Social:Pro-Europeanism

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Short description: Favouring European integration
Pro-European participants attending the Pulse of Europe rally in Cologne, Germany (2017)

Pro-Europeanism, sometimes called European Unionism,[1][2] is a political position that favours European integration and membership of the European Union (EU).[3]

Political position

Pro-Europeans are mostly classified as "centrist" (Renew Europe) in the context of European politics, including "centre-right" liberal conservatives (ex. EPP Group) and "centre-left" social democrats (ex. S&D and Greens/EFA). Pro-Europeanism is ideologically closely related to the Europe and Global liberal movement.[4][5][6][7]

Pro-EU political parties

Pan-European level

  • European Union EU: Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party,[8] European Free Alliance,[9] European Green Party,[10] European People's Party,[8] Party of European Socialists,[8] Volt Europa[11]

Within the EU

  • Austria Austria: Austrian People's Party,[12] Social Democratic Party of Austria,[13] The Greens – The Green Alternative, NEOS – The New Austria,[14] Volt Austria
  • Belgium Belgium: Reformist Mouvement, Open Flemish Liberals and Democrats,[15] Socialist Party, Vooruit, Christian Democratic and Flemish, Les Engagés, Ecolo, Green, Democratic Federalist Independent, Volt Belgium
  • Bulgaria Bulgaria: We Continue the Change, Yes, Bulgaria!, Union of Democratic Forces,[16][17][18] Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria,[18] Democrats for a Strong Bulgaria,[18] Bulgarian Socialist Party (factions),[19][20] Volt Bulgaria, Republicans for Bulgaria,[21] Stand Up.BG, United People's Party, Bulgaria for Citizens Movement, Movement 21, There Is Such a People
  • Croatia Croatia: Croatian Democratic Union,[22] Social Democratic Party of Croatia, Croatian Peasant Party, Croatian People's Party – Liberal Democrats, Civic Liberal Alliance, Istrian Democratic Assembly, People's Party – Reformists, Croatian Social Liberal Party, Centre
  • Cyprus Cyprus: Democratic Rally, Democratic Party, Movement for Social Democracy, Democratic Alignment, New Wave – The Other Cyprus, Volt Cyprus
  • Czech Republic Czech Republic: TOP 09,[23] Mayors and Independents, KDU-ČSL,[24] Czech Pirate Party,[25] Social Democracy,[26] Green Party,[27] Volt Czech Republic
  • Denmark Denmark: Danish Social Liberal Party,[28] Social Democrats,[29] Venstre,[30] Conservative People's Party,[31] Moderates, Volt Denmark
  • Estonia Estonia: Estonian Reform Party, Estonia 200, Estonian Social Democratic Party,[32] Estonian Greens, Isamaa
  • Finland Finland: Centre Party, National Coalition Party, Social Democratic Party of Finland, Green League, Swedish People's Party of Finland
  • France France: Renaissance, Democratic Movement, The Republicans, Socialist Party, Public Place, Radical Party of the Left, Europe Ecology – The Greens, The New Democrats, Génération.s, Radical Party, Union of Democrats and Independents, New Deal, Agir, En Commun, Horizons, Territories of Progress, Progressive Federation, Centrist Alliance, The Centrists, Ecologist Party, Democratic European Force, Volt France
  • Germany Germany: Christian Democratic Union, Social Democratic Party of Germany, Alliance 90/The Greens, Free Democratic Party, Christian Social Union in Bavaria, Die PARTEI,[33] Volt Germany
  • Greece Greece: New Democracy, Syriza, PASOK – Movement for Change, Union of Centrists, Movement of Democratic Socialists, Volt Greece
  • Hungary Hungary: Democratic Coalition, Jobbik, Hungarian Socialist Party, Momentum Movement, Dialogue – The Greens' Party, LMP – Hungary's Green Party, Hungarian Liberal Party, New Start
  • Republic of Ireland Ireland: Fine Gael, Fianna Fáil, Labour Party, Social Democrats, Green Party, Volt Ireland
  • Italy Italy: Democratic Party, Forza Italia, Italia Viva, Italian Left, More Europe, Volt Italy, Civic Commitment, Action, Italian Socialist Party, Social Democrats, Italian Republican Party, Solidary Democracy, Green Europe, Italian Radicals, Possible, Us of the Centre, Europeanists, Centrists for Europe, Moderates, Article One, European Republicans Movement, Forza Europa, Liberal Democratic Alliance for Italy, Alliance of the Centre (Italy), èViva, Sicilian Socialist Party, Team K
  • Latvia Latvia: Unity, For Latvia's Development, Movement For!, The Conservatives, The Progressives
  • Lithuania Lithuania: Homeland Union, Liberals' Movement, Lithuanian Farmers and Greens Union, Social Democratic Party of Lithuania, Freedom Party, Labour Party, Lithuanian Green Party
  • Luxembourg Luxembourg: Christian Social People's Party, Luxembourg Socialist Workers' Party, Democratic Party, The Greens, Volt Luxembourg
  • Malta Malta: Nationalist Party, Labour Party (factions), AD+PD, Volt Malta
  • Netherlands Netherlands: Democrats 66, People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, Labour Party, Christian Democratic Appeal, GroenLinks, DENK, Volt Netherlands
  • Poland Poland: Civic Platform, Poland 2050, .Modern, Polish People's Party, New Left, Your Movement, The Greens, Polish Initiative, Union of European Democrats, Polish Socialist Party[34]
  • Portugal Portugal: Social Democratic Party, Socialist Party, People–Animals–Nature Party, LIVRE, Liberal Initiative, Volt Portugal
  • Romania Romania: Save Romania Union, National Liberal Party, People's Movement Party, Renewing Romania's European Project, PRO Romania,[35] Green Party, NOW Party, Volt Romania
  • Slovakia Slovakia: Progressive Slovakia, Ordinary People and Independent Personalities, Christian Democratic Movement, Democrats, For the People, Voice – Social Democracy, Alliance, Volt Slovakia
  • Slovenia Slovenia: Freedom Movement, Social Democrats,[36] New Slovenia,[37] Democratic Party of Pensioners of Slovenia, Slovenian People's Party[38]
  • Spain Spain: People's Party, Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, Citizens, Volt Spain
  • Sweden Sweden: Swedish Social Democratic Party, Moderate Party, Centre Party, Liberals, Christian Democrats, Volt Sweden

Outside the EU

  • Albania Albania: Democratic Party of Albania, Socialist Party of Albania, Freedom Party of Albania, Libra Party, Social Democratic Party of Albania, Republican Party of Albania, Unity for Human Rights Party, Alliance for Equality and European Justice, Volt Albania
  • Armenia Armenia: Armenian Democratic Liberal Party, Armenian National Movement Party, Bright Armenia, Civil Contract, Conservative Party, European Party of Armenia, For The Republic Party, Free Democrats, Heritage, Liberal Democratic Union of Armenia, National Progress Party of Armenia, People's Party of Armenia, Union for National Self-Determination, Republic Party, Rule of Law, Sasna Tsrer Pan-Armenian Party, Social Democrat Hunchakian Party, Sovereign Armenia Party
  • Belarus Belarus: Belarusian Christian Democracy, BPF Party, United Democratic Forces of Belarus, Party of Freedom and Progress, United Civic Party of Belarus, Belarusian Social Democratic Party (Assembly), Belarusian Social Democratic Assembly
  • Bosnia and Herzegovina Bosnia and Herzegovina: Party of Democratic Action, Croatian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Social Democratic Party of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Democratic Front, People and Justice, Party of Democratic Progress, Our Party, People's European Union, For New Generations, Union for a Better Future, Independent Bloc
  • Georgia (country) Georgia: Georgian Dream, United National Movement, For Georgia, Lelo, European Georgia, Girchi - More Freedom, Girchi, Strategy Aghmashenebeli, Republican Party of Georgia, Georgian Labour Party, For the People, European Socialists, Free Democrats, Solidarity Alliance of Georgia
  • Iceland Iceland: Social Democratic Alliance, Reform Party
  • Kosovo Kosovo: Alliance for the Future of Kosovo,[39] Democratic League of Kosovo, Partia e Fortë
  • Moldova Moldova: Party of Action and Solidarity, National Alternative Movement, Liberal Party, European Social Democratic Party, Liberal Democratic Party, European People's Party, Pro Moldova, People's Party of the Republic of Moldova
  • Montenegro Montenegro: Europe Now!, Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro, Social Democratic Party of Montenegro, DEMOS, United Reform Action, Democratic Montenegro, Socialist People's Party, Liberal Party, Social Democrats, Bosniak Party, Civis, We won't give up Montenegro
  • North Macedonia North Macedonia: Social Democratic Union, BESA, New Social Democratic Party, Democratic Union for Integration, Alliance for Albanians, Liberal Democratic Party, VMRO-NP
  • Norway Norway: Conservative Party, Labour Party (factions), Liberal Party[40]
  • Russia Russia: Yabloko, People's Freedom Party, Green Alternative, Russia of the Future, Democratic Party of Russia
  • San Marino San Marino: Civic 10, Euro-Populars for San Marino, Future Republic, Party of Democrats, Party of Socialists and Democrats,[41] Sammarineses for Freedom, Socialist Party,[42] Union for the Republic[43]
  • Serbia Serbia: Democratic Party, Social Democratic Party, Liberal Democratic Party, Movement of Free Citizens, People's Party, New Party, Serbian Progressive Party, Social Democratic Party of Serbia, Party of Freedom and Justice, Together for Serbia, Serbia 21, Civic Democratic Forum, Party of Modern Serbia, Movement for Reversal
  • Switzerland Switzerland: Social Democratic Party of Switzerland (factions), Green Party of Switzerland (factions), Green Liberal Party of Switzerland, Volt Switzerland
  • Turkey Turkey: Democracy and Progress Party, Democratic Left Party, Democrat Party, Future Party, Good Party, Homeland Party, Liberal Democratic Party, Peoples' Democratic Party, Republican People's Party
  • Ukraine Ukraine: Servant of the People, Fatherland, European Solidarity, Voice, Self Reliance, Ukrainian People's Party, Our Ukraine, European Party of Ukraine, People's Front, Ukrainian Democratic Alliance for Reform, Volt Ukraine
  • United Kingdom United Kingdom: Liberal Democrats,[44][45] Green Party of England and Wales,[46] Scottish National Party (SNP),[47] Social Democratic and Labour Party (SDLP),[48] Scottish Greens,[49] Women's Equality Party,[50] Alliance Party of Northern Ireland,[51] Green Party Northern Ireland,[52] Mebyon Kernow,[53] Alliance EPP: European People's Party UK,[54] Volt UK, Animal Welfare Party[55]

Pro-EU newspapers and magazines

Note: Media outside of Europe may also be included.

Multinational European partnerships

  • Council of Europe: an international organisation whose stated aim is to uphold human rights, democracy, rule of law in Europe and to promote European culture. It has 46 member states.
  • Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe: the world's largest security-oriented intergovernmental organization, with 57 participating states mostly in Europe and the Northern Hemisphere.
  • Paneuropean Union: the oldest European unification movement.

