Organization:Narec

From HandWiki
Short description: Offshore energy research organisation
National Renewable Energy Centre
TypeNot for profit company
IndustryRenewable energy
Energy efficiency
Founded2002
FounderOne NorthEast
Headquarters
Blyth, Northumberland
,
England
Key people
Andrew Jamieson (CEO)
ServicesTesting
Certification
Demonstration
Websiteore.catapult.org.uk

Narec, since 2014 known as the National Renewable Energy Centre, is a part of the Offshore Renewable Energy (ORE) Catapult, a British technology innovation and research centre for offshore wind power, wave energy, tidal energy and low carbon technologies. ORE Catapult's head office is in Glasgow, Scotland. The centre operates multi-purpose offshore renewable energy test and demonstration facilities.[1] It is similar to other centres, such as NREL in the US[2] and National Centre for Renewable Energies (es) (CENER) in Spain. The National Renewable Energy Centre is based in Blyth, Northumberland.

History

Originally known as NaREC (New and Renewable Energy Centre), the centre was created in 2002 by One NorthEast, the North East regional development agency, as part of the Strategy for Success programme.[3] In 2010 the organisation changed its name to Narec (National Renewable Energy Centre).[4] In April 2014, the organisation merged with the Offshore Renewable Energy (ORE) Catapult to focus on the development and cost reduction of offshore wind, wave and tidal energy across the UK.[5][6]

The organisation was originally involved in a wide range of technologies, including:

  • Wind (onshore and offshore)
  • Transmission and distribution
  • Photovoltaics
  • Oil and gas
  • Marine renewables
  • Fuel cells
  • Microrenewables
  • Biomass[7]

In 2010, due to UK government cutbacks, Narec closed, sold off or separated parts of the business. Spin-off companies include:

Decerna – Working on energy efficiency, solar farm design, preparation of MW-scale battery sites, grid connection, and life-cycle assessment.[8] The company was renamed from Narec Distributed Energy Limited in 2022.[9][10]

Solar Capture Technologies – Specialises on bespoke and novel solar photovoltaic systems, including off-grid systems.[11] Renamed from Narec Solar in 2013.[12]

NCL Technology Ventures – A specialist healthcare investor,[13] originally created by Narec and Ashberg Limited.[14] Renamed from Narec Capital in 2013.[15]

Renewable Risk Advisers Limited – renamed from Narec Capital Risk Solutions Limited in 2012.[16]

Following its merger with ORE Catapult, the National Renewable Energy Centre now focuses on helping to de-risk and accelerate the development and commercialisation of the offshore renewable energy industry in the UK.

Operations

The National Renewable Energy Centre is involved in:

Wind turbine rotor blades

Product certification, verification and investigations for the next generation offshore wind turbines.[17][18][19][20]

Power trains and components

3MW and 15MW facilities that can perform independent performance and reliability assessments of full systems and components.[21][22]

Electrical networks

UKAS accredited laboratories with specialist test and measurement facilities to help develop technologies needed for developing power systems and exploring life extension opportunities for ageing assets.[23]

Subsea trials and demonstrations

Controlled onshore salt water location for all stages of technology development.[24]

Resource measurement and assessment

Open access facility for testing, calibrating and verifying remote sensor technologies[25]

Closed facilities

Clothier High Voltage Laboratory

The Clothier Electrical Testing Laboratory was opened in 1970 by A. Reyrolle & Company. Narec took over the facility in 2004, to use it to test the robustness of electrical infrastructure offshore locations to onshore sites.[26]

Although one of the few high voltage testing facilities in the world,[citation needed] the facility was closed by Narec in 2011 due to a lack of government funding.[27] Many parts of the lab were relocated to Narec's main campus in Blyth. The ruins of the original lab are now the property of Siemens.[28]

Current facilities

Charles Parsons Technology Centre

Built in 2004, this £5m facility contains a low voltage electrical laboratory for the testing of connecting renewable energy systems to the transmission and distribution grid.[29] Some of the equipment and staff from the closed Narec Clothier Electrical Testing Laboratory were moved to this facility.[30]

Training tower

This is a 27m high tower, for training of offshore wind technicians.[31]

Dry docks

Tests marine devices with three modified dry docks.[32]

Power train test facilities – 3MW and 15MW

Facilities that can perform independent performance and reliability assessments of full systems and components.[22][33]

