Organization:Prairie View A&M University
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Former names | Alta Vista Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas for Colored Youth (1876–1879) Prairie View State Normal School (1879–1899) Prairie View State Normal & Industrial College (1899–1945) Prairie View University (1945–1947) Prairie View A&M College of Texas (1947–1973)[1] |
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Motto | Prairie View Produces Productive People. |
Type | Public historically black land-grant university |
Established | 1876 |
Parent institution | Texas A&M University System |
Academic affiliations | TMCF |
Endowment | $148.5 million[2] |
President | Tomikia P. LeGrande, Ed.D. |
Academic staff | 486 full-time and 80 part-time[3] |
Students | 9,350 (fall 2021)[4] |
Location | Prairie View, Texas , U.S. |
Campus | Rural, 1,440 acres (5.8 km2) |
|u}}rs | Purple and gold[5] |
Nickname | The Hill, Panthers & Lady Panthers |
Mascot | Black Panther |
Website | www |
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Prairie View A&M University (PVAMU or PV) is a public historically black land-grant university in Prairie View, Texas. Founded in 1876, it is one of Texas's two land-grant universities and the second oldest public institution of higher learning in the state.[6] It offers baccalaureate degrees in 50 academic majors, 37 master's degrees and four doctoral degree programs through eight colleges and the School of Architecture. PVAMU is the largest HBCU in the state of Texas and the third largest HBCU in the United States. PVAMU is a member of the Texas A&M University System and Thurgood Marshall College Fund.
Prairie View A&M fields 18 intercollegiate sports team, commonly known by their "Prairie View A&M Panthers" nickname. Prairie View A&M competes in National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I and the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC). Prairie View A&M is the only charter member remaining in the conference.
History
The university was established as Alta Vista Agriculture & Mechanical College of Texas for Colored Youth The Sixteenth Legislature April 19, 1879 by Article 7 of the Texas Constitution of 1876, created near the end of the Reconstruction Era after the American Civil War. In that year, State Senator Matthew Gaines and State Representative William H. Holland – both former slaves who became leading political figures – crafted legislation for the creation of a state-supported "Agricultural and Mechanical" college. In the article, the constitution stated that "Separate schools shall be provided for the white and colored children, and impartial provisions shall be made for both." The legislation made Prairie A&M the first state supported institution of higher learning for African Americans in Texas.[7]
In an effort to comply with these constitutional provisions, the Fifteenth Texas Legislature, consistent with terms of the federal Morrill Land-Grant Colleges Act – which provided public lands for the establishment of colleges – authorized the "Alta Vista Agriculture and Mechanical College for the Benefit of Colored Youth" as part of the Agriculture and Mechanical College of Texas (now Texas A&M University).[5] It was established on the former Alta Vista Plantation.[8]
In 1945, the name of the institution was changed from Prairie View Normal and Industrial College to Prairie View University, and the school was authorized to offer, "as need arises," all courses offered at the University of Texas. In 1947, the Texas Legislature changed the name to Prairie View A&M College of Texas and provided that "courses be offered in agriculture, the mechanics arts, engineering, and the natural sciences connected therewith, together with any other courses authorized at Prairie View at the time of passage of this act, all of which shall be equivalent to those offered at the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas at Bryan." And finally in 1973, the legislature changed the name of the institution to Prairie View Agricultural & Mechanical University (Prairie View A&M University).[9]
In 1983, the Texas Legislature proposed a constitutional amendment to restructure the Permanent University Fund (PUF) to include Prairie View A&M University as a beneficiary of its proceeds. The 1983 amendment also dedicated the university to more enhancements as an "institution of the first class" under the governing board of the Texas A&M University System. The constitutional amendment was approved by the voters on November 6, 1984.[10]
In 2000, the Governor of Texas signed the Priority Plan, an agreement with the U.S. Department of Education Office of Civil Rights to establish Prairie View A&M University as an educational asset accessible by all Texans. The Priority Plan mandates creation of many new educational programs and facilities. It also requires removing language from the Institutional Mission Statement which might give the impression of excluding any Texan from attending Prairie View A&M University.[11]
In December 2020, philanthropist MacKenzie Scott donated $50 million to Prairie View A&M. The donation is the largest single gift in its history and one of the largest ever to a HBCU.[12]
In 2021, Prairie View A&M attained the R2 Carnegie Classification (Doctoral University; High Research Activity). Prairie View A&M is one of only 11 HBCUs to be granted R2 status and one of only four Texas A&M University System members in this category.[13][14]
Academics
University rankings | |
---|---|
National | |
THE/WSJ[15] | 372 |
U.S. News & World Report[16] | 395-435 |
Washington Monthly[17] | 173 |
Prairie View A&M University offers academic programs through the following administrative units:
- School of Architecture
- College of Agriculture and Human Sciences
- Marvin and June Brailsford College of Arts and Sciences
- College of Business
- Whitlow R. Green College of Education
- Roy G. Perry College of Engineering
- College of Juvenile Justice and Psychology
- College of Nursing
- School of Public and Allied Health
- Office of Graduate Studies
Prairie View A&M established the Texas Undergraduate Medical Academy (UMA) in 2004 which is a highly selective and rigorous pre-medical program designed to uniquely prepare academically talented undergraduates for success in medical, dental, pharmacy, or veterinary school.[18] UMA began due to a Texas legislative mandate in 2003 and is state funded with a mission to increase minority representation in the medical field and redress statewide healthcare professional shortages.[19]
Prairie View A&M established a highly selective honors program for academically exceptional undergraduates who meet the specified criteria.[20]
Prairie View A&M is consistently recognized as one of the top institutions in the country for producing the highest number of African-American architects and engineers by Diverse Issues in Higher Education.[21][22]
Prairie View A&M annually awards the second most STEM degrees in the Texas A&M University System.[23]
Prairie View A&M academic programs are accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges and each college within the university holds additional accreditation or certifications.[24]
For 2023, U.S. News & World Report ranked Prairie View A&M #331-440 in National Universities, #154 in Top Performers on Social Mobility (tie), #169-227 in Top Public Schools, #26 in Historically Black Colleges and Universities (tie), #196-212 in Best Undergraduate Engineering Programs, and #293 in Nursing.[25]
John B. Coleman Library
The John B. Coleman Library is the main library on campus. It is a five-story, 150,000 square foot building completed in 1988. The library provides several services to assist students and is home to over 370,000 Volumes, including over 700 print periodicals, and close to 4,000 media materials. The library is also home to an art gallery and a vast collection of historic and special archives.[26][27]
Campuses
Prairie View A&M has over 50 buildings on its 1,440-acre (5.8 km2) main campus in Prairie View, Texas which is 48.8 miles (78.5 km) northwest of Downtown Houston.[28] The campus is often referred to as "The Hill" because it rests on a hill in the region. The campus is also often described as one of the most beautiful in Texas.[29][30][31]
Prairie View A&M has two smaller branch campuses in Houston with the Northwest Houston Center and the College of Nursing in the Texas Medical Center. The branch campuses offer several degree programs.[32][33]
Demographics
Race and ethnicity[34] | Total | ||
---|---|---|---|
Black | 85% | ||
Hispanic | 8% | ||
Other[lower-alpha 1] | 2% | ||
White | 1% | ||
Asian | 1% | ||
Foreign national | 1% | ||
Economic diversity | |||
Low-income[lower-alpha 2] | 68% | ||
Affluent[lower-alpha 3] | 32% |
In spring 2022, the university enrolled 7,624 undergraduate students and 889 graduate students. 67% of students identify as female and 33% male. 88% of students are Texas residents.[35] Outside Texas, the top three states of origin for students were California (131), Louisiana (130), and Illinois (62). Outside the U.S., the top three countries of origin for international students were Nigeria (62), Equatorial Guinea (25), and India (16).[36]
Student life
Housing
In 1998 American Campus Communities (ACC) was awarded the contract to develop, build, and manage a student housing property at PVAMU.[37] Both student residence housing properties at PVAMU are owned and operated by ACC.[38][39] Freshmen students on campus may reside in the University College community. Upperclassmen may live in apartment style living in University Village[40] (phases I, II, III, VI, and VII). The first of these apartment buildings was built in 1995. The University Square, completed in October 2017, is the newest student housing facility on campus with 466 beds available for juniors, seniors, and graduate students.[41]
About 50% of PVAMU undergraduate students live on campus.[42]
Previous buildings that formerly housed students include Alexander Hall, Banks Hall, Buchanan Hall, Collins Hall, Drew Hall, L. O. Evans Hall, Fuller Hall, Holley Hall, and Suarez Hall. Suarez Hall was already closed in 1996. In 1997 Alexander Hall, Buchanan Hall, and Collins Hall had closed. In 1998 Holley Hall had closed. In 2000 Drew Hall, Evans Hall, and Fuller Hall had closed. During the same year, Alexander, Buchanan, and Holley had been demolished. In 2001 Banks Hall had closed.[43]
Student organizations
PVAMU is home to over 150 honorary, professional, special interest, and Greek organizations established on campus. Since 1982, the Student Government Association (SGA) has been the highest ranking student organization on campus and official voice of the student body to the University Administration, as well as all internal and external organizations.[44][45]
Student activities
Athletics
Prairie View A&M University offers a wide variety of varsity and intramural sports programs.
Men's and women's athletic teams are nicknamed the Panthers and the team colors are purple and gold. Prairie View A&M is a charter member of the Southwestern Athletic Conference (SWAC), and is a member of the West Division. Prairie View competes in NCAA Division I in all varsity sports; in football, the Panthers play in the Division I FCS.
Prairie View's most notable rivals are Texas Southern University and Grambling State University.
Football
In summer 2016, Prairie View A&M completed the first phase of construction on its $60 million football stadium and athletic field house. The state-of-the-art facility is 55,000 square feet and holds up to 15,000 people. The final phase of construction will increase capacity to 30,000 people. In fall 2018, Aaron "General" Walker donated $25 million to Panther stadium. A statue is soon to be built.[46]
Men's basketball
All home basketball games are held in the William Nicks Building which was built in the early 1960s. The building has gone through several renovations since its inception and holds approximately 6,500 people.[47]
Baseball
Prior to a double header against the Texas Southern Tigers, a ribbon cutting ceremony was held for the renovated baseball stadium on April 26, 2014. Along with the opening, the stadium was formally dedicated to former Panthers baseball coach, John W. Tankersley. The renovated stadium features seating for 512 including 192 chair backed seats, new concession stand, new restrooms, press box, and bricked dugouts. The stadium is also Wi-Fi enabled.[48] The Panthers dedicated the stadium sweeping the double header winning 9–0 and 7–4.[49]
Marching Storm
Prairie View A&M's marching band is officially known as the Marching Storm and has close to 300 active members. Some of the band accomplishments include performing at the Super Bowl, the Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade, a U.S. presidential inauguration, the Tournament of Roses Parade, the Honda Battle of the Bands, the Houston Rodeo, the grand opening of the NRG Stadium, and at a 2004 Dallas Cowboys game with Destiny's Child. The band made an appearance on MTV in 2011.[50][51][52] In 2022, the band starred in a TV docuseries entitled "March" on The CW Network.[53] From 1984 to 2009 the marching band was directed by George Edwards.[54] The band is currently under the direction of Dr. Tim Zachary.[55][56]
Black Foxes
The Black Foxes are the 15–20 member danceline that accompanies the band.[57]
Twirling Thunder
The Twirling Thunder are the 20-25 member color guard that performs with the band.[58]
Notable alumni
Name | Class year | Notability | Reference(s) |
---|---|---|---|
Lawrence Allen Jr. | Former member of the Texas State Board of Education (2005–2023) | [59] | |
Hise Austin | 1973 | Former NFL defensive back | |
Sebastian Barrie | 1992 | Former NFL defensive tackle | [60] |
Arthur Bryant | 1931 | Restaurateur. 2021 Inductee Barbecue Hall of Fame | |
Clora Bryant | Jazz trumpeter | [61] | |
Zelmo Beaty | 1962 | Professional and College Basketball Hall of Fame athlete who played in the NBA and ABA from 1962 to 1975 | |
Julius W. Becton, Jr. | 1960 | Lieutenant General US Army, Federal Emergency Management Agency Director, educator, and past president of PVAMU | |
Dr. J. Don Boney | 1948 | First president of the University of Houston–Downtown | [62] |
Charlie Brackins | 1955 | One of the first African-American NFL quarterbacks | [63] |
Kirko Bangz (real name Kirk Randle) | Attended | Hip-Hop artist | [64] |
Charles Brown | 1942 | Blues recording artist and member of Rock & Roll Hall of Fame | [65] |
Emanuel Cleaver | 1972 | Member of the U.S. House of Representatives for the 5th district of Missouri since 2005 | [66] |
Cecil Cooper | Attended | 5-time MLB All-Star who played first baseman from 1971 to 1987, Houston Astros manager from 2007 to 2009 | [67] |
Cynthia Cooper-Dyke | 2005 | Former WNBA player, Women's Basketball Hall of Fame inductee, published author, and Head Coach of the USC women's basketball team | |
Clem Daniels | 1959 | Former NFL running back | [68] |