See also


References

  1. ↑ Gowland, David. Britain and the European Union. Taylor & Francis, 2016. p.109
  2. ↑ Sadurski, Wojciech. Spreading Democracy and the Rule of Law?. Springer Science & Business Media, 2006. pp.51, 55
  3. ↑ Krisztina Arató, Petr Kaniok (editors). Euroscepticism and European Integration. Political Science Research Centre Zagreb, 2009. p.40
  4. ↑ Almeida, Dimitri (2012-04-27). The Impact of European Integration on Political Parties. Routledge. doi:10.4324/9780203123621. ISBN 978-0-203-12362-1. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203123621. 
  5. ↑ "Emmanuel Macron a Berlin pour se donner une stature européenne". Le Monde. 10 January 2017. http://www.lemonde.fr/election-presidentielle-2017/article/2017/01/10/emmanuel-macron-a-berlin-pour-se-donner-une-stature-europeenne_5060405_4854003.html. 
  6. ↑ Edwards, Maxim (13 December 2018). "Armenia's Revolution Will Not be Monopolized". Foreign Policy. https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/12/13/armenias-revolution-will-not-be-monopolized/. "Bright Armenia is an avowedly pro-EU and classical liberal political party..." 
  7. ↑ "Obama wades into French election fight" (in en). Politico. 20 April 2017. https://www.politico.com/story/2017/04/20/obama-speaks-with-emmanuel-macron-237405. ""President Obama appreciated the opportunity to hear from Mr. Macron about his campaign and the important upcoming presidential election in France, a country that President Obama remains deeply committed to as a close ally of the United States, and as a leader on behalf of liberal values in Europe and around the world," Lewis said." 
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 Demetriou, Kyriakos (2014). The European Union in Crisis : Explorations in Representation and Democratic Legitimacy. Springer. p. 46. ISBN 9783319087740. 
  9. ↑ "Who we are". https://e-f-a.org/who-we-are/. "The European Free Alliance is a pro-European party that endorses the European Union’s values, namely the principles of liberty, democracy, respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms and the rule of law." 
  10. ↑ "European Green Party Joins Pro-Europe Network's Ranks". European Greens. https://europeangreens.eu/news/european-green-party-joins-pro-europe-network%E2%80%99s-ranks. 
  11. ↑ "Volt Europa – About us". https://www.volteuropa.org/about. 
  12. ↑ "Austrian People's Party (ÖVP)". The Democratic Society. http://www.demsoc.org/2014/02/03/austrian-peoples-party-ovp/. 
  13. ↑ Ton Notermans (January 2001). Social Democracy and Monetary Union. Berghahn Books. p. 203. ISBN 978-1-57181-806-5. https://books.google.com/books?id=NKQB3czNk1oC&pg=PA203. 
  14. ↑ "Austria's Freedom Party sees vote rise". BBC News. 25 May 2014. https://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-eu-27572494. 
  15. ↑ Almeida, Dimitri (107). The Impact of European Integration on Political Parties: Beyond the Permissive Consensus. Routledge. pp. 107. 
  16. ↑ Nathaniel Copsey; Tim Haughton (2009). The JCMS Annual Review of the European Union in 2008. John Wiley & Sons. p. 56. ISBN 9781405189149. https://books.google.com/books?id=EJyo2IcMf50C&q=Pro-EU+UDF+Bulgaria&pg=PA56. Retrieved 16 December 2015. 
  17. ↑ Richard Davis Anderson (2001). Postcommunism and the Theory of Democracy. Princeton University Press. p. 147. ISBN 0691089175. https://books.google.com/books?id=1CAvWTseDDkC&q=Pro-EU+Union+of+Democratic+Forces+%28Bulgaria%29&pg=PA147. Retrieved 16 December 2015. 
  18. ↑ 18.0 18.1 18.2 Donatella M. Viola (2015). Routledge Handbook of European Elections. Routledge. p. 639. ISBN 9781317503637. https://books.google.com/books?id=7stgCgAAQBAJ&q=Pro-EU+bulgarian+party&pg=PA639. Retrieved 16 December 2015. 
  19. ↑ "Bulgaria's government will include far-right nationalist parties for the first time – The Washington Post". The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/monkey-cage/wp/2017/04/25/bulgarias-government-will-include-nationalist-parties-on-the-far-right-heres-why-and-what-this-means/?noredirect=on. 
