Social:Federal parliamentary republic

Short description: Type of federation of states with a republican government form

A federal parliamentary republic refers to a federation of states with a republican form of government that is, more or less, dependent upon the confidence of parliaments at both the national and sub-national levels. It is a combination of the government republic and the parliamentary republic.

Such republics usually possess a bicameral legislature at the federal level out of necessity, so as to allow for a set, often equal number of representatives of the sub-national entities to sit in the upper house; however, the government, headed by a head of government, will be depending upon the lower house of parliament for its stability or legitimacy. If there is any confusion, this means that the government and the parliament share equal control, being a mix of the two.

List of federal parliamentary republics

Federation	Official style	Head of state elected by	Head of state	Head of government	Head of government elected by
Austria	Republic of Austria	Direct, by second-round system	President of Austria	Chancellor of Austria	Parliament, by majority
Ethiopia	Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia	Regions of Ethiopia	President of Ethiopia	Prime Minister of Ethiopia	Parliament, by two-thirds majority
Germany	Federal Republic of Germany	Federal Assembly (parliament and state delegates), by absolute majority	President of Germany	Chancellor of Germany	Parliament, by absolute majority
India	Republic of India	States of India	President of India	Prime Minister of India	Electoral College, parliament and state legislators, by single transferable vote
Iraq	Republic of Iraq	Regions of Iraq	President of Iraq	Prime Minister	Parliament, by two-thirds majority
Micronesia	Federated States of Micronesia	Subdivisions of Micronesia	President of Micronesia		Parliament, by majority
Nepal	Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal	Subdivisions of Nepal	President of Nepal	Prime Minister of Nepal	Parliament and state legislators
Pakistan	Islamic Republic of Pakistan	Subdivisions of Pakistan	President of Pakistan	Prime Minister of Pakistan	Electoral College, by two-thirds majority
Somalia	Federal Republic of Somalia	Subdivisions of Somalia	President of Somalia	Prime Minister of Somalia	Parliament
Switzerland	Swiss Confederation	Cantons of Switzerland	Federal Council		Federal Assembly (parliament and canton delegates), by absolute majority