Bertha Des Verney | Musician and educator in Harlem | [69] | |
Dorrough (real name Dorwin Demarcus Dorrough) | Attended | Rapper | [70] |
Terry Ellis | 1990 | Vocalist and member of female R&B group En Vogue | [71] |
Louis Edwin Fry Sr. | 1922 | Architect and professor; former Chair of the School of Architecture at Howard University | [72] |
Adrian Hamilton | 2012 | Linebacker for the Baltimore Ravens of the NFL since 2012 | |
Ken Houston | 1966 | Member Pro Football Hall of Fame, 13-year career as strong safety with Houston Oilers and Washington Redskins | |
Louise Daniel Hutchinson | Historian | [73] | |
Lenwood Johnson | Activist for the Fourth Ward, Houston and Allen Parkway Village | [74] | |
Jim Kearney | 1964 | Defensive back in the NFL and AFL from 1965 to 1976 | |
Kase Lawal | 1978 | Chairman & CEO of Erin Energy Corporation | |
Loni Love | 1991 | Comedienne, actress, and co-host and producer of The Real | |
Jermaine McGhee | 2007 | Former NFL defensive end | |
Sidney A. McPhee | 1976 | President of Middle Tennessee State University | |
E. Walter Miles | 1955 | Political scientist and constitutional law scholar | [75] |
Jim Mitchell | 1968 | Former NFL tight end | [76] |
Thomas Monroe | 1990 AFL Ironman of the Year | ||
Frederick D. Patterson | Founder of United Negro College Fund | ||
Ervin Perry | 1956 | First African American faculty member at University of Texas at Austin and at a predominantly white university in the South | [77] |
DJ Premier (real name Christopher Edward Martin) | Attended | Member of Gang Starr | [78] |
Inez Beverly Prosser | 1913 | First African-American woman to receive a doctoral degree in psychology | [79] |
Dewey Redman | Jazz saxophonist | ||
Alvin Reed | 1966 | Former NFL tight end | [80] |
Clay Smothers | Member of the Texas House of Representatives from Dallas County from 1977 to 1981; operator of St. Paul Industrial Training School in Malakoff, Texas | [81] | |
Quinton Spears | 2011 | Current NFL linebacker | |
Megan Thee Stallion (real name Megan Pete) | Attended | Rapper | |
James H. Stewart | Member of the Texas House of Representatives from Robertson County from 1885 to 1887 | [82] | |
Mr. T (real name Laurence Tureaud) | Attended | Actor who played B. A. Baracus in The A-Team | [83] |
Otis Taylor | Former NFL wide receiver and member of 1969 World Champion Kansas City Chiefs Hall of Fame | ||
Bonita H. Valien | Sociologist at Fisk University, author of books about school desegregation | [84] | |
Preston Valien | Sociologist at Fisk University and Brooklyn College; cultural attache in Nigeria | [85] | |
Calvin Waller | 1959 | U.S. Army General and Deputy Commander-in-Chief in the Persian Gulf War | [86] |
Craig Washington | 1966 | Member of the U.S. House of Representatives for the 18th district of Texas from 1989 to 1994 | [87] |
Craig Watkins | 1990 | District attorney of Dallas County, Texas since 2007 | [88] |
Mark Hanna Watkins | 1926 | Linguist and anthropologist; first African-American to be awarded a Ph.D. in anthropology; first American to write a grammar of an African language | [89] |
Dave Webster | 1959 | Former American Football League All-Pro football player for the Dallas Texans/Kansas City Chiefs, Prairie View A&M University Hall of Fame inductee and one of the first blacks to play professional football in the American Football League. | |
Arthuryne J. Welch-Taylor | 1937 | education professor at several HBCUs, researcher with the National Education Foundation | |
James E. White | 1986 | Former member of the Texas House of Representatives from Tyler County | [90] |
Clarence Williams | 1968 | Former NFL defensive end | [91] |
Donnie Williams | American football player |
See also
- Ruth Simmons, First black president of an Ivy League institution and the first woman president of Prairie View A&M
- Flossie M. Byrd, First Provost and Vice President for Academic Affairs at Prairie View A&M
- KPVU 91.3 FM Radio, Prairie View A&M radio station
- History of African Americans in Houston
Notes
References
- ↑ "College History". Prairie View A&M University. https://www.pvamu.edu/about_pvamu/college-history/.
- ↑ "EXCLUSIVE: HBCU Endowments Grew by More Than One Billion Dollars in 2021". December 22, 2022. https://tpinsights.com/exclusive-hbcu-endowments-grew-by-more-than-one-billion-dollars-in-2021/.
- ↑ "College Navigator - Prairie View A & M University". https://nces.ed.gov/collegenavigator/?q=Prairie+View&s=all&id=227526.
- ↑ https://www.pvamu.edu/ir/wp-content/uploads/sites/98/Enrollment-By-Ethnicity-2.pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ↑ Jump up to: 5.0 5.1 PVAMU Visual Identity Guidelines. https://www.pvamu.edu/include/Public_Relations/visual_identity_guidelines.pdf. Retrieved 2016-04-09.
- ↑ "Total Student Enrollment By Ethnicity Fall 2010 – Fall 2014". Prairie View A&M University. https://www.pvamu.edu/PDFFiles/Institutional%20Research%20and%20Effectiveness/fact-book-2010-2014/enrollment/Total-Enrollment-by-Ethnicity.pdf.
- ↑ Rixon, Karla (November 9, 2010). "Prairie View A&M University (1878-- ) • BlackPast". https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/prairie-view-m-university-1878/.
- ↑ Ketterer, Samantha (2022-02-07). "Enslaved people toiled at a plantation where Prairie View A&M now stands. Researchers want to know their stories". https://www.houstonchronicle.com/news/houston-texas/education/article/Enslaved-people-toiled-at-a-plantation-where-16833077.php. Retrieved 2022-03-28.
- ↑ RUBLE, WOOLFOLK, GEORGE (June 15, 2010). "PRAIRIE VIEW A&M UNIVERSITY". https://tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/kcp06.
- ↑ "General info". www.pvamu.edu. https://www.pvamu.edu/ir/wp-content/uploads/sites/98/General-Information1.pdf.
- ↑ "College History". https://www.pvamu.edu/about_pvamu/college-history/.
- ↑ "A Gift to PVAMU: Donor Announces $50 Million Gift to Prairie View A&M University". December 15, 2020. https://www.pvamu.edu/blog/a-gift-to-pvamu-donor-announces-50-million-gift-to-prairie-view-am-university/.
- ↑ "PVAMU achieves prestigious Carnegie R2 Classification". January 3, 2022. https://www.pvamu.edu/blog/pvamu-achieves-prestigious-carnegie-r2-classification/.
- ↑ "11 HBCUs Awarded the Coveted R2 Status in the New Carnegie Classification Update - Blavity". https://blavity.com/10-hbcus-awarded-the-coveted-r2-status-in-the-new-carnegie-classification-update?category1=news.
- ↑ "U.S. College Rankings 2020". Wall Street Journal/Times Higher Education. https://www.timeshighereducation.com/rankings/united-states/2020#!/page/0/length/25/sort_by/rank/sort_order/asc/cols/stats.
- ↑ "2021 Best National University Rankings". U.S. News & World Report. https://www.usnews.com/best-colleges/rankings/national-universities.
- ↑ "2020 National University Rankings". Washington Monthly. https://washingtonmonthly.com/2020college-guide/national.
- ↑ "Application : Undergraduate Medical Academy". Pvamu.edu. https://www.pvamu.edu/uma/home/admissions/application/.
- ↑ USA (2015-09-28). "Addressing medical school diversity through an undergraduate partnership at Texas A&M Health Science Center: a blueprint for success". Acad Med 83 (5): 512–5. doi:10.1097/ACM.0b013e31816be5cf. PMID 18448910.
- ↑ "The Honors Program". Pvamu.edu. https://www.pvamu.edu/honorsprogram/.