  20. ↑ Tsolova, Tsvetelia (17 March 2017). "Socialists say Bulgaria pays high price for EU's Russia sanctions". Reuters. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-bulgaria-election-socialists/socialists-say-bulgaria-pays-high-price-for-eus-russia-sanctions-idUSKBN16O1AA?il=0. 
  21. ↑ "Цветан Цветанов оглави "Републиканци за България", заместник е Павел Вълнев". https://bnr.bg/post/101347014. 
  22. ↑ "Statut". http://hdz.hr/sites/default/files/statut_hrvatske_demokratske_zajednice_0.pdf. 
  23. ↑ "VOLEBNÍ PROGRAM 2017". https://www.top09.cz/proc-nas-volit/volebni-program/volebni-program-2017/. 
  24. ↑ "Evropa je prostorem společných hodnot". 10 December 2015. http://www.kdu.cz/aktualne/archiv/2015/evropa-je-prostorem-spolecnych-hodnot. 
  25. ↑ Předseda Pirátů Bartoš: Nejsme vítači migrantů a jít do vlády se nebojíme. Novinky.cz. Published on 10 September 2017
  26. ↑ "Česko by bez pomoci EU mohlo být popelnicí Evropy, míní Chmelař". 28 July 2017. https://www.cssd.cz/aktualne/aktuality/cesko-by-bez-pomoci-eu-mohlo-byt-popelnici-evropy-mini-chmelar/. 
  27. ↑ "Zelení: Evropa musí zahájit jednání o své federalizaci – Strana zelených". 24 June 2016. https://www.zeleni.cz/web/zeleni-evropa-musi-zahajit-jednani-o-sve-federalizaci/. 
  28. ↑ Claudia Hefftler (2015). The Palgrave Handbook of National Parliaments and the European Union. Palgrave Macmillan. p. 286]. ISBN 9781137289131. https://books.google.com/books?id=DqyYBgAAQBAJ&q=Pro-EU+Danish+Social+Liberal+Party&pg=PA286. Retrieved 16 December 2015. 
  29. ↑ "EU". http://www.socialdemokratiet.dk/da/politik/eu/. 
  30. ↑ "Europæisk Samarbejde". http://www.venstre.dk/politik/principprogram/europaeisk-samarbejde. 
  31. ↑ "EU-Politik – Det Konservative Folkeparti". http://konservative.dk/politik/alle-emner/eu-politik/. 
  32. ↑ "Riigikogu 2015 programm". 31 July 2017. http://www.sotsid.ee/erakond/programm-2015-aasta-riigikogu-valimistel/. 
  33. ↑ "EU-Aufklärung im Satire-Kostüm". https://www.deutschlandfunkkultur.de/sonneborn-in-der-volksbuehne-eu-aufklaerung-im-satire.1013.de.html?dram%3Aarticle_id=447097. 
  34. ↑ "PPS – Deklaracja ideowa PPS". http://www.naszpps.ppspl.eu/index.php/dokumenty-statutowe/8-deklaracja-ideowa-pps. 
  35. ↑ "Romania – Europe Elects". https://europeelects.eu/european-union/romania/. 
  36. ↑ "Program Socialne demokracije". http://www.socialnidemokrati.si/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/Manifest.pdf. 
  37. ↑ "About". http://english.nsi.si/about/. 
  38. ↑ "Temeljna načela SLS". http://www.sls.si/o-stranki/o-stranki/. 
  39. ↑ "Kosovo: early elections to be held June 8 - Politics". 8 May 2014. http://www.ansamed.info/ansamed/en/news/sections/politics/2014/05/08/kosovo-early-elections-to-be-held-june-8_6f29de92-6c37-4258-ad82-9b08d9c856f7.html. 
  40. ↑ Krekling, David Vojislav (27 September 2020). "Venstre går inn for at Norge skal bli medlem i EU". https://www.nrk.no/norge/venstre-gar-inn-for-at-norge-skal-bli-medlem-i-eu-1.15177141. 
  41. ↑ Rtv, San Marino (19 September 2013). "Congresso Psd: si cerca la mediazione su un nome che rappresenti le diverse anime". https://www.sanmarinortv.sm/news/politica-c2/congresso-psd-si-cerca-mediazione-nome-rappresenti-diverse-anime-a9559. 
  42. ↑ Rtv, San Marino (10 September 2013). "Referendum Europa: il Ps è per il sì". https://www.sanmarinortv.sm/news/politica-c2/referendum-europa-ps-si-a9613. 
  43. ↑ Rtv, San Marino (6 September 2013). "Referendum Ue: sì convinto dall'Upr". https://www.sanmarinortv.sm/news/politica-c2/referendum-ue-si-convinto-dall-upr-a9632. 
  44. ↑ "Protect Britain's place in Europe". https://www.libdems.org.uk/europe. 
  45. ↑ Stone, Jon (25 June 2016). "Liberal Democrats pledge to keep Britain in the EU after next election". The Independent. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/politics/brexit-eu-referendum-result-lib-dems-remain-liberal-democrats-live-policy-stay-leave-a7103186.html. 
