Pha̍k-oa-chhi (白話字) is a Latin-based writing system for the Nanchang dialect of the Gan language. Pha̍k-oa-chhi is based on Pe̍h-ōe-jī for Hokkien, and it is also related to other orthographies as Pha̍k-fa-sṳ for Hakka, Bǽh-oe-tu for Hainanese, Bàng-uâ-cê for Foochow, and Pe̍h-uē-jī for Teochew.
Alphabet
Consonants
| Pha̍k-oa-chhi
|
Examples
|
IPA
|
| p
|
不丙八
|
[p]
|
| ph
|
便坡平
|
[pʰ]
|
| m
|
名卯免
|
[m]
|
| f
|
夫火話
|
[ɸ]~[f]
|
| t
|
丁典丹
|
[t]
|
| th
|
天土大
|
[tʰ]
|
| l
|
乃六男
|
[l]
|
| ch
|
中主九
|
[ts]~[tɕ]
|
| chh
|
七丈出
|
[tsʰ]~[tɕʰ]
|
| s
|
細司西
|
[s]~[ɕ]
|
| gn
|
年元女
|
[ɲ]~[nʲ]
|
| k
|
各光交
|
[k]
|
| kh
|
可口共
|
[kʰ]
|
| ng
|
哀安恩
|
[ŋ]
|
| h
|
下何合
|
[h]
|
| ∅ (null)
|
一也雲
|
∅
|
Vowels
Monophthongs
| Pha̍k-oa-chhi
|
Example
|
IPA
|
| a
|
下三人
|
[a]
|
| i
|
一丁世
|
[i]~[ɨ]
|
| u
|
中公共
|
[u]
|
| ṳ
|
主雲於
|
[y]
|
| e
|
冊則然
|
[ɛ]
|
| e̤
|
不政珍
|
[ə]
|
| o
|
上何作
|
[ɔ]
|
Diphthongs
| Pha̍k-oa-chhi
|
Example
|
IPA
|
| ai
|
介代
|
[ai]
|
| au
|
交保
|
[au]
|
| ia
|
也且
|
[ia]
|
| iu
|
久九
|
[iu]
|
| ie
|
幹便
|
[iɛ]
|
| ie
|
葉折
|
[iə]
|
| io
|
享亮
|
[iɔ]
|
| oa
|
凡刮
|
[ua]
|
| oi
|
久九
|
[ui]
|
| oe
|
國或
|
[uɛ]
|
| oe
|
-
|
[uə]
|
| uo
|
亡光
|
[uɔ]
|
| ṳo
|
全元
|
[yɔ]
|
Tone
| Tone
|
Example
|
Pha̍k-oa-chhi
|
| 陰平 Yin Ping
|
妻欺溪
|
chhi
|
| 陽平 Yang Ping
|
其器奇旗
|
chhí
|
| 上聲 Shang Sheng
|
啟氣豈起
|
chhî
|
| 陰去 Yin Qu
|
眵
|
chhī
|
| 陽去 Yang Qu
|
技
|
chhì
|
| 入聲 Ru Sheng
|
七極疾
|
chhi̍+p, t, k
|
External links
