Astronomy:TOI-2267
TOI-2267 is a binary star located 73.5 light-years (22.5 parsecs) away from the Sun. The system has a visual apparent magnitude of 15.4, too faint to be seen with the naked eye.[1] It consists of two red dwarfs that are separated by only 8 AU.[2]
Planetary system
The star system hosts three confirmed Earth-sized planets, but it is not known which star each planet orbits. Two of the planets have similar orbital periods, so it is unlikely that all three planets orbit the same star, which would make TOI-2267 the second system known to host transiting planets around both stars.[2][3][lower-alpha 1] This configuration of planets might give more insights into studying the formation and evolution of planets in compact binary star systems.[2] Alternatively, the planets may all orbit the same star in a very compact resonant configuration, which would make TOI-2267 the most compact exoplanetary system known.[5]
The discovery of the planets was announced in 2025, using data from TESS as well as ground-based telescopes. Initially only two planets could be confirmed, and the third remained a candidate.[2] A follow-up study a few months later confirmed the third planet.[5]
| Companion (in order from star) |
Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) |
Orbital period (days) |
Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| d[5] | — | 0.0174±0.0003 | 2.0344678(23) | — | 87.4±0.6° | 0.98±0.09 R⊕ |
| b | — | 0.0205±0.0025 | 2.2890900(12) | — | 90.35+0.85 −1.2° |
1.00±0.11 R⊕ |
| c | — | 0.0263+0.0040 −0.0036 |
3.4950412(22) | — | 89.66+1.6 −0.89° |
1.14±0.13 R⊕ |
| Companion (in order from star) |
Mass | Semimajor axis (AU) |
Orbital period (days) |
Eccentricity | Inclination | Radius |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| d[5] | — | 0.0145+0.0006 −0.0007 |
2.0344671(23) | — | 89.0+0.6 −0.7° |
1.77±0.43 R⊕ |
| b | — | 0.0127±0.0032 | 2.2890896(17) | — | 90.0±1.0° | 1.22±0.29 R⊕ |
| c | — | 0.0145+0.0045 −0.0037 |
3.4950404(28) | — | 89.2+2.4 −1.1° |
1.36±0.33 R⊕ |
Notes
- ↑ The previously known Kepler-132 system is a similar case; it is unknown which star each planet orbits, but they cannot all orbit the same star since two of them have almost the same period.[4]
- ↑ The parameters of the planets if they orbit the primary star.
- ↑ The parameters of the planets if they orbit the secondary star.
References
- ↑ "TOI-2267 Ab". 2025. https://exoplanet.eu/catalog/toi_2267_ab--11193/.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Zúñiga-Fernández, S. et al. (2025). "Two warm Earth-sized exoplanets and an Earth-sized candidate in the M5V-M6V binary system TOI-2267". Astronomy & Astrophysics 702: A85. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202554419. Bibcode: 2025A&A...702A..85Z.
- ↑ "Miniature Binary Star System Hosts Three Earth-sized Exoplanets". 14 November 2025. https://www.universetoday.com/articles/miniature-binary-star-system-hosts-three-earth-sized-exoplanets.
- ↑ Lissauer, Jack J. et al. (March 2014). "Validation of Kepler's Multiple Planet Candidates. II. Refined Statistical Framework and Descriptions of Systems of Special Interest". The Astrophysical Journal 784 (1): 44. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/784/1/44. Bibcode: 2014ApJ...784...44L.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 Greklek-McKeon, Michael et al. (December 2025). "Validation of a Third Earth-sized Planet in the TOI-2267 Binary System". The Astronomical Journal.
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