  46. ↑ Mason, Rowena (14 March 2016). "Green party 'loud and proud' about backing Britain in Europe". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/mar/14/green-party-loud-proud-backing-britain-europe-brexit-lucas. 
  47. ↑ Carrell, Severin (3 March 2016). "Scotland to campaign officially to remain in the EU". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/mar/03/pro-eu-vote-would-harm-scottish-independence-ex-snp-deputy-jim-sillars. 
  48. ↑ McDonnell, Alasdair (10 June 2016). "McDonnell Brexit Address". http://sdlp.ie/news/2016/mcdonnell-brexit-address/. 
  49. ↑ Greer, Ross (22 February 2016). "Now is the time to fight to stay in Europe ... and to reform it from the left, not the right as Cameron plans". https://greens.scot/blog/now-is-the-time-to-fight-to-stay-in-europe-and-to-reform-it-from-the-left-not-the-right-as. 
  50. ↑ Walker, Sophie (26 July 2018). "Overconfident men brought us Brexit. It's not too late for women to fix it". The Guardian: p. Opinion. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/jul/26/brexit-womens-equality-party-eu. 
  51. ↑ Hughes, Brendan (22 February 2016). "EU referendum: Where Northern Ireland parties stand". http://www.irishnews.com/news/2016/02/22/news/eu-referendum-where-northern-ireland-parties-stand-425039/. 
  52. ↑ "Green Party Manifesto (2017, Westminster)". http://www.greenpartyni.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/GPNI-Manifesto-2017.pdf. 
  53. ↑ "A reformed Europe – Policies and Manifesto". https://www.mebyonkernow.org/policies/policy.php?id=36. 
  54. ↑ "What we believe". http://www.4freedomsparty.eu/what-we-believe.html. 
  55. ↑ "Vision" (in en-GB). 16 April 2010. https://www.animalwelfareparty.org/vision/. 
  56. ↑ Manuela Caiani, Simona Guerra, ed (2014). Euroscepticism, Democracy and the Media: Communicating Europe, Contesting Europe. Springer. p. 113. 
  57. ↑ John Lloyd, Cristina Marconi, ed (2014). Reporting the EU: News, Media and the European Institutions. Bloomsbury Publishing. p. 68. ISBN 9780857724595. https://books.google.com/books?id=jhGMDwAAQBAJ&dq=Pro-EU+Le+Figaro&pg=PA68. "In France, the big newspapers remain pro-European, notwithstanding the large success in the polls of the anti-EU movement led by Marine Le Pen – though the main paper of the centre right, Le Figaro, is now more critical." 
  58. ↑ Élisabeth Le, ed (2021). Degrees of European Belonging: The fuzzy areas between us and them. John Benjamins Publishing Company. p. 37. ISBN 9789027260192. https://books.google.com/books?id=5BceEAAAQBAJ&dq=Pro-European+Le+Monde&pg=PA37. "In these circumstances, it is particularly interesting to investigate how the pro-European Le Monde constructs the concept of "Europe" (i.e. who belongs and who does not) ..." 
  59. ↑ 59.0 59.1 Manuela Caiani, Simona Guerra, ed (2014). Euroscepticism, Democracy and the Media: Communicating Europe, Contesting Europe. Springer. p. 206. 
  60. ↑ Oireachtas, Houses of the (22 June 2016). "EU-UK Relations: Statements – Seanad Éireann (25th Seanad) – Wednesday, 22 Jun 2016 – Houses of the Oireachtas". https://www.oireachtas.ie/en/debates/debate/seanad/2016-06-22/10. 
  61. ↑ "[사설 유럽을 위기로 몰아넣는 영국의 선택"] (in ko). The Hankyoreh. 2016-06-24. https://www.hani.co.kr/arti/opinion/editorial/749604.html. "결국 영국은 편협한 안목으로 탈퇴를 선택함으로써 자국을 고립의 길로 이끌고 전 세계에 걱정거리를 안기고 말았다." 
  62. ↑ Peter J. Anderson, Tony Weymouth, ed (2014). Insulting the Public?: The British Press and the European Union. Routledge. p. 103. ISBN 9781317882831. https://books.google.com/books?id=Ck2gBAAAQBAJ&dq=Pro-European+Financial+Times&pg=PA103. "The Financial Times Having looked at two of the leading pro-European broadsheets, it is time to examine the discourse of the third, and in many ways the most pro-European, that of the Financial Times." 



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