Biography:Shafi Goldwasser

From HandWiki
Shafi Goldwasser
שפרירה גולדווסר
Goldwasser in 2010
Born
Shafrira Goldwasser

1959 (age 66–67)
New York City, United States
Citizenship
  • Israel
  • United States
EducationCarnegie Mellon University (BS)
University of California, Berkeley (MS, PhD)
Known for
Children2
Awards
  • Grace Murray Hopper Award (1996)
  • Gödel Prize (1993, 2001)
  • Member of the National Academy of Sciences (2004)
  • IEEE Emanuel R. Piore Award (2011)
  • BBVA Award (2018)
  • RSA Mathematics Award (1998)
  • Loreal Unesco Women in Science Award (2021)
  • Turing Award (2012)[2]
  • Suffrage Science award (2016)[3]
  • ACM Fellow (2017)
  • AAAS Fellow (2000)
Scientific career
FieldsComputer science, cryptography
Institutions
ThesisProbabilistic Encryption: Theory and Applications (1984)
Doctoral advisorManuel Blum[4]
Doctoral students
Website{{{1}}}

Shafrira Goldwasser (Hebrew: שפרירה גולדווסר; born 1959[5]) is an Israeli-American computer scientist. A winner of the Turing Award in 2012, she is the RSA Professor of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology;[6] a professor of mathematical sciences at the Weizmann Institute of Science; the former director of the Simons Institute for the Theory of Computing at the University of California, Berkeley; and co-founder and chief scientist of Duality Technologies.[7][8][9][10][11]

Education and early life

Born in New York City, Goldwasser obtained her bachelor's degree in 1979 in mathematics and science from Carnegie Mellon. She continued her studies in computer science at Berkeley, receiving a master's degree in 1981 and a PhD in 1984.[4]

While at Berkeley, Goldwasser researched cryptography and algorithmic number theory.[12] She and her doctoral advisor, Manuel Blum, proposed the Blum-Goldwasser cryptosystem.[4] With another student, Silvio Micali, Goldwasser defined probabilistic encryption, where one message could be encrypted randomly to many different ciphertexts. This implies that even if an attacker could choose messages to encrypt, the resulting ciphertexts would be indistinguishable, providing a strong protection via semantic security.[12]

Career and research

Goldwasser joined MIT in 1983, and in 1997 became the first holder of the RSA Professorship. She became a professor at the Weizmann Institute of Science, concurrent to her professorship at MIT, in 1993. She is a member of the theory of computation group at MIT Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory.[13]

Since November 2016, Goldwasser has been the chief scientist and co-founder of Duality Technologies, a US-based start-up which offers secure data analytics using advanced cryptographic techniques.[14] She is also a scientific advisor for several technology startups in the security area, including QED-it, specializing in the Zero Knowledge Blockchain, and Algorand, a pure proof-of-stake blockchain.[15]

On January 1, 2018, she became the director of Berkeley's Simons Institute for the Theory of Computing, a position she held until August 2024.[16][17]

Research

Goldwasser's research areas include computational complexity theory, cryptography and computational number theory. She is the co-inventor of probabilistic encryption,[18] which set up and achieved the gold standard for security for data encryption.[12]

Goldwasser is a co-inventor of zero-knowledge proofs, which probabilistically and interactively demonstrate the validity of an assertion without conveying any additional knowledge, and are a key tool in the design of cryptographic protocols.[19] She, Silvio Micali, and Charles Rackoff began by studying the broader category of interactive proofs, where a proof is developed interactively by answering a series of questions about a problem.[12] In the late 1980s, Micali's group and the duo of László Babai and Shlomo Moran separately published papers introducing the concept of interactive proofs: they all later shared a Gödel prize for their contributions.[20]

Her work in complexity theory includes the classification of approximation problems, showing that some problems in NP remain hard even when only an approximate solution is needed,[19] and pioneering methods for delegating computations to untrusted servers.[21] Her work in number theory includes the invention with Joe Kilian of primality proving using elliptic curves.[22] Goldwasser is also a lead on Project CETI, an interdisciplinary initiative for translating the communication of sperm whales.[23]

Awards and honors

Goldwasser was awarded the 2012 Turing Award along with Silvio Micali for their work in the field of cryptography.[24] She received the award for "revolutionizing the science of cryptography".[25] The award is considered the Nobel Prize of computing.[12]

Goldwasser has twice won the Gödel Prize in theoretical computer science: first in 1993 (for "The knowledge complexity of interactive proof systems"),[26] and again in 2001 (for Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques).[27] Other awards include the ACM Grace Murray Hopper Award (1996) for outstanding young computer professional of the year and the RSA Award for Excellence in Mathematics (1998) for outstanding mathematical contributions to cryptography.[28]

In 2001 she was elected to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and in 2002 she gave a plenary lecture at the International Congress of Mathematicians in Beijing.[29] In 2004 she was elected to the National Academy of Sciences,[30] and in 2005 to the National Academy of Engineering for contributions to cryptography, number theory, and complexity theory, and their applications to privacy and security.[31] In 2006, Berkeley awarded her its Computer Science Distinguished Alumni Award.[32] She was selected as an IACR Fellow in 2007. Goldwasser received the 2008–2009 Athena Lecturer Award of the Association for Computing Machinery's Committee on Women in Computing.[30] She is the recipient of The Franklin Institute's 2010 Benjamin Franklin Medal in Computer and Cognitive Science.[33] She received the IEEE Emanuel R. Piore Award in 2011.[34]

Goldwasser was elected as an ACM Fellow in 2017.[35] In July 2017, she was a plenary lecturer in the Mathematical Congress of the Americas.[36] She received the 2018 Frontier of Knowledge award together with Micali, Rivest and Shamir.[37]

In 2018, Goldwasser was awarded an honorary degree by her alma mater, Carnegie Mellon University.[38] In June 2019 Goldwasser was awarded an honorary doctorate of science by the University of Oxford.[39] She was elected as a fellow of the UK's Royal Society in 2023.[40]

Goldwasser is featured in the Notable Women in Computing cards.[41] She won the Suffrage Science award in 2016.[3] She was on the Mathematical Sciences jury for the Infosys Prize in 2020.[42] She was awarded the 2021 L’Oréal-UNESCO for Women in Science Award in Computer Science.[43]

Personal life

Goldwasser has two sons.[44][5]

References

  1. ↑ Goldwasser, S.; Micali, S.; Rivest, R. L. (1988). "A Digital Signature Scheme Secure Against Adaptive Chosen-Message Attacks". SIAM Journal on Computing 17 (2): 281. doi:10.1137/0217017. 
  2. ↑ Savage, N. (2013). "Proofs probable: Shafi Goldwasser and Silvio Micali laid the foundations for modern cryptography, with contributions including interactive and zero-knowledge proofs". Communications of the ACM 56 (6): 22. