Engineering:Toyota New Global Architecture

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Toyota New Global Architecture
2016 Toyota Prius (ZVW50L) Hybrid liftback (2016-04-02) 01.jpg
Fourth-generation Toyota Prius, the first vehicle to use the Toyota New Global Architecture platform
Overview
ManufacturerToyota
Production2015–present
Body and chassis
Platform
  • TNGA-B
  • TNGA-C
  • TNGA-F
  • TNGA-K
  • TNGA-L
  • e-TNGA
Chronology
Predecessor

The Toyota New Global Architecture (abbreviated as TNGA) are modular automobile platforms that underpin various Toyota and Lexus models starting with the fourth-generation Prius in late 2015.[1] TNGA platforms accommodate different vehicle sizes and also front-, rear- and all-wheel drive configurations.[2]

The platforms were developed as part of a company-wide effort to simplify the vehicles being produced by Toyota. Before the introduction of the TNGA, Toyota was building roughly 100 different platform variants.[3] (As of 2020), the five TNGA platforms underpin more than 50% of Toyota vehicles sold worldwide and is expected to underpin about 80% by 2023.[4]

Each platform is based on a standardized seat height that allows for sharing of key interior components such as steering systems, shifters, pedals, seat frames and airbags.[5] These components are often less visible, allowing for cars that share platforms to have unique interiors. Compared to Toyota's older platforms, TNGA costs 20 percent less to produce while offering increased chassis stiffness, lower centers of gravity for better handling and lower hood cowls for better forward visibility.[3]

The TNGA platform was developed alongside the Dynamic Force engine, which similarly is replacing more than 800 engine variants with a much simpler lineup of 17 versions of nine engines.[3] Toyota is also simplifying its lineup of transmissions, hybrid systems, and all-wheel drive systems.

TNGA-B (GA-B)

The TNGA-B platform underpins unibody vehicles in the A-segment or city car, B-segment or subcompact car, subcompact crossover SUV, and mini MPV categories. Developed by the internal "Toyota Compact Car Company",[6][7][8] the platform is offered in both front-wheel drive and all-wheel drive variants and is paired with a transverse engine.[9][10] The platform also supports a wheelbase length of 2,430–2,750 mm (95.7–108.3 in), while only supports three-cylinder engines.[11] The TNGA-B replaces the older B platform.

Vehicles using platform (calendar years):

  • Toyota Aqua

  • Toyota Aygo X

  • Toyota Sienta

  • Toyota Yaris

  • Toyota GR Yaris

  • Toyota Yaris Cross

  • Lexus LBX

TNGA-C (GA-C)

The TNGA-C platform underpins unibody vehicles in the C-segment or compact car, subcompact/compact crossover SUV, and compact/mid-size MPV categories. The platform is offered in both front-wheel drive and all-wheel drive variants and is paired with a transverse engine. The platform also supports a wheelbase length of 2,640–2,850 mm (103.9–112.2 in). The TNGA-C replaces the older MC/New MC platforms.

Vehicles using platform (calendar years):

  • Toyota Corolla

  • Toyota GR Corolla

  • Toyota Corolla Cross

  • Toyota C-HR

  • Toyota C-HR

  • Toyota Innova

  • Toyota Noah

  • Toyota Prius (XW50)

  • Toyota Prius (XW60)

  • Lexus UX

TNGA-F (GA-F)

The TNGA-F platform underpins body-on-frame vehicles in the mid- and full-size SUV and mid- and full-size pickup truck categories.[31] It supports a wheelbase length of 2,850–4,180 mm (112.2–164.6 in).

Vehicles using platform (calendar years):

  • Toyota Land Cruiser

  • Toyota Land Cruiser Prado

  • Toyota Sequoia

  • Toyota Tundra

  • Lexus LX

TNGA-K (GA-K)

The TNGA-K platform underpins unibody vehicles in the D-segment or mid-size car, E-segment or full-size car, compact/mid-size crossover SUV, and large MPV categories. The platform is offered in both front-wheel drive and all-wheel drive variants and is paired with a transverse engine. The platform also supports a wheelbase length of 2,690–3,060 mm (105.9–120.5 in). The TNGA-K replaces the older K platform.