Blade test 1 & 2

The blade testing facilities at National Renewable Energy Centre are designed to test wind turbine blades up to 100m in length. Blades are tested using a Compact Resonant Mass (CRM) system. ORE Catapult is working on a technique of blade testing known as "Dual Axis".[34][35]

European funded research

ORE Catapult is involved in a number of European funded research projects including Tidal EC, Optimus and LIFES50+.[36]

Conferences and papers

Narec staff have written papers which have appeared in journals and international energy conferences. These are mainly in the subjects of photovoltaics, wind, marine, and electrical infrastructure. A short list of some of these is given below:

  • Snapper, An efficient and compact direct electric power take-off device for wave energy converters.[37]
  • Availability and Estimation of Marine Renewable Energy Resources[38]
  • Marine Renewables: A Development Route Map for the UK[39]
  • Bivariate empirical mode decomposition and its contribution to wind turbine condition monitoring[40]
  • Experimental tests of an air-cored PM tubular generator for direct drive wave energy converters[41]
  • Fatigue testing of wind turbine blades with computational verification.[42]
  • Ensuring Reliability for Offshore Wind – Large Testing Facilities.[43]
  • Accelerating Technology Development for Round 3 Offshore Deployment.[44]
  • Electrical Network Testing & Simulation: An effective method of testing the fault ride through capabilities of Small Scale Distributed Generation[45]
  • Ensuring Reliability for Marine Renewable Drive Train Systems – Nautilus Testing Facilities[46]
  • LGBC Silicon Solar Cell with modified bus bar suitable for high volume wire bonding[47]
  • Process and device modelling for enhancement of silicon solar cell efficiency[48]
  • An intelligent approach to the condition monitoring of large scale wind turbines[49]
  • Lightning Arresters and Substation Protection[50]
  • Study on laser parameters for silicon solar cells with LCP selective emitters[51]
  • Low Cost, 100X point focus silicon concentrator cells made by the LGBC process[52]
  • Laser Grooved Buried Contact Concentrator Solar Cells[53]
  • Studying the Groove Profiles Produced for Fine Line Screen Printed Front Contacts in Laser Grooved Buried Contact Solar Cells.[54]
  • Investigation of cross wafer uniformity of production line produced LGBC concentrator solar cells[55]
  • Process Development of Coloured LGBC Solar Cells for BIPV Applications[53]
  • Process optimisation for coloured laser grooved buried contact solar cells[56]
  • Colour and Shape in Laser Grooved Buried Contact Solar Cells for Applications in the Built Environment[57]
  • Fine-Line Screen Printing in Large Area Laser Grooved, Buried Contact Silicon Solar Cells[58]
  • Progress of the LAB2LINE Laser Grooved Buried Contact Screen Printed Solar Cells Hybrid p-type Monocrystalline Process[59]
  • Development of Laser Fired Contact (LFC) Rear Passivated Laser Groove Buried Contact (LGBC) Solar Cells Using Thin Wafers[60]
  • The LAB2LINE laser grooved buried contact screen printed solar cells hybrid p-type monocrystaline process[61]
  • Integrated process and device 'TCAD' for enhancement of C-Si solar cell efficiency[62]
  • Screen printing in laser grooved buried contact solar cells: The LAB2LINE hybrid processes[63]
  • Surface passivation by silicon nitride in Laser Grooved Buried Contact (LGBC) silicon solar cells[64]
  • Optimisation of the front contact for low to medium concentrations in LGBC silicon solar cells[65]
  • Laser Grooved Buried Contact Solar Cells for Concentration Factors up to 100X[66]
  • Device Design and Process Optimisation for LGBC Solar Cells for Use Between 50X and 100X Concentration[67]
  • Design and Optimisation of Laser Grooved Buried Contact Solar Cells for Use At Concentration Factors Up To 100X[68]
  • Development of Laser Grooved Buried Contact Solar Cells for Use at Concentration Factors up to 100X[69]
  • Front contact modelling of monocrystaline silicon laser grooved buried contact solar cells[70]
  • Laser Grooved Buried Contact Concentrator Cells[71]
  • PC1D modelling of the efficiency of laser grooved buried contact solar cells designed for use at concentration factors up to 100X[72]
  • Front Dicing Technique for Pre-isolation of Concentrator Silicon Solar Cells[73]
  • Environmental sustainability of concentrator PV systems: Preliminary LCA results of the APOLLON project[74]
  • Process development of shape and colour in LGBC solar cells for BIPV applications[75]
  • A summary of the Havemor project – Process development of shaped and coloured solar cells for BIPV applications[76]
  • Process and device modelling for enhancement of silicon solar cell efficiency
  • Technological and Financial Aspects of Laser Grooved Buried Contact Silicon Solar Cell Based Concentrator Systems[77]
  • First results on the APOLLON project multi-approach for high efficiency integrated and intelligent concentrating PV modules (systems)[78]

