Philosophy:Epicheireme
An epicheireme (/ɛpiˈkaɪrim/ e-pee-KEYE-reem)[lower-alpha 1] is a compound syllogism in which at least one of the premises is stated along with a justification for itself.[1][2] Epicheirema are abridged polysyllogisms.[3] Like the enthymeme, epicheirema are often used in everyday speech.[citation needed]
Basic form
An epicheireme is a compound syllogism in which at least one of the premises is stated along with a justification for itself. The justificatory portion is referred to as a causal proposition, and is usually introduced by the words "for", "since", or "because". An example of an epicheireme is as follows, with the causal proposition marked in bold italics:[1][2]
- All waiters are beneficent because they cater to the needs of their customers.
- Darryl is a waiter.
- Therefore, Darryl is beneficent.
Three kinds of epicheirema
Epicheirema are categorized in three varieties, depending on which premise (or premises) contain a causal proposition. In a first order epicheireme, the causal proposition is in the major premise.[citation needed]
First Order Epicheireme
- All M are P, since r
- S is M
- Therefore, S is P
(where r is the justification for the proposition that precedes it)
In a second order epicheireme, the causal proposition is in the minor premise.[citation needed]
Second Order Epicheireme
- All M are P
- S is M, since r
- Therefore, S is P
In a third order epicheireme, there are causal propositions in both premises.[citation needed]
Third Order Epicheireme
- All M are P, since r1
- S is M, since r2
- Therefore, S is P
A concrete example of a third order epicheireme is as follows:
- All waiters are beneficent because they cater to the needs of their customers.
- Darryl is a waiter since Darryl serves tables at Chez Casimir
- Therefore, Darryl is beneficent.
Notes
- ↑ plural "epicheirema" /ɛpikaɪˈrimə/ e-pee-keye-REEM-ə
References
 |  |