Vehicles using platform (calendar years):

  • Toyota Alphard

  • Toyota Avalon

  • Toyota Camry (XV70)

  • Toyota Camry (XV80)

  • Toyota Century SUV

  • Toyota Crown Crossover

  • Toyota Crown Estate/Signia

  • Toyota Crown Sport

  • Toyota Harrier

  • Toyota Highlander

  • Toyota Grand Highlander

  • Toyota RAV4

  • Toyota Sienna

  • Lexus ES

  • Lexus NX

  • Lexus RX

  • Lexus LM

  • Lexus TX

TNGA-L (GA-L)

The TNGA-L platform underpins unibody vehicles in the E-segment or executive car, F-segment or full-size luxury car, and S-segment or grand tourer categories. The platform is offered in both rear-wheel drive and all-wheel drive variants and is paired with a longitudinal engine. The platform also supports a wheelbase length of 2,870–3,125 mm (113.0–123.0 in). The Crown was also produced with a narrow version at 1,800 mm (70.9 in) wide. The TNGA-L replaces the older N platform.

Vehicles using platform (calendar years):

  • Toyota Crown Sedan (S220)

  • Toyota Crown Sedan (S230)

  • Toyota Mirai

  • Lexus LC

  • Lexus LS

e-TNGA

e-TNGA is a modular platform dedicated to battery electric vehicles, which was announced in October 2019.[57] Internally known as the 40PL platform,[58] the platform will enable offering various type and size of vehicles, different battery capacity and with front-wheel drive, rear-wheel drive or dual motor all-wheel drive. This vehicle architecture is partitioned into five modules. These are the front module, center module, rear module, battery and motor. Up to three versions of each module are in development, including three capacities for the lithium-ion battery.[59][60][61] The first e-TNGA-based model is the bZ4X crossover, which was presented for the first time in April 2021.[62] Other vehicles planned by 2025 include a medium SUV, a medium minivan, a medium sedan, and a large SUV.[63] For Subaru-badged models, the platform is also known as the e-Subaru Global Platform (e-SGP).[64][65]

Vehicles using platform (calendar years):

  • Toyota bZ3

  • Toyota bZ4X

  • Lexus RZ

See also

References

  1. ↑ Stocklosa, Alexander (27 March 2015). "Cowa-TNGA! Toyota's New Modular Platform Reaching Production This Year". http://blog.caranddriver.com/cowa-tnga-toyotas-new-modular-platform-reaching-production-this-year/. 
  2. ↑ Akita, Masahiro (11 March 2013). "Opportunities and risks related to parts sourcing for next-gen Prius". Credit Suisse. pp. 1–3. https://doc.research-and-analytics.csfb.com/docView?language=ENG&source=ulg&format=PDF&document_id=1012009391&serialid=XdfQ4rJu3UA%2FZdiFZ4S6lYpBLucxhqiEFJe3A8Ytb8k%3D. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Reynolds, Kim (7 May 2015). "How the Toyota New Global Architecture Will Impact Mass-Car Building". Motor Trend. https://www.motortrend.com/news/toyota-new-global-architecture-mass-car-building/. 
  4. ↑ "Features of Toyota's New Powertrain" (in en). Toyota Motor Corporation. https://global.toyota/en/mobility/tnga/powertrain2018/feature/index.html. 
  5. ↑ Lin, Kelly (27 March 2015). "Toyota New Global Architecture to Debut This Year, Likely on the New Prius". Motor Trend. https://www.motortrend.com/news/toyota-new-global-architecture-to-debut-this-year-likely-on-the-new-prius/. 
  6. ↑ "トヨタ・コンパクト・カー・カンパニー宮内プレジデントに聞く！コンパクトカーの今". 2017-04-13. https://matome.response.jp/articles/412. 
  7. ↑ "世界基準のコンパクトカー誕生！ 新型「ヤリス」のこだわりポイントを紹介" (in ja). 2019-12-20. https://gazoo.com/car/info/19/12/20/. 
  8. ↑ "Untold Story of One-Year Delayed Yaris Launch" (in en). 2021-02-16. https://toyotatimes.jp/en/spotlights/118.html. 
  9. ↑ Bruce, Chris (5 September 2019). "Toyota Announces New TNGA Small Car Platform, Likely For Next-Gen Yaris". Motor1 (US). https://www.motor1.com/news/369058/toyota-tgna-small-vehicle-platform/. 
  10. ↑ "Toyota Brings TNGA To Small Cars With New GA-B Platform" (Press release). Europe: Toyota. 5 September 2019. Retrieved 9 October 2019.
  11. ↑ "トヨタ・ヤリスの本気——安藤眞の『テクノロジーのすべて』第40弾 ｜Motor-FanTECH[モーターファンテック"]. https://car.motor-fan.jp/tech/10012989. 
  12. ↑ "Toyota to Launch All-New Aqua" (in en). 2021-07-19. https://global.toyota/en/newsroom/toyota/35584064.html. 
  13. ↑ "New Toyota Aygo X – New Generation of Accessible Style and Fun" (Press release). Belgium: Toyota. 2021-11-05. Retrieved 2021-11-05.
  14. ↑ "Toyota's New Model Yaris Makes World Premiere" (Press release). Toyota. 16 October 2019. Retrieved 21 December 2019.
  15. ↑ "Toyota GR Yaris officially revealed". Motoring (Australia). 10 January 2020. https://www.motoring.com.au/toyota-gr-yaris-officially-revealed-122379/. 
  16. ↑ "Toyota Launches the New Sienta in Japan". Toyota Global Newsroom (Press release). Toyota City, Japan: Toyota Motor Corporation. 2022-08-23. Retrieved 2022-08-23.
  17. ↑ "Toyota's Yaris Cross Makes World Debut" (Press release). Toyota. 23 April 2020. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
  18. ↑ Thanos, Pappas (2021-12-06). "2022 Mazda2 Hybrid Is A Rebadged Toyota Yaris For Europe". CarScoops. https://www.carscoops.com/2021/12/2022-mazda2-hybrid-is-a-rebadged-toyota-yaris-for-europe/. 
  19. ↑ Page, Felix (2021-12-06). "New 2022 Mazda 2 Hybrid is Toyota Yaris-based supermini". Autocar. https://www.autocar.co.uk/car-news/new-cars/new-2022-mazda-2-hybrid-toyota-yaris-based-supermini. Retrieved 2021-12-06. 
  20. ↑ Padeanu, Adrian (2021-12-06). "2022 Mazda2 Debuts In Europe As Rebadged Toyota Yaris Hybrid". Motorsport Network. https://www.motor1.com/news/552623/2022-mazda2-specs-photos/. 
  21. ↑ "World Premiere of the All-New Lexus LBX" (in en). 2023-06-05. https://newsroom.lexus.eu/world-premiere-of-the-all-new-lexus-lbx/. 
  22. ↑ "New Auris" (Press release). Geneva: Toyota Europe. 6 March 2018. Retrieved 9 March 2018.
  23. ↑ Lye, Gerard (2020-07-09). "2020 Toyota Corolla Cross debuts in Thailand – TNGA platform; petrol and hybrid powertrains; from RM132k". Paultan.org (Malaysia: Driven Communications). https://paultan.org/2020/07/09/2020-toyota-corolla-cross-makes-its-official-global-debut-in-thailand/. 
  24. ↑ Ogbac, Stefan (8 March 2016). "Report: Toyota C-HR moved to TNGA platform midway through development". http://www.motortrend.com/news/report-toyota-c-hr-moved-to-tnga-platform-midway-through-development/. 
  25. ↑ Lye, Gerard (2022-11-21). "2023 Toyota Innova Zenix debuts – TNGA-based MPV; 3rd-gen is larger, gets hybrid power and active safety". Malaysia: Driven Communications. https://paultan.org/2022/11/21/2023-toyota-innova-zenix-debuts-in-indonesia/. 
  26. ↑ Khare, Satvik (2023-07-05). "Maruti Suzuki Invicto launched at Rs 24.79 lakh". https://www.autocarindia.com/car-news/maruti-suzuki-invicto-launched-at-rs-2479-lakh-428657. 
  27. ↑ "Toyota Launches New Noah and Voxy Minivans in Japan | Toyota | Global Newsroom" (in en). 2022-01-13. https://global.toyota/en/newsroom/toyota/36614730.html. 
  28. ↑ Dowling, Neil (8 March 2016). "Driven: Reset for Toyota's Prius hybrid king". http://www.goauto.com.au/mellor/mellor.nsf/story2/4E05804C5010E684CA257F70000CF363. 
  29. ↑ "World premiere for fifth-generation Toyota Prius, 100% Plug-in Hybrid for Europe" (Press release). Toyota Europe. 2022-11-16. Retrieved 2022-11-16.
  30. ↑ "World Debut of the Lexus UX, a New Genre of Crossover" (Press release). Japan: Toyota. 6 March 2018. Retrieved 9 March 2018.
  31. ↑ Duffy, Tyler (2020-07-11). "Toyota Might Be Planning Massive Changes to Its Trucks and SUVs" (in en-US). http://gearpatrol.com/cars/a689949/new-toyota-land-cruiser-tundra-details/. 
  32. ↑ "Toyota's New Land Cruiser Makes World Premiere" (Press release). Toyota. 2021-06-10. Retrieved 2021-06-10.
  33. ↑ "All-New Lexus LX Premieres as the 2nd Model of Lexus Next Generation Following NX" (in en). 2021-10-14. https://global.toyota/en/newsroom/lexus/36143534.html. 
  34. ↑ Hoffman, Connor (2022-01-26). "2023 Toyota Sequoia Arrives with a Standard Hybrid Powertrain". Car and Driver (US). https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a38857490/2023-toyota-sequoia-revealed-hybrid/. 
  35. ↑ Hoffman, Connor (2021-09-20). "2022 Toyota Tundra Takes Shots at Chevy, Ford, Ram Pickups" (in en-US). https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a37640057/2022-toyota-tundra-specs-revealed/. 
  36. ↑ Stumpf, Rob (20 September 2021). "2022 Toyota Tundra Hybrid Is Really About Performance, Not Efficiency" (in en). https://www.thedrive.com/tech/42413/2022-toyota-tundra-hybrid-is-really-about-performance-not-efficiency. 
  37. ↑ "Attainable Premium, Actualized: All-New 2019 Toyota Avalon Beams Effortless Sophistication, Style, and Exhilaration at the 2018 North American International Auto Show" (Press release). US: Toyota. 15 January 2018. Retrieved 30 May 2018.
  38. ↑ Booth, David (10 January 2017). "Toyota Camry redesigned for 2018 – and it actually looks good". http://driving.ca/toyota/camry/auto-shows/detroit-auto-show/best-selling-toyota-camry-redesigned-for-2018-and-it-actually-looks-good. 
  39. ↑ Gauthier, Michael (2022-07-15). "2023 Toyota Crown Debuts As A Re-Imagined Full-Size Sedan For The Crossover Era" (in en-US). https://www.carscoops.com/2022/07/toyota-crown-returns-to-america-with-standard-awd-and-up-to-340-hp/. 
  40. ↑ "Toyota to Unveil New Model Harrier in Japan" (Press release). Toyota City, Aichi: Toyota Global Newsroom. 2020-04-13. Retrieved 2020-04-13.
  41. ↑ Chan, Mick (2020-04-13). "All-new 2020 Toyota Harrier debuts – TNGA (GA-K) platform, 2.0L petrol, Direct Shift-CVT, no more turbo". Paultan.org (Malaysia: Driven Communications). https://paultan.org/2020/04/13/all-new-2020-toyota-harrier-debuts-tnga-ga-k-platform-2-0-petrol-direct-shift-cvt-no-more-turbo/. 
  42. ↑ "World Premiere of All-New 2020 Highlander at New York International Auto Show" (Press release). US: Toyota. 17 April 2019. Retrieved 17 April 2019.
  43. ↑ Wendler, Andrew (17 April 2019). "The 2020 Toyota Highlander Is a More Chiseled Version of Itself". Car and Driver (US). https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a27167925/2020-toyota-highlander-photos-info/. 
  44. ↑ Dowling, Joshua (11 May 2020). "Toyota Kluger Hybrid confirmed for Australia". CarAdvice (Australia). https://www.caradvice.com.au/849120/toyota-kluger-hybrid-confirmed-for-australia/. 
  45. ↑ Gauthier, Michael (2023-05-30). "Review: The 2024 Toyota Grand Highlander Is A Jack Of All Trades, Master Of Some". US: Carscoops. https://www.carscoops.com/2023/05/review-the-2024-toyota-grand-highlander-is-a-jack-of-all-trades-master-of-some/. 
