Philosophy:Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium
The Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (abbreviated WTCCC) is a collaboration between fifty research groups in the United Kingdom in the field of human genetics. Established in 2005, the WTCCC aims to conduct genome-wide association studies (GWASs) to shed light on the genetic architecture of common human diseases.[1] The founding chairman of the consortium was University of Oxford statistician Peter Donnelly. The consortium was funded by £9 million from the Wellcome Trust.[2] According to the consortium's website, it has identified "approximately 90" new susceptibility loci for common human diseases.[3]
The consortium's initial goal was to conduct large GWASs for eight common human diseases: tuberculosis, coronary heart disease, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, bipolar disorder and hypertension. These GWASs included a total of 19,000 subjects, of whom 2,000 had one of the eight diseases and an additional 3,000 served as controls.[2] The study participants were genotyped using Affymetrix's GeneChip Human Mapping 500K Array Set, and genotype calling was conducted with the Chiamo algorithm.[4]
The results of the WTCCC's initial research were reported in Nature in 2007. The research identified 24 genetic association "signals" that were statistically significant at P < 5 × 10−7.[5][6] At the time, this was the largest study ever conducted of the genetics of human diseases.[7] In announcing the study's findings at a London news conference, Donnelly said, "If you think of the genome as a very long road that you are trying to find your way along in the dark, previously we have only been able to turn lights on in a small number of places, but now we can turn on lights in a large number of places— in this case half a million lights".[8] The 2007 Nature paper was later named "paper of the year" by the Lancet,[9] and it led to the WTCCC being named "research leader of the year" by Scientific American.[10]
References
- ↑ "Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium" (in en). http://www.ucl.ac.uk/ukpdc/collaborators/wtccc-wellcome-trust-case-control-consortium.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Researchers set to find 'genetic signposts' for eight diseases" (Press release). Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium. 2005-09-28. Retrieved 2018-11-23.
- ↑ "Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium website" (in en-GB). https://www.wtccc.org.uk/.
- ↑ Browning, Brian L.; Browning, Sharon R. (2008-01-26). "Haplotypic analysis of Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium data" (in en). Human Genetics 123 (3): 273–280. doi:10.1007/s00439-008-0472-1. ISSN 0340-6717. PMID 18224336.
- ↑ Burton, Paul R.; Clayton, David G.; Cardon, Lon R.; Craddock, Nick; Deloukas, Panos; Duncanson, Audrey; Kwiatkowski, Dominic P.; McCarthy, Mark I. et al. (2007-06-07). "Genome-wide association study of 14,000 cases of seven common diseases and 3,000 shared controls" (in En). Nature 447 (7145): 661–678. doi:10.1038/nature05911. ISSN 0028-0836. PMID 17554300. Bibcode: 2007Natur.447..661B.
- ↑ Gibson, Greg; Goldstein, David B. (November 2007). "Human Genetics: The Hidden Text of Genome-wide Associations". Current Biology 17 (21): R929–R932. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2007.08.044. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 17983573.
- ↑ "Largest ever study of genetics of common diseases published today". Wellcome Trust (Press release). 2007-06-06. Retrieved 2018-11-23.
- ↑ "Genes linked to 7 common diseases" (in en-US). CBC News. 2007-06-07. https://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/genes-linked-to-7-common-diseases-1.631058.
- ↑ Summerskill, William (February 2008). "Paper of the year 2007". The Lancet 371 (9610): 370–371. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)60183-x. ISSN 0140-6736.
- ↑ Mossman, Kaspar (January 2008). "The Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium, U.K." (in en). Scientific American 298 (1): 42. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0108-42a. Bibcode: 2008SciAm.298a..42M.
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