- ↑ Bhatia, Anchal (22 December 2014). "PVAMU is the Top Producer of Black Architecture Undergrads". IBCU Lifestyle. http://hbculifestyle.com/pvamu-black-architecture-undergrads/.
- ↑ "Top 100 Degree Producers: Baccalaureate". http://diverseeducation.com/top100/BachelorsDegreeProducers2015.php?AppKey=38d31000g2h3a9a0b3f1b9i5j0e0&ComparisonType1_1=%3D&MatchNull1_1=N&school=Prairie+View+A+%26+M+University&ComparisonType2_1=%3D&MatchNull2_1=N&state=zip&ComparisonType3_1=%3D&MatchNull3_1=N&major=zip&ComparisonType4_1=%3D&MatchNull4_1=N&race=zip.
- ↑ "The Texas A&M University System: Facts 2015-2016". http://assets.system.tamus.edu/files/communications/pdf/Facts2015.pdf.
- ↑ "Accreditations : PVAMU Home". Pvamu.edu. https://www.pvamu.edu/discover-pvamu/accreditation/.
- ↑ "Prairie View A&M University Rankings". U.S. News & World Report. https://www.usnews.com/best-colleges/prairie-view-am-university-3630/overall-rankings.
- ↑ "About the Library". http://www.pvamu.edu/library/about-the-library/.
- ↑ "25th Anniversary of the John B. Coleman Library". https://www.pvamu.edu/library/wp-content/uploads/sites/48/25thanniversaryprogram11-15-13.pdf.
- ↑ "Campus Map". https://www.pvamu.edu/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Campus-Map.pdf.
- ↑ "Prairie View A&M hosts USA Track and Field For Final Training Before The Olympics". https://onnidan.com/newsroom/july-sept-2016/4694-prairie-view-a-m-hosts-usa-track-and-field-for-final-training-before-the-olympics.
- ↑ "Grand Opening of the Dream!". The Living Legacy: Prairie View A&M Foundation Newsletter 6 (1). March 2016. http://pvamf.org/images/uploads/PVAMF_Newsletter_March_2016_FINAL_LR_(1).pdf. Retrieved September 11, 2017.
- ↑ "New football stadium ushers in next era at Prairie View A&M". August 27, 2016. http://www.chron.com/sports/college/article/New-football-stadium-ushers-in-next-era-at-9188609.php.
- ↑ "Contact Us". https://www.pvamu.edu/nursing/contact-us/.
- ↑ "Northwest Houston Center". https://www.pvamu.edu/northwest/.
- ↑ "College Scorecard: Prairie View A&M University". United States Department of Education. https://collegescorecard.ed.gov/school/?227526-prairie-view-a-m-university.
- ↑ "Prairie View A&M University - Tuition and Acceptance Rate". https://www.petersons.com/college-search/prairie-view-a-and-m-university-000_10003938.aspx.
- ↑ https://www.pvamu.edu/marcomm/wp-content/uploads/sites/114/PVAMU-Fact-Book-2022-Digital-spreads.pdf
- ↑ "Company News". Austin American-Statesman. June 27, 1998. http://nl.newsbank.com/nl-search/we/Archives?p_product=AASB&p_theme=aasb&p_action=search&p_maxdocs=200&p_topdoc=1&p_text_direct-0=0EA07554A2B56965&p_field_direct-0=document_id&p_perpage=10&p_sort=YMD_date:D&s_trackval=GooglePM. "American Campus Communities has been awarded projects totaling $52.5 million to develop, build and manage three student housing projects at Prairie View A&M University, Texas A&M University and Iona College."
- ↑ Home page . University College. Retrieved on October 5, 2011.
- ↑ Home page . University Village. Retrieved on October 5, 2011.
- ↑ "Department of Resident Life ." Prairie View A&M University. Retrieved on October 5, 2011. "Incoming Freshman Housing" links to University College, "Returning Student Housing" links to University Village
- ↑ "Ribbon-Cutting Ceremony Held for New 466-Bed Housing Facility : PVAMU News". https://www.pvamu.edu/news/2017/10/10/ribbon-cutting-ceremony-held-for-new-466-bed-housing-facility/.
- ↑ "Facts about PVAMU". https://www.pvamu.edu/recruitment/facts-about-pvamu/.
- ↑ "PVAMU Fact Book 1996–2001". Prairie View A&M University. p. 77. https://www.pvamu.edu/Include/IR/Fact_books/1996-2001-Fact-Book.pdf.
