Chemistry:1,1-Difluoroethene
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| Names | |||
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| Preferred IUPAC name
1,1-Difluoroethene | |||
| Other names
Difluoro-1,1-ethylene; R-1132a; Halocarbon 1132 A; Freon 1132A; Vinylidene difluoride; Vinylidene fluoride[1]
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| Identifiers | |||
3D model (JSmol)
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| Abbreviations | VDF | ||
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| ChEMBL | |||
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| EC Number |
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| KEGG | |||
PubChem CID
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| RTECS number |
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| UNII | |||
| UN number | 1959 | ||
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| Properties | |||
| C2H2F2 | |||
| Molar mass | 64.035 g·mol−1 | ||
| Appearance | Colorless gas[2] | ||
| Odor | Slightly ethereal[1] | ||
| Density | 2.89 kg/m3 (vapor, 0 °C)[2] 1.122 g/mL (liquid, -84 °C)[2] | ||
| Melting point | −144 °C (−227 °F; 129 K)[2] | ||
| Boiling point | −84 °C (−119 °F; 189 K)[2] | ||
| 0.254 g/L[3] | |||
| Vapor pressure | 35.2 atm (20°C)[4] | ||
| Hazards | |||
| Main hazards | Flammable[4] | ||
| GHS pictograms | 
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| GHS Signal word | Warning | ||
| H315, H319, H335 | |||
| P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+352, P304+340, P305+351+338, P312, P321, P332+313, P337+313, P362, P403+233, P405, P501 | |||
| 380 °C (716 °F; 653 K)[1] | |||
| Explosive limits | 5.5%-21.3%[4] | ||
| NIOSH (US health exposure limits): | |||
PEL (Permissible)
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none[4] | ||
REL (Recommended)
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TWA 1 ppm C 5 ppm[4] | ||
IDLH (Immediate danger)
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N.D.[4] | ||
| Related compounds | |||
Related compounds
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1,2-Difluoroethene; fluoroethene; Trifluoroethylene; 2-Chloro-1,1-difluoroethylene; | ||
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |||
| Infobox references | |||
Tracking categories (test):
1,1-Difluoroethylene, also known as vinylidene fluoride, is a hydrofluoroolefin. This a flammable gas is a polyfluorinated version of ethene. Global production in 1999 was approximately 33,000 metric tons.[3] It is primarily used in the production of fluoropolymers such as polyvinylidene fluoride.
Preparation
1,1-Difluoroethylene can be prepared by elimination reaction from a 1,1,1-trihaloethane compound, for example, loss of hydrogen chloride from 1-chloro-1,1-difluoroethane:.[5]
or loss of hydrogen fluoride from 1,1,1-trifluoroethane:[6]
See also
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 "Difluoro-1,1-ethylene". Gas Encyclopaedia. Air Liquide. http://encyclopedia.airliquide.com/Encyclopedia.asp?GasID=92. Retrieved 2012-04-23.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Record in the GESTIS Substance Database of the Institute for Occupational Safety and Health
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "1,1'-Difluoroethylene (VDF,VF2)". International Programme on Chemical Safety. http://www.inchem.org/documents/sids/sids/VDFF2.pdf.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 NIOSH Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards. "#0662". National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). https://www.cdc.gov/niosh/npg/npgd0662.html.
- ↑ Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology (4 ed.). John Wiley and Sons. 1994. pp. V11. http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/r?dbs+hsdb:@term+@rn+@rel+75-38-7. Retrieved 8 July 2017.
- ↑ Gerhartz, W (1985). Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry (5 ed.). VCH Publisher. pp. VA11. http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/r?dbs+hsdb:@term+@rn+@rel+75-38-7. Retrieved 8 July 2017.
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