Biology:Sceptridium

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Short description: Genus of ferns

Sceptridium
Botrychium multifidum.jpg
Scientific classification e
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Division: Polypodiophyta
Class: Polypodiopsida
Order: Ophioglossales
Family: Ophioglossaceae
Subfamily: Botrychioideae
Genus: Sceptridium
Lyon
Type species
Sceptridium obliquum
(Muhl. ex Willdenow) Lyon
Species

See text

Synonyms
  • Holubiella Skoda

Sceptridium is a genus of seedless vascular plants in the family Ophioglossaceae,[1] closely allied to (and often included as a subgenus[2] of) the genus Botrychium (the moonworts and grapeferns). It is also closely related to the genus Botrypus (the rattlesnake fern, often treated as the subgenus Osmundopteris under Botrychium). Sceptridium species are commonly called the grape-ferns.

These plants are small with fleshy roots, and reproduce by spores shed into the air. They differ from the moonworts in having at least some sterile fronds (all fronds in Botrychium are spore-bearing), and in the fronds being bi- or tri-pinnate (Botrychium are single pinnate, or rarely bipinnate); and from Botrypus in being evergreen, or at least winter-green (Botrypus are deciduous) and having the non-spore-bearing part of the frond long-stalked (short-stalked in Botrypus).

Phylogeny

Phylogeny of Sceptridium[3][4]

 
(Hiemobotrychium)

S. lunarioides

 
(Sceptridium)
 

S. triangularifolium

 
 
 
 

S. schaffneri

 
 
 

S. decompositum

 
 
 

S. daucifolium

 
 
 

S. atrovirens

 
 

S. formosanum

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

S. multifidum

 
 

S. oneidense

 
 
 
 
 

S. biternatum

 
 

S. dissectum

 
 
 
 

S. × pseudoternatum

 
 
 
 

S. nipponicum

 
 

S. robustum

 
 
 
 

S. microphyllum

 
 
 

S. japonicum

 
 

S. ternatum

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Species

Botrychium rugulosum
  • S. × argutum Sahashi
  • S. atrovirens Sahashi
  • S. australe (Brown) Lyon (parsley fern)[5][6]
  • S. biforme (Col.) Lyon (fine-leaved parsley fern)[7][8]
  • S. biternatum (Sav.) Lyon (sparse-lobed grapefern, southern grapefern)[9]
  • S. daucifolium (Wallich ex Hooker & Greville) Lyon
  • S. decompositum (von Martius & Gal.) Lyon
  • S. dissectum (Spreng.) Lyon (cut-leaved grape-fern)[10][11][12][13][14]
  • S. × elegans Sahashi
  • S. formosanum (Tagawa) Holub
  • S. japonicum (Prantl) Lyon
  • S. javanicum Sahashi
  • S. jenmanii (Underwood) Lyon (Alabama grape-fern)[15][16][17]
  • S. × longistipitatum Sahashi
  • S. lunarioides (Michaux) Holub (winter grapefern)[18]
  • S. microphyllum Sahashi
  • S. multifidum (Gmelin) Nishida ex Tag. (leather grape-fern)[10][19][20][21][22][23][24]
  • S. nipponicum (Makino) Holub
  • S. oneidense (Gilbert) Holub (blunt-leaved grape-fern)[10][25][26][27]
  • S. × pseudoternatum (Sahashi)
  • S. × pulchrum Sahashi
  • S. robustum (Rupr.) Lyon
  • S. rugulosum (Wagner) Skoda & Holub (ternate grape-fern, St. Lawrence grape fern, rugulose grape fern)[10][28][29]
  • S. schaffneri (Underwood) Lyon[30]
  • S. × silvicola (Sahashi) Ebihara
  • S. subbifoliatum (Brack.) Lyon (island grape-fern)[31][32][33]
  • S. ternatum (Thunberg) Lyon
  • S. triangularifolium Sahashi
  • S. underwoodianum (Maxon) Lyon[34][35]