- ↑ "Organizations : Student Affairs". https://www.pvamu.edu/sa/studentengagement/organizations/.
- ↑ "Student Government Association". https://www.pvamu.edu/sga/.
- ↑ "New Look". Panther Stadium. http://www.panther-stadium.com/.
- ↑ "WILLIAM NICKS BUILDING". https://pvpanthers.com/sports/2014/7/30/MBB_0730141952.aspx.
- ↑ "Tankersley Field Ribbon Cutting, SWAC Baseball Showdown set for Saturday at 12:30 P.M.". Prairie View A&M University Athletics. April 23, 2014. http://pvpanthers.com/news/2014/4/23/BB_0423140424.aspx?path=baseball.
- ↑ "Panthers Dedicate Tankersley Field in Style with Doubleheader Sweep over TSU". Prairie View A&M University Athletics. April 26, 2014. http://pvpanthers.com/news/2014/4/26/BB_0426145059.aspx?path=baseball.
- ↑ "About Us : Marching Storm Band". https://www.pvamu.edu/marchingstorm/about-us/.
- ↑ "Prairie View A&M band to perform in Macy's Thanksgiving Day parade". https://www.khou.com/article/news/local/prairie-view-am-band-to-perform-in-macys-thanksgiving-day-parade/285-493754084.
- ↑ "Prairie View A&M University Marching Storm". https://www.pvamu.edu/academicaffairs/wp-content/uploads/sites/20/Dr.-Zachery-Presentation.pdf.
- ↑ "March, the CW's reality show, follows the marching band at an HBCU". January 25, 2022. https://www.realityblurred.com/realitytv/2022/01/march-cw-review/.
- ↑ Fiyah. "PVAMU's Marching Storm Director "George Edwards" Passes". http://www.tspnsports.com/2009/05/29/pvamus-marching-storm-director-passes.htm.
- ↑ "Tim Zachery". https://www.timzachery.com/.
- ↑ "Timmey Zachery - Music and Theatre". http://www.pvamu.edu/bcas/departments/music-theatre/music/faculty-and-staff/ttzachery/.
- ↑ "Congratulations to the 2016-17 Black Foxes Dance Line! : Marching Storm Band". https://www.pvamu.edu/marchingstorm/2016/04/10/congratulations-to-the-2016-17-black-foxes-dance-line/.
- ↑ "Twirling Thunder : Marching Storm Band". https://www.pvamu.edu/marchingstorm/category/marching-band/twirling-thunder/.
- ↑ "Lawrence Allen, Jr.". 2017-01-05. https://txdirectory.com/online/person/?id=26865&office=22067.
- ↑ "Sebastian Barrie". pro-football-reference.com. https://www.pro-football-reference.com/players/B/BarrSe20.htm.
- ↑ Ankeny, Jason. "Clora Bryant". https://www.allmusic.com/artist/clora-bryant-mn0001179578.
- ↑ "Dr. J. Don Boney". Past Presidents, University of Houston–Downtown (2000), www.uhd.edu. https://www.uhd.edu/about/president/boney.htm.
- ↑ Finder, Chuck (February 24, 2002). "Trail blazer: Willie 'The Pro' Thrower opened door for black quarterbacks". Pittsburgh Post-Gazette. http://old.post-gazette.com/sports/columnists/20020224finder0224p1.asp.
- ↑ Cline, Georgette (July 12, 2012). "Kirko Bangz Sheds Light on Marriage, Houston Rap Veterans, Ditching College". The Boombox. http://www.theboombox.com/2012/07/12/kirko-bangz-marriage/.
- ↑ "Brown, Tony Russell (Charles)". Handbook of Texas Online. http://www.tshaonline.org/handbook/online/articles/fbrcf.
- ↑ "CLEAVER, Emanuel, II, (1944 - )". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=C001061.
- ↑ PVPantherAthletics YouTube channel (October 19, 2011). "Prairie View A&M Baseball Receives Visit From Cecil Cooper". YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3NfO0cV_D70.
- ↑ "Clem Daniels". NFL.com. http://www.nfl.com/player/clemdaniels/2512438/profile.
- ↑ Who's who in Colored America (Yenser 1942): 153, 156.