References

  1. ↑ "Test & Demonstration assets – Catapult". https://ore.catapult.org.uk/testing. 
  2. ↑ "At the Heart of Innovation". http://www.narec.co.uk. 
  3. ↑ "Strategy For Success | Personal Growth Development | Inspiration at Strategyforsuccess.info". http://www.strategyforsuccess.info/page/news/article.cfm?articleId=1400. 
  4. ↑ "OFFSHORE RENEWABLE ENERGY CATAPULT". CompaniesInTheUK. http://www.companiesintheuk.co.uk/ltd/national-renewable-energy-centre. 
  5. ↑ "ORE Catapult and Narec merge". http://renews.biz/64303/ore-catapult-narec-link-ships. 
  6. ↑ "Narec to merge with Glasgow's Offshore Renewable Energy Catapult". http://www.thejournal.co.uk/business/business-news/narec-merge-glasgows-offshore-renewable-6917321. 
  7. ↑ "Welcome to NaREC". narec.co.uk. http://www.narec.co.uk/. 
  8. ↑ "About us" (in en-GB). 2 September 2022. https://www.decerna.co.uk/about-us/. 
  9. ↑ "Decerna Limited". https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/08183909. 
  10. ↑ "Narec Distributed Energy". http://www.narecde.co.uk/. 
  11. ↑ "Solar Capture Technologies". https://www.solarcapturetechnologies.com/. 
  12. ↑ "Solar Capture Technologies Limited". https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/07893854. 
  13. ↑ "NCL Technology Ventures". https://nclim.co.uk. 
  14. ↑ journallive Administrator (4 July 2011). "Narec Capital looking to raise £300m of funding". journallive. http://www.nebusiness.co.uk/business-news/latest-business-news/2011/07/04/narec-capital-looking-to-raise-300m-of-funding-51140-28987729/. 
  15. ↑ "NCL Technology Ventures". https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/07473115. 
  16. ↑ "Renewable Risk Advisers Limited". https://find-and-update.company-information.service.gov.uk/company/07327529. 
  17. ↑ "North American Windpower: ETI Invests In Narec Offshore Wind Test Facility". nawindpower.com. 7 July 2011. http://www.nawindpower.com/e107_plugins/content/content.php?content.8207. 
  18. ↑ "OneNortheast.com". http://www.onenortheast.com/page/news/article.cfm?articleId=4863. 
  19. ↑ "Narec reveals plans for giant turbine blade testing facility". businessgreen.com. 14 December 2009. http://www.businessgreen.com/bg/news/1801039/narec-reveals-plans-giant-turbine-blade-testing-facility. 
  20. ↑ "NAREC". http://www.wig.co.uk/NAREC.  [yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
  21. ↑ "Construction begins on the world's largest wind turbine drive train test facility". http://www.eti.co.uk/construction-begins-on-the-worlds-largest-wind-turbine-drive-train-test-facility/. 
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 "Samsung to test 7MW offshore turbine at UK's new Narec facility – Renewable Energy Focus". http://www.renewableenergyfocus.com/view/33277/samsung-to-test-7mw-offshore-turbine-at-uks-new-narec-facility/. 
  23. ↑ "Catapult lab raises HV ceiling". http://renews.biz/71163/catapult-lab-raises-hv-ceiling. 
  24. ↑ "UK: Tekmar Demonstrates Its Cable Protection Systems at ORE Catapult". Offshore Energy. 10 July 2014. http://subseaworldnews.com/2014/07/10/uk-tekmar-demonstrates-its-cable-protection-systems-at-ore-catapult/. 
  25. ↑ "Axys to deploy WindSentinel at UK's ORE Catapult". http://www.rechargenews.com/wind/1393926/axys-to-deploy-windsentinel-at-uks-ore-catapult. 
