Biography:Samuel Karlin
Samuel Karlin | |
|---|---|
| Born | June 8, 1924 Janów, Lublin Province, Second Polish Republic |
| Died | December 18, 2007 (aged 83) Palo Alto, California, US |
| Nationality | Polish |
| Citizenship | American |
| Alma mater | Illinois Institute of Technology Princeton University |
| Known for | BLAST Karlin-Rubin theorem (UMP tests of monotone likelihoods) geometry of moments[1] Total positivity Tchebycheff systems Optimal experiments |
| Awards | National Medal of Science (1989) John von Neumann Theory Prize (1987) |
| Scientific career | |
| Fields | mathematical sciences population genetics |
| Institutions | Stanford University |
| Doctoral advisor | Salomon Bochner |
| Doctoral students | Christopher Burge[2] Thomas Liggett Charles A. Micchelli John W. Pratt Stephen M. Samuels Charles Joel Stone Rupert G. Miller Marcel F. Neuts |
Samuel Karlin (June 8, 1924 – December 18, 2007) was an American mathematician at Stanford University in the late 20th century.
Education and career
Karlin was born in Janów, Poland and immigrated to Chicago as a child. Raised in an Orthodox Jewish household, Karlin became an atheist in his teenage years and remained an atheist for the rest of his life. Later in life he told his three children, who all became scientists, that walking down the street without a yarmulke on his head for the first time was a milestone in his life.[3]
Karlin earned his undergraduate degree from Illinois Institute of Technology; and then his doctorate in mathematics from Princeton University in 1947 (at the age of 22) under the supervision of Salomon Bochner. He was on the faculty of Caltech from 1948 to 1956, before becoming a professor of mathematics and statistics at Stanford.[3][4]
Throughout his career, Karlin made fundamental contributions to the fields of mathematical economics, bioinformatics, game theory, evolutionary theory, biomolecular sequence analysis, and total positivity.[4] Karlin authored ten books and more than 450 articles. He did extensive work in mathematical population genetics. In the early 1990s, Karlin and Stephen Altschul developed the Karlin-Altschul statistics, a basis for the highly used sequence similarity software program BLAST.[3]
Honors and awards
Karlin was a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences,[5] the National Academy of Sciences,[6] and the American Philosophical Society.[7] He won a Lester R. Ford Award in 1973.[8] In 1989, President George H. W. Bush bestowed Karlin the National Medal of Science "for his broad and remarkable research in mathematical analysis, probability theory and mathematical statistics, and in the application of these ideas to mathematical economics, mechanics, and population genetics."[9] He was elected to the 2002 class of Fellows of the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences.[10]
Personal life
One of Karlin's sons, Kenneth D. Karlin, is a professor of chemistry at Johns Hopkins University and the 2009 winner of the American Chemical Society's F. Albert Cotton Award for Synthetic Chemistry.[11] His other son, Manuel, is a physician in Portland, Oregon . His daughter, Anna R. Karlin, is a theoretical computer scientist, the Microsoft Professor of Computer Science & Engineering at the University of Washington.[12]
Selected publications
- Karlin, Samuel; Arrow, Kenneth J.; Suppes, Patrick (1960). Mathematical models in the social sciences, 1959: Proceedings of the first Stanford symposium. Stanford, California: Stanford University Press. ISBN 9780804700214.
- Karlin, Samuel; Fabens, Augustus J. (1960), "A stationary inventory model with Markovian demand", Mathematical models in the social sciences, 1959: Proceedings of the first Stanford symposium, Stanford mathematical studies in the social sciences, IV, Stanford, California: Stanford University Press, pp. 159–175, ISBN 9780804700214.
- S. Karlin and H. M. Taylor. A First Course in Stochastic Processes. Academic Press, 1975 (second edition).
- S. Karlin and H. M. Taylor. A Second Course in Stochastic Processes. Academic Press, 1981.
- S. Karlin and H. M. Taylor. An Introduction to Stochastic Modeling, Third Edition. Academic Press, 1998. ISBN:0-12-684887-4
- S. Karlin, D. Eisenberg, and R. Altman. Bioinformatics: Unsolved Problems and Challenges. National Academic Press Inc., 2005. ISBN:978-0-309-10029-8.
- S. Karlin (Ed.). Econometrics, Time Series, and Multivariate Statistics. Academic Press, 1983. ISBN:978-0-12-398750-1.
- S. Karlin (Author) and E. Nevo (Editor). Evolutionary Processes and Theory. Academic Press, 1986. ISBN:978-0-12-398760-0.
- S. Karlin. Mathematical Methods and Theory in Games, Programming, and Economics. Dover Publications, 1992. ISBN:978-0-486-67020-1.
- S. Karlin and E. Nevo (Eds.). Population Genetics and Ecology. Academic Press, 1976. ISBN:978-0-12-398560-6.
- S. Karlin and W. J. Studden. Tchebycheff systems: With applications in analysis and statistics (pure and applied mathematics). Interscience Publishers, 1966 (1st edition). ASIN B0006BNV2C.
- S Karlin and S. Lessard. Theoretical Studies on Sex Ratio Evolution. Princeton University Press, 1986. ISBN:978-0-691-08412-1
- S. Karlin. Theory of Infinite Games. Addison Wesley Longman Ltd. Inc., 1959. ASIN B000SNID12.
- S. Karlin. Total Positivity, Vol. 1. Stanford, 1968. ASIN B000LZG0Xu.
- Karlin Samuel, Altschul Stephen F. (1990). "Methods for assessing the statistical significance of molecular sequence features by using general scoring schemes". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 87 (6): 2264–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.87.6.2264. PMID 2315319. Bibcode: 1990PNAS...87.2264K.
- Karlin S, Altschul SF. (1993). "Applications and statistics for multiple high-scoring segments in molecular sequences". Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 90 (12): 5873–7. doi:10.1073/pnas.90.12.5873. PMID 8390686. Bibcode: 1993PNAS...90.5873K.
See also
- Karlin–McGregor polynomials
References
- ↑ Artstein, Zvi (1980). "Discrete and continuous bang-bang and facial spaces, or: Look for the extreme points". SIAM Review 22 (2): 172–185. doi:10.1137/1022026.
- Artstein's article has been republished in a festschrift by students of Robert J. Aumann: Artstein, Zvi (1995). "22 Discrete and continuous bang–bang and facial spaces or: Look for the extreme points". in Hart, Sergiu; Neyman, Abraham. Game and economic theory: Selected contributions in honor of Robert J. Aumann. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press. pp. 449–462. ISBN 978-0-472-10673-8. http://www.press.umich.edu/titleDetailDesc.do?id=14414.
- ↑ Burge, Christopher; Karlin, Samuel (1997). "Prediction of complete gene structures in human genomic DNA". Journal of Molecular Biology 268 (1): 78–94. doi:10.1006/jmbi.1997.0951. PMID 9149143. https://ai.stanford.edu/~serafim/cs262/Papers/GENSCAN.pdf.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Dan Stober (January 16, 2008). "Sam Karlin, mathematician who improved DNA analysis, dead at 83". https://news.stanford.edu/pr/2008/pr-karlin_obit-012308.html.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Sam Karlin, influential math professor, dead at 83
- ↑ "Samuel Karlin" (in en). https://www.amacad.org/person/samuel-karlin.
- ↑ "Samuel Karlin". http://www.nasonline.org/member-directory/deceased-members/53967.html.
- ↑ "APS Member History". https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Samuel+Karlin&title=&subject=&subdiv=&mem=&year=&year-max=&dead=&keyword=&smode=advanced.
- ↑ Karlin, Samuel (1972). "Some mathematical models of population genetics". Amer. Math. Monthly 79 (7): 699–739. doi:10.2307/2316262. http://www.maa.org/programs/maa-awards/writing-awards/some-mathematical-models-of-population-genetics.
- ↑ US NSF - The President's National Medal of Science: Recipient Details
- ↑ Fellows: Alphabetical List, Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences, https://www.informs.org/Recognizing-Excellence/Fellows/Fellows-Alphabetical-List, retrieved 2019-10-09
- ↑ Kenneth Karlin's web site at JHU, retrieved 2011-01-16.
- ↑ Anna Karlin's faculty web page at U. Washington, retrieved 2011-01-16.
- Ewens, W. J. (2009). "Sam Karlin and the stochastic theory of evolutionary population genetics". Theoretical Population Biology 75 (4): 236–238. doi:10.1016/j.tpb.2009.01.001. PMID 19496243.
- Bodmer, W. (2009). "Sam Karlin: A personal appreciation". Theoretical Population Biology 75 (4): 230–232. doi:10.1016/j.tpb.2009.01.005. PMID 19496242.
- Feldman, M. W. (2009). "Sam Karlin and multi-locus population genetics". Theoretical Population Biology 75 (4): 233–235. doi:10.1016/j.tpb.2009.01.002. PMID 19344629.
External links
- "Math in the News: Mathematician Sam Karlin, Known for Contributions in Computational Biology, has Died." Math Gateway of the Mathematical Association of America, February 5, 2008.
- O'Connor, John J.; Robertson, Edmund F., "Samuel Karlin", MacTutor History of Mathematics archive, University of St Andrews, http://www-history.mcs.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Karlin.html.
- Samuel Karlin at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
- Martin, Douglas (February 21, 2008). "Samuel Karlin, Versatile Mathematician, Dies at 83". The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2008/02/21/us/21karlin.html?ref=us.
- Obituary, I.M.S. Bulletin, May 2008
- Biography of Samuel Karlin from the Institute for Operations Research and the Management Sciences
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