- ↑ Birchmeier, Jason. "Dorrough Biography". allmusic.com. http://www.allmusic.com/artist/dorrough-mn0002132219.
- ↑ "Terry Ellis". HBCU Connect. http://hbcuconnect.com/content/61038/terry-ellis.
- ↑ Wilson, Dreck Spurlock (March 2004). "Louis Edwin Fry Sr. (1903–2000)" (in en). African American Architects: A Biographical Dictionary, 1865-1945. Routledge. pp. 217–221. ISBN 978-1-135-95629-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=0OaSAgAAQBAJ.
- ↑ "Louise Daniel Hutchinson Interviews". Record Unit 9558. Smithsonian Institution Archives. https://siarchives.si.edu/collections/siris_arc_217726.
- ↑ "Lenwood Johnson". The Banner-Press. 2018-05-18. http://www.brenhambanner.com/obituaries/johnson/article_dcbcabd2-1217-5ae9-b3ca-b7228e7ac031.html.
- ↑ Fikes, Robert (19 January 2007). "Elijah Walter Miles (1934-2020)". Black Past. https://www.blackpast.org/african-american-history/miles-e-walter-1934/.
- ↑ "Jim Mitchell". NFL.com. http://www.nfl.com/player/jimmitchell/2521353/profile.
- ↑ "An Accomplished Engineer, Ervin Perry Made History as UT's First Black Faculty Member". University of Texas at Austin. https://cockrell.utexas.edu/an-accomplished-engineer-ervin-perry-made-history-as-uts-first-black-faculty-member.
- ↑ Ambrose, Patrick (September 2009). "DJ Premier: Hope to the Underground". The Morning News. http://www.themorningnews.org/article/dj-premier-hope-to-the-underground.
- ↑ Benjamin, Ludy T. (November 2008), "America's first black female psychologist", The Monitor (American Psychological Association) 39 (10): p. 20, http://www.apa.org/monitor/2008/11/prosser.aspx, retrieved March 7, 2020
- ↑ "Alvin Reed". NFL.com. http://www.nfl.com/player/alvinreed/2523850/profile.
- ↑ "Doris Eastman Harris, "Smothers ... New Voice of a Silent Majority", October 2, 1970". The Malakoff News. http://mln.stparchive.com/Archive/MLN/MLN10021970P10.php.
- ↑ Loughery, E. H. (1885). "Biographical Sketches of Members of the 19th Legislature". Personnel of the Texas State Government for 1885; Containing Biographical Sketches of the Governor, Heads of Departments and Members and Officers of the 19th Legislature. L. E. Daniell. p. 50. https://lrl.texas.gov/scanned/members/bios/Personnel_19th_1885.pdf. Retrieved October 23, 2023.
- ↑ "Mr. T biography". Biography.com. A&E Networks. https://www.biography.com/people/mr-t-413140.
- ↑ "Valien, Bonita (1912-2011)". Tulane University. http://amistadresearchcenter.tulane.edu/archon/?p=creators/creator&id=1130.
- ↑ "Valien, Preston (1914-1995)". Tulane University. http://amistadresearchcenter.tulane.edu/archon/?p=creators/creator&id=1131.
- ↑ "Waller, Lt. General Calvin (1937–1996)". Blackpast.org. http://www.blackpast.org/?q=aah/waller-lt-general-calvin-1937-1996.
- ↑ "WASHINGTON, Craig Anthony, (1941-)". Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=W000177.
- ↑ Timms, Ed; Emily, Jennifer (July 16, 2011). "After acclaim for exoneree work, Dallas DA Craig Watkins taking hits". The Dallas Morning News. https://www.dallasnews.com/news/community-news/dallas/headlines/20110716-after-acclaim-for-exoneree-work-dallas-da-craig-watkins-taking-hits-.ece.
- ↑ Wade-Lewis, Margaret (2005). "Mark Hanna Watkins". Histories of Anthropology Annual 1: 181–218. doi:10.1353/haa.0.0001. https://muse.jhu.edu/journals/haa/summary/v001/1.wade-lewis.html. Retrieved November 13, 2017.
- ↑ "Representative James White's Biography". votesmart.org. https://votesmart.org/candidate/biography/116939/james-white#.Uk0CrtK-pmM.
- ↑ "Clarence Williams". NFL.com. http://www.nfl.com/player/clarencewilliams/2528874/profile.
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