Engineering:Toyota K platform
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Short description: Motor vehicle body platform
The Toyota K platform, informally known as the Toyota Camry platform, is a front-wheel-drive automobile platform (also adaptable to four-wheel-drive) that has underpinned various Toyota and Lexus models from the mid-size category upwards[1] since September 1999, starting with the Avalon (XX20).[2][3][4][5][6] Besides the Camry, the K platform was used on minivans, crossovers and luxury sedans. This platform was larger than the front-wheel-drive MC and New MC platforms, but less upscale than the N and New N platforms designed for rear-wheel drive luxury applications.[1] Starting with the XV70 Toyota Camry (2017), the new K platform (TNGA-K) is part of the Toyota New Global Architecture (TNGA).[7]
Features
- It is a front-wheel drive platform, with optional four-wheel drive.
- Four-wheel drive variants use either:
- V-Flex II system, which is a viscous-coupling torque-on-demand unit (on most models); or
- Symmetric full-time four-wheel drive (on Lexus RX and Highlander)
- e-FOUR system (rear wheels are driven by electric motors) on hybrid models.
- Engines are mounted transversely.
- MacPherson struts are used in suspension at all four corners with the exception of the Alphard and Previa, which uses a twist-beam rear suspension.
Applications
- Toyota Avalon — XX20 (1999–2004),[2] XX10 (2000–2005, for Australian market), XX30 (2004–2012),[5][6][8] XX40 (2012–2018)[9]
- Toyota Pronard — XX20 (2000–2004)
- Toyota X Runner — XX10 (concept car, 2003)
- Toyota Camry — XV30 (2001–2006),[4][5][6] XV40 (2006–2011),[8] XV50 (2011–2017)[10]
- Toyota Camry Solara — XV30 (2003–2009)[5][6][11]
- Toyota Aurion — XV40 (2006–2011),[8] XV50 (2011–2017)
- Toyota Highlander/Kluger — XU20 (2000–2007),[5][6] XU40 (2007–2013),[12] XU50 (2013–2019)[13]
- Toyota Previa/Estima/Tarago — XR30, XR40 (2000–2005)
- Toyota Alphard — AH10 (2002–2008)
- Toyota Sienna — XL20 (2003–2009),[5][6][14] XL30 (2010–2020)[15]
- Toyota Venza — AV10 (2008–2017)[12][16][17]
- Lexus ES — XV30 (2001–2006),[5] XV40 (2006–2012),[18] XV60 (2012–2018)[19]
- Toyota Windom — XV30 (2001–2006)
- Lexus RX — XU30 (2003–2008),[5][6] AL10 (2008–2015),[8] AL20 (2015–2022)
- Toyota Harrier — XU30 (2003–2013)
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Akita, Masahiro; Shiohara, Kunihiko (11 June 2012). "Observations on TNGA: How will Toyota's plans to make better cars affect suppliers" (PDF). Credit Suisse. pp. 2, 4. Archived from the original on 17 June 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140617142445/https://doc.research-and-analytics.csfb.com/docView?language=ENG&source=emfromsendlink&format=PDF&document_id=977831251&extdocid=977831251_1_eng_pdf&serialid=mloPNv7E0vSpbVXspCzREiMSkukb0pOZlgZROxrMRwE%3d.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "A look at Toyota's 25 years in Kentucky". KyForward. Lexington, Kentucky. http://www.kyforward.com/our-toyota/tmmktimeline/.
- ↑ "Affiliates (Toyota wholly-owned subsidiaries)-Toyota Motor Kyushu, Inc.". Toyota Motor Corporation. 2012. http://www.toyota-global.com/company/history_of_toyota/75years/data/automotive_business/production/production/japan/general_status/toyota_motor_kyushu.html. Retrieved 18 July 2014.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Whitfield, Kermit (1 September 2001). "Toyota Pursues the Elusive 'Triple WOW'". Automotive Design & Production. http://www.autofieldguide.com/articles/toyota-pursues-the-elusive-'triple-wow'. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 Kim, Liz (28 August 2001). "2002 Toyota Camry First Drive". http://www.edmunds.com/toyota/camry/2002/road-test.html. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.6 Sherefkin, Robert (20 August 2001). "He put Camry on track". Automotive News. http://www.autonews.com/article/20010820/SEO/108200736. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
- ↑ Mathioudakis, Byron (10 January 2017). "2017 Detroit Motor Show: 2018 Toyota Camry revealed". Wheels (Australia). https://www.wheelsmag.com.au/news/events/1701/2017-detroit-motor-show-all-new-2018-toyota-camry-revealed.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 Hayashi, Tatsuhiko (27 January 2009). "New Lexus SUVs Come with Smooth Luggage Compartment". Nikkei Technology Online. http://techon.nikkeibp.co.jp/english/NEWS_EN/20090127/164628/. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
- ↑ Phelan, Mark (24 June 2012). "Mark Phelan: Toyota's North American staff pitches in with Avalon redesign for 2013". Detroit Free Press. http://www.freep.com/article/20120624/COL14/206240437/Mark-Phelan-Toyota-s-North-American-staff-pitches-in-with-Avalon-redesign-for-2013. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
- ↑ Eisenstein, Paul A. (24 August 2011). "First Drive: 2012 Toyota Camry". The Detroit Bureau. http://www.thedetroitbureau.com/2011/08/first-drive-2012-toyota-camry/. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
- ↑ Booth, David (10 August 2011). "Car Review: 2004 Toyota Camry Solara Coupe". Canwest News Service. http://driving.ca/toyota/camry/reviews/road-test/road-test-2004-toyota-camry-solara-coupe-2. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
- ↑ 12.0 12.1 Riches, Erin (31 October 2008). "2009 Toyota Venza First Drive". http://www.edmunds.com/toyota/venza/2009/road-test1.html. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
- ↑ Mathioudakis, Bryon (28 March 2013). "Super Kluger!". Wheels. http://www.wheelsmag.com.au/news/1303/super-kluger!/.
- ↑ Dubow, Charles (10 March 2005). "2005 Toyota Sienna XLE Limited AWD". Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/2005/09/30/toyota-sienna-minivans-cx_cd_1003test_ls.html. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
- ↑ Filipponio, Frank (18 December 2009). "First Drive: 2011 Toyota Sienna tries to make the minivan cool". Autoblog.com. http://www.autoblog.com/2009/12/18/2011-toyota-sienna-first-drive/. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
- ↑ Vasilash, Gary S. (1 December 2008). "Venza Revealed". Automotive Design & Production. http://www.autofieldguide.com/articles/venza-revealed. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
- ↑ Wood, Colum (3 March 2015). "Toyota Venza Axed". http://www.autoguide.com/auto-news/2015/03/toyota-venza-axed.html. Retrieved 18 March 2015.
- ↑ Wilson, Greg (19 May 2006). "First Drive: 2007 Lexus ES 350". http://www.autos.ca/first-drives/first-drive-2007-lexus-es-350/. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
- ↑ Harley, Michael (24 January 2014). "2013 Lexus ES350". http://www.autoblog.com/2013/01/24/2013-lexus-es350-review/. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
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