References

  1. ↑ Christenhusz, Maarten J. M.; Zhang, Xian-Chun; Schneider, Harald (2011). "A linear sequence of extant families and genera of lycophytes and ferns". Phytotaxa 19: 7–54. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.19.1.2. http://www.mapress.com/phytotaxa/content/2011/f/pt00019p054.pdf. 
  2. ↑ subgenus Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 16 Jan 2012
  3. ↑ Nitta, Joel H.Expression error: Unrecognized word "et". (2022). "An Open and Continuously Updated Fern Tree of Life". Frontiers in Plant Science 13: 909768. doi:10.3389/fpls.2022.909768. PMID 36092417. 
  4. ↑ "Tree viewer: interactive visualization of FTOL". 2023. https://fernphy.github.io/viewer.html. 
  5. ↑ Kelly, Dave (1994). "Demography and conservation of Botrychium australe, a peculiar, sparse mycorrhizal fern". New Zealand Journal of Botany 32 (4): 393–400. doi:10.1080/0028825x.1994.10412925. 
  6. ↑ B. australe Plants for a Future 26 Dec 2011
  7. ↑ B. biforme International Plant Names Index (IPNI) 02 Jan 2012
  8. ↑ S. biforme International Plant Names Index (IPNI) 02 Jan 2012
  9. ↑ B. biternatum Flora of North America, www.eFloras.org 26 Dec 2011
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 [1] MICHIGAN FLORA ONLINE. A. A. Reznicek, E. G. Voss, & B. S. Walters. February 2011. University of Michigan. Web. January 16, 2012
  11. ↑ Montgomery, James D. (1990). "Survivorship and Predation Changes in Five Populations of Botrychium dissectum in Eastern Pennsylvania". American Fern Journal. 4 80 (4): 173–182. doi:10.2307/1547206. 
  12. ↑ B. dissectum Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 26 Dec 2011
  13. ↑ B. dissectum Flora of North America, www.eFloras.org 26 Dec 2011
  14. ↑ B. obliquum Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 16 Jan 2012
  15. ↑ B. jenmanii Flora of North America, www.eFloras.org 26 Dec 2011
  16. ↑ B. jenmanii Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 26 Dec 2011
  17. ↑ B. alabamense Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 27 Dec 2011
  18. ↑ "PteridoPortal - Sceptridium lunarioides". https://www.pteridoportal.org/portal/taxa/index.php?tid=963. Retrieved 7 October 2020. 
  19. ↑ Mesipuu, Meeli; R. P. Shefferson; T. Kull (2009). "Weather and herbivores influence fertility in the endangered fern Botrychium multifidum (S.G. Gmel.) Rupr". Plant Ecology 203: 23–31. doi:10.1007/s11258-008-9501-3. 
  20. ↑ B. multifidum Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 26 Dec 2011
  21. ↑ B. multifidum Flora of North America, www.eFloras.org 26 Dec 2011
  22. ↑ "Botrychium multifidum". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=BOMU. 
  23. ↑ B. multifidum University of Wisconsin, Cofrin Center for Biodiversity, Ferns and Fern Allies of Wisconsin. 26 Dec 2011
  24. ↑ Botrychium Robert W. Freckmann Herbarium, University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point 02 Jan 2012
  25. ↑ "Botrychium oneidense". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=BOON. Retrieved 16 Jan 2012. 
  26. ↑ B. oneidense Flora of North America, www.eFloras.org 26 Dec 2011
  27. ↑ Botrychium oneidense Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 16 Jan 2012
  28. ↑ B. rugulosum Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 26 Dec 2011
  29. ↑ B. rugulosum Robert W. Freckmann Herbarium, University of Wisconsin - Stevens Point 27 Dec 2011
  30. ↑ B. schaffneri Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 04 Jan 2012
  31. ↑ "Sceptridium subbifoliatum". Natural Resources Conservation Service PLANTS Database. USDA. https://plants.usda.gov/core/profile?symbol=SCSU13. Retrieved 16 Jan 2012. 
  32. ↑ B. subbifoliatum International Plant Names Index 27 Dec 2011
  33. ↑ B. subbifoliatum ITIS taxonomy 26 Dec 2011
  34. ↑ B. underwoodianum Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 27 Dec 2011
  35. ↑ S. underwoodianum Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden. 27 Dec 2011

Wikidata ☰ Q2506308 entry



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