  26. ↑ "Chronicle Live: Number one for news, opinion, sport & celebrity gossip". http://www.nebusiness.co.uk/business-news/latest-business-news/2010/05/13/narec-in-advanced-talks-on-wind-turbine-tests-51140-26434889/2/. 
  27. ↑ "Plug could be pulled on testing lab". shieldsgazette.com. http://www.shieldsgazette.com/news/business/latest-news/plug_could_be_pulled_on_testing_lab_1_3230372. 
  28. ↑ "Urban explorers highlight the decay of the highest voltage lab in the world". newstatesman.com. 10 June 2021. http://www.newstatesman.com/politics/2013/02/urban-explorers-highlight-decay-highest-voltage-lab-world. 
  29. ↑ "One North Finance – Borrow Short Term Cash". http://www.onenortheast.co.uk/. Retrieved 4 May 2022. 
  30. ↑ "Narec | Electrical Networks info". http://www.narec.co.uk/electrical_networks_info/. 
  31. ↑ Elsevier Ltd. "Narec's wind turbine training tower ready for use". renewableenergyfocus.com. http://www.renewableenergyfocus.com/view/8202/narecs-wind-turbine-training-tower-ready-for-use/. 
  32. ↑ "New boss takes over at NaREC". newspostleader.co.uk. http://www.newspostleader.co.uk/news/local/new_boss_takes_over_at_narec_1_1614191. 
  33. ↑ Foxwell, David (26 October 2020). "Larger turbines and ambitious targets challenge testing capability" (in En). https://www.rivieramm.com/news-content-hub/larger-turbines-and-ambitious-targets-challenge-testing-capability-61422. 
  34. ↑ "Conference programme – EWEA 2015 Event". http://www.ewea.org/annual2015/conference/mobile/speakerdetails.php?id=710&day=5. 
  35. ↑ "New Modular Blade Dynamics Wind Turbine Blade Begins Testing In Blyth". 13 August 2015. http://cleantechnica.com/2015/08/13/new-modular-blade-dynamics-wind-turbine-blade-begins-testing-blyth/. 
  36. ↑ "Our community – Catapult". https://ore.catapult.org.uk/our-community. 
  37. ↑ ""SnapperTM": an efficient and compact direct electric power take-off device for wave energy converters". http://www.snapperfp7.eu/content/download/3176/48090/version/1/file/569309f66625676599b4b79a2547f9a3.pdf. 
  38. ↑ "World Maritime Technology Conference". http://www.narec.co.uk/cmsfiles/narec/pdf/wmtc2006programmefinal.pdf. 
  39. ↑ "World Renewable Energy Congress VIII BOOK OF ABSTRACTS". http://www.narec.co.uk/cmsfiles/narec/pdf/36703.pdf. 
  40. ↑ Yang, Wenxian; Court, Richard; Tavner, Peter J.; Crabtree, Christopher J. (2011). "Bivariate empirical mode decomposition and its contribution to wind turbine condition monitoring". Journal of Sound and Vibration 330 (15): 3766–3782. doi:10.1016/j.jsv.2011.02.027. Bibcode: 2011JSV...330.3766Y. 
  41. ↑ M.A. Mueller-N.J. Baker-L. Ran-N.G. Chong- Hong Wei-P.J. Tavner-P. McKeever (January 2008). IET Digital Library: Experimental tests of an air-cored PM tubular generator for direct drive wave energy converters. pp. 747–751. doi:10.1049/cp:20080621. http://digital-library.theiet.org/getabs/servlet/GetabsServlet?prog=normal&id=IEECPS0020080CP538000747000001&idtype=cvips&gifs=Yes&ref=no. 
  42. ↑ "Fatigue Testing of Wind Turbine Blades with Computation Verification". http://www.supergen-wind.org.uk/Phase1/docs/Court,%20Ridley,%20Jones,%20Bonnet%20and%20Dutton-17ICCM2009.pdf. 
  43. ↑ "Ensuring Reliability for Offshore Wind Turbines – Large Testing Facilities". http://www.taplondon.co.uk/bweaoffshore/files/RichardCourt.pdf. 
  44. ↑ "BWEA30 Conference Programme - Overview". http://www.bwea30.com/pdf/BWEA30Programme.pdf. 
