Astronomy:Messier 43

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Messier 43
Emission nebula
H II region
File:300px
Observation data: J2000 epoch
Right ascension 05h 35m 31.8s[1]
Declination−05° 17′ 57″[1]
Distance1,300 ± 160 ly (400 ± 50 pc) ly
Apparent magnitude (V)9.0[2]
Apparent dimensions (V)20′ × 15′[3]
ConstellationOrion
Notable featuresNU Orionis
DesignationsDe Mairan's Nebula, M43, NGC 1982[4]
See also: Lists of nebulae

Messier 43 or M43, also known as De Mairan's Nebula and NGC 1982, is a star-forming nebula with a prominent H II region in the equatorial constellation of Orion. It was discovered by the French scientist Jean-Jacques d'Ortous de Mairan some time before 1731,[3] then catalogued by Charles Messier in 1769.[lower-alpha 1] It is physically part of the Orion Nebula (Messier 42), separate from that main nebula by a dense lane of dust known as the northeast dark lane.[5] It is part of the much larger Orion molecular cloud complex.

The main ionizing star in this nebula is the quadruple star system NU Orionis (HD 37061), the focus of the H II region, 1,360 ± 30 ly (417.0 ± 9.2 pc) away.[6] This star system is not hot enough to produce significant amounts of [O III] emission, unlike the Trapezium in the Orion Nebula.[7]

The H II region is a roundish volume of ionized hydrogen. It has a diameter of about 4.5′, at its distance meaning it measures 2.1 ly (0.65 pc). The net (meaning omitting the star) hydrogen alpha luminosity of this region is (3.0±1.1)×1035 erg s−1; equivalent to 78 L☉. There is a dark lane crossing the whole west-centre strip from north to south, known as the M43 dark lane, which forming a swirling belt extension to the south links to Orion's northeast dark lane. All of these resemble a mixture of smoke rising from a chimney and in watercolour broad and fine dark brushstrokes, at many wavelengths.

  • Emission nebula Messier 43 to the northeast of the well-known M42 Orion Nebula
    Emission nebula Messier 43 to the northeast of the well-known M42 Orion Nebula
  • Infrared view of (part of) De Mairan's Nebula (M43)
    Infrared view of (part of) De Mairan's Nebula (M43)
  • A proplyd being ionized by HD 37061 (image with JWST).
    A proplyd being ionized by HD 37061 (image with JWST).
  • In this false color image, M43 visibly lacks [O III] emission (blue) present throughout the rest of the Orion Nebula.
    In this false color image, M43 visibly lacks [O III] emission (blue) present throughout the rest of the Orion Nebula.

See also

References and footnotes

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Sulentic, Jack W. et al. (1973), The revised new catalogue of nonstellar astronomical objects, Tucson: University of Arizona Press, Bibcode: 1973rncn.book.....S. 
  2. ↑ "Messier 43". http://www.messier.seds.org/m/m043.html. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Adam, Len (2018), Imaging the Messier Objects Remotely from Your Laptop, The Patrick Moore Practical Astronomy Series, Springer, p. 209, ISBN 978-3319653853, Bibcode: 2018imor.book.....A, https://books.google.com/books?id=7nNUDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA209. 
  4. ↑ "M 43". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. http://simbad.u-strasbg.fr/simbad/sim-basic?Ident=M+43. 
  5. ↑ Simón-Díaz, S. et al. (June 2011), "A detailed study of the H ii region M 43 and its ionizing star", Astronomy & Astrophysics 530: 13, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201116608, A57, Bibcode: 2011A&A...530A..57S. 
  6. ↑ Aschenbrenner, P.; Przybilla, N. (2024-11-01). "Quantitative spectroscopy of multiple OB stars - I. The quadruple system HD 37061 at the centre of Messier 43" (in en). Astronomy & Astrophysics 691: A361. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202451878. ISSN 0004-6361. 
  7. ↑ Odell, C. R.; Harris, Jessica (2010-09-08). "Spectrophotometry of the Huygens Region of the Orion Nebula, the Extended Orion Nebula, and M 43: Scattered Light Systematically Distorts Conditions Derived from Emission Lines". The Astronomical Journal 140 (4): 985–1006. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/140/4/985. https://www.stsci.edu/~harrisj/Documents/aj_140_4_985.pdf. 
  1. ↑ On March 4

Coordinates: Sky map 05h 35.6m 00s, −05° 16′ 00″



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