  46. ↑ "Toyota Service Information – What's new?". Europe: Toyota. 19 January 2019. https://www.toyota-tech.eu/whatsNew.aspx. 
  47. ↑ "All-New 2019 Toyota RAV4 Serves Up A Breakthrough Debut At New York International Auto Show" (Press release). US: Toyota. 28 March 2018. Retrieved 10 May 2018 – via PR Newswire.
  48. ↑ "The RAV4 Plug-in Hybrid, Toyota's new hybrid flagship" (Press release). Brussels: Toyota Europe Newsroom. 2020-01-14. Retrieved 2020-04-30.
  49. ↑ Perez, Jeff. "2021 Toyota Sienna Debuts With Standard Hybrid Powertrain, Bold Looks" (in en). https://www.motor1.com/news/423740/2021-toyota-sienna-details/. 
  50. ↑ "The all-new Lexus ES: a higher level of performance and sophistication" (Press release). Automotive World. 25 April 2018. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  51. ↑ "World Premiere of the All-New Lexus LM" (Press release). Toyota Europe. 2023-04-18. Retrieved 2023-04-18.
  52. ↑ "All-New Lexus NX Premieres, Heraldling the Start of the Lexus Next Chapter" (Press release). Toyota. 2021-06-12. Retrieved 2021-06-18.
  53. ↑ "World Premiere of the All-New Lexus RX" (Press release). Toyota. 2022-06-01. Retrieved 2022-06-01.
  54. ↑ "New Information on Three New Crown Models | Toyota | Global Newsroom" (in en). 2023-04-12. https://global.toyota/en/newsroom/toyota/39070994.html. 
  55. ↑ "New Mirai hydrogen fuel cell electric vehicle - under the skin". UK: Toyota. 30 November 2020. https://blog.toyota.co.uk/new-mirai-hydrogen-fuel-cell-electric-vehicle. 
  56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 "New Lexus LS Flagship Sedan to Make Global Debut at the 2017 NAIAS" (Press release). US: Toyota. 8 December 2016. Archived from the original on 4 January 2019. Retrieved 22 December 2016.
  57. ↑ "Here Are Some Specs On The Toyota e-TNGA Platform For BEVs" (in en). https://insideevs.com/news/377578/specs-toyota-e-tnga-platform-bevs/. 
  58. ↑ "Maruti, Toyota aim to leapfrog rivals with global EV skateboard, latest battery tech". https://www.autocarindia.com/car-news/maruti-toyota-aim-to-leapfrog-rivals-with-global-ev-skateboard-latest-battery-tech-423536. 
  59. ↑ Kane, Mark (7 June 2019). "Toyota Goes Electric Starting In 2020: Announces Massive EV Offensive". InsideEVs (US). https://insideevs.com/news/353600/toyota-six-global-bevs/. 
  60. ↑ Panait, Mircea (8 June 2019). "New Toyota e-TNGA Platform Detailed, Every Model Will Be Electrified By 2025". autoevolution (Romania). https://www.autoevolution.com/news/new-toyota-e-tnga-platform-detailed-every-model-will-be-electrified-by-2025-135060.html. 
  61. ↑ "Toyota's Challenge – Aiming to Popularize BEVs" (PDF) (Press release). Toyota. 7 June 2019. Retrieved 15 January 2020.
  62. ↑ "Toyota announces its new BEV series, Toyota bZ, in establishment of a full line-up of electrified vehicles" (Press release). Toyota. Retrieved 2021-04-24.
  63. ↑ Panait, Mircea (2019-06-08). "New Toyota e-TNGA Platform Detailed, Every Model Will Be Electrified By 2025" (in en). https://www.autoevolution.com/news/new-toyota-e-tnga-platform-detailed-every-model-will-be-electrified-by-2025-135060.html. 
  64. ↑ "Subaru Solterra due in 2022 as firm's first electric car" (in en). https://www.autocar.co.uk/car-news/new-cars/subaru-solterra-due-2022-firms-first-electric-car. 
  65. ↑ 65.0 65.1 65.2 "Subaru Solterra announced - brand's upcoming C-segment EV SUV gets a name; launching in mid-2022 - paultan.org" (in en-US). 2021-05-11. https://paultan.org/2021/05/11/subaru-solterra-announced-brands-upcoming-c-segment-ev-suv-gets-a-name/. 
  66. ↑ Mihalascu, Dan (2022-10-24). "Toyota bZ3 Compact Electric Sedan Bows In China With 372-Mile Range". US: Motorsport Network. https://insideevs.com/news/618139/toyota-bz3-compact-electric-sedan-bows-in-china-with-372-mile-range/. 
  67. ↑ 67.0 67.1 "Toyota Debuts All-Electric SUV Concept" (Press release). US: Toyota. 2021-04-19. Retrieved 2021-04-25.
  68. ↑ Bruce, Chris (2021-12-14). "Lexus RZ 450e Design Unveiled As The Posh Toyota bZ4X Alternative" (in en). https://www.motor1.com/news/554440/lexus-rz-450e-official-photos/. 

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