  45. ↑ "CIRED2011 0030 final". http://cired.ir/CIRED2011/papers/CIRED2011_0030_final.pdf.  [yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
  46. ↑ "Ensuring Reliability for Marine Renewable Drive Train Systems – Nautilus Testing Facilities". http://www.narec.co.uk/cmsfiles/narec/Published_Papers/ICOE2010_Nautilus_Paper_Jamie_Grimwade.pdf. 
  47. ↑ "LGBC Silicon Solar Cell with modified bus bar suitable for high volume wire bonding". http://www.narec.co.uk/cmsfiles/narec/Published_Papers/2010_PVSAT6_-_LGBC_Silicon_Solar_Cell_with_modified_bus_bar_suitable_for_high_volume_wire_bonding.pdf. 
  48. ↑ "Process and device modelling for enhancement of silicon solar cell efficiency". http://www.narec.co.uk/cmsfiles/narec/Published_Papers/2010_PVSAT6_-_Process_and_device_modelling_for_enhancement_of_silicon_solar_cell_efficiency.pdf. 
  49. ↑ "An Intelligent Approach to the Condition Monitoring of Large Scale Wind Turbines". http://www.narec.co.uk/cmsfiles/narec/pdf/An_Intelligent_Approach_to_the_Condition_Monitoring_of.pdf. 
  50. ↑ "Lightning Arresters and Substation Protection". http://www.narec.co.uk/cmsfiles/narec/pdf/Chris_Ebden.pdf. 
  51. ↑ "STUDY ON LASER PARAMETERS FOR SILICON SOLAR CELLS WITH LCP SELECTIVE EMITTERS". http://www.narec.co.uk/cmsfiles/narec/pdf/Study_on_Laser_Parameters.pdf. 
  52. ↑ "157 666". http://b-dig.iie.org.mx/BibDig/P05-0850/pdffiles/papers/157_666.pdf.  [yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 "4th Photovoltaic Science, Applications and Technology Conference C89". http://www.pvsat.org.uk/PVSAT-4%20_Programme_Final.pdf. 
  54. ↑ "Articoli 2008-2010". http://www.casaccia.enea.it/sicri/uk/articoli/fr-0810.htm. 
  55. ↑ "BLDSS". bl.uk. http://direct.bl.uk/bld/PlaceOrder.do?UIN=252844816&ETOC=RN&from=searchengine%7ctitle=BLDSS%7cwork=bl.uk. 
  56. ↑ Devenport, S.; Roberts, S.; Heasman, K.C.; Cole, A.; Tregurtha, D.; Bruton, T.M. (2008). "Process optimisation for coloured laser grooved buried contact solar cells". 2008 33rd IEEE Photovolatic Specialists Conference. pp. 1–4. doi:10.1109/PVSC.2008.4922438. ISBN 978-1-4244-1640-0. 
  57. ↑ WIP Wirtschaft und Infrastruktur GmbH & Co Planungs KG (2008). "EU PVSEC Proceedings". Eupvsec-proceedings.com 1-5 September 2008: 3516–3519. doi:10.4229/23rdEUPVSEC2008-5BV.2.63. 
  58. ↑ WIP Wirtschaft und Infrastruktur GmbH & Co Planungs KG (2008). "EU PVSEC Proceedings". Eupvsec-proceedings.com 1-5 September 2008: 1677–1681. doi:10.4229/23rdEUPVSEC2008-2CV.5.28. 
  59. ↑ "SCREEN PRINTING IN LASER GROOVED BURIED CONTACT SOLAR CELLS: THE LAB2LINE HYBRID PROCESSES". http://www.narec.co.uk/cmsfiles/narec/Published_Papers/2CV_1_71.pdf. 
  60. ↑ "BLDSS". bl.uk. http://direct.bl.uk/bld/PlaceOrder.do?UIN=252844556&ETOC=RN&from=searchengine%7ctitle=BLDSS%7cwork=bl.uk. 
  61. ↑ WIP Wirtschaft und Infrastruktur GmbH & Co Planungs KG (2009). "EU PVSEC Proceedings". Eupvsec-proceedings.com 21-25 September 2009: 1318–1322. doi:10.4229/24thEUPVSEC2009-2CV.1.55. 
  62. ↑ "Emerging Technologies and Materials – School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering – Newcastle University". ncl.ac.uk. http://www.ncl.ac.uk/eece/research/groups/etm/etm-pv.htm. 
  63. ↑ "Photovoltaics International". http://www.photovoltaicsinternational.com/technical_papers/screen_printing_in_laser_grooved_buried_contact_solar_cells_the_lab2line_hy. 
