/defense/1205065. 
  5. ↑ "В войска ЦВО поступили новые тяжелые огнеметные системы "Тосочка"". 6 January 2021. https://ria.ru/20210106/tosochka-1592097160.html. 
  6. ↑ @EjShahid (18 October 2023). "Росіяни демонструють перші кадри роботи ТОС-2 "Тосочка" в населеному пункті Кремінна, Луганська область. Location: Kreminna, Luhansk Oblast, Ukraine 49.038123, 38.185804 @GeoConfirmed @UAControlMap Source: t.me/rian_ru/218519". https://twitter.com/EjShahid/status/1714360674699157504. 
  7. ↑ "Firing range of Tosochka flamethrower system extended". 2024-08-13. https://tass.com/defense/1828589. 
  8. ↑ "Ростех разработал «невидимое» покрытие для огнеметных систем «Тосочка»" (in ru). https://rostec.ru/media/news/rostekh-razrabotal-nevidimoe-pokrytie-dlya-ognemetnykh-sistem-tosochka/#start. 
  9. ↑ "Russian superweapon falls, first TOS-2 MLRS lost in Ukraine" (in en). https://bulgarianmilitary.com/2025/02/16/russian-superweapon-falls-first-tos-2-mlrs-lost-in-ukraine/. 
  10. ↑ "Attack On Europe: Documenting Russian Equipment Losses During The Russian Invasion Of Ukraine". https://www.oryxspioenkop.com/2022/02/attack-on-europe-documenting-equipment.html. 
  11. ↑ "TOS-1A Solntsepyok". WEAPONSYSTEMS.NET. https://weaponsystems.net/system/322-TOS-1A+Solntsepyok. 
  12. ↑ "ЦАМТО / Новости / На вооружение полка РХБ защиты ЗВО поступили модернизированные тяжелые огнеметные системы ТОС-1А "Солнцепек"". http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2018/0326/110045981/detail.shtml. 
  13. ↑ "ЦАМТО / Новости / В ЮВО поступили модернизированные тяжелые огнеметные системы ТОС-1А "Буратино"". http://www.armstrade.org/includes/periodics/news/2018/0410/142046252/detail.shtml. 
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 "M0.1.01.04M". https://www.deagel.com/Defensive%20Weapons/M0.1.01.04M/a003355. 
  15. ↑ "Russian defense contractor puts new types of armament into production this year". http://tass.com/defense/921184. 

Template:Soviet and Russian artillery after WW2



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