  64. ↑ Claudio, G.; Bass, K.; Heasman, K.; Cole, A.; Roberts, S.; Watson, S.; Boreland, M. (2009). "Surface passivation by silicon nitride in Laser Grooved Buried Contact (LGBC) si". Harvard.edu 45 (4–5): 234. doi:10.1016/j.spmi.2008.10.044. Bibcode: 2009SuMi...45..234C. 
  65. ↑ "Optimisation of the Front Contact for Low to Medium Concentrations in LGBC Silicon Solar Cells". cnki.com.cn. http://cpfd.cnki.com.cn/Article/CPFDTOTAL-ZGTN200510001244.htm. 
  66. ↑ Cole, A.; Heasman, K.C.; Mellor, A.; Roberts, S.; Bruton, T.M. (2006). "Laser Grooved Buried Contact Solar Cells for Concentration Factors up to 100x". 2006 IEEE 4th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conference. pp. 834–837. doi:10.1109/WCPEC.2006.279586. ISBN 1-4244-0016-3. 
  67. ↑ "人人妻人人澡人人爱碰_高清不卡一区二区三区香蕉_伊人色综合琪琪久久社区_久久国产精品只做精品". http://www.eurosun2006.org/Annex6_ES06_Book-of-Abstracts.pdf. Retrieved 4 May 2022. 
  68. ↑ "21st EU PVSEC Proceedings Table of..". http://p12611.typo3server.info/.../21st_EU_PVSEC_Proceedings_Table_of...  [yes|permanent dead link|dead link}}]
  69. ↑ Bruton, T. M.; Roberts, S.; Mellor, A.; Heasman, K. C.; Cole, A. (2006). "Laser grooved buried contact sola... preview & related info – Mendeley". Conference Record of the 2006 IEEE 4th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, Wcpec-4 1: 834–837. doi:10.1109/WCPEC.2006.279586. http://www.mendeley.com/research/laser-grooved-buried-contact-solar-cells-concentration-factors-up-100x/. 
  70. ↑ "FRONT CONTACT MODELLING OF MONOCRYSTALLINE SILICON LASER GROOVED". Docstoc.com. http://www.docstoc.com/docs/28414011/FRONT-CONTACT-MODELLING-OF-MONOCRYSTALLINE-SILICON-LASER-GROOVED. 
  71. ↑ "Workshop on Concentrating Photovoltaic Power Plants: Optical Design and Power". http://www.concentrating-pv.org/marburg2007/program.html. 
  72. ↑ "BLDSS". bl.uk. http://direct.bl.uk/bld/PlaceOrder.do?UIN=210086818&ETOC=RN&from=searchengine%7ctitle=BLDSS%7cwork=bl.uk. 
  73. ↑ WIP Wirtschaft und Infrastruktur GmbH & Co Planungs KG (2010). "EU PVSEC Proceedings". Eupvsec-proceedings.com 6-10 September 2010: 941–945. doi:10.4229/25thEUPVSEC2010-1DV.5.28. 
  74. ↑ "apollon-eu.org". http://www.apollon-eu.org/results.htm%7ctitle=apollon-eu.org%7cwork=apollon-eu.org. Retrieved 4 May 2022. 
  75. ↑ "process development of shape and colour in lgbc solar cells for – Docstoc Search – Page 1". docstoc.com. http://www.docstoc.com/search/process-development-of-shape-and-colour-in-lgbc-solar-cells-for. 
  76. ↑ WIP Wirtschaft und Infrastruktur GmbH & Co Planungs KG (2009). "EU PVSEC Proceedings". Eupvsec-proceedings.com 21-25 September 2009: 4276–4279. doi:10.4229/24thEUPVSEC2009-5BV.2.80. 
  77. ↑ "Workshop on Concentrating Photovoltaic Power Plants: Optical Design and Grid Connection". http://www.concentrating-pv.org/darmstadt2009/papers.html. 
  78. ↑ Timo, G.; Martinelli, A.; Minuto, A.; Schineller, B.; Sagnes, I.; Jakomin, R.; Beaudoin, G.; Gogneau, Noelle et al. (2009). "First results on the apollon project multi-approach for high efficiency integrated and intelligent concentrating PV modules (Systems)". 2009 34th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC). pp. 002424–002429. doi:10.1109/PVSC.2009.5411295. ISBN 978-1-4244-2949-3. 

External links



Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Organization:Narec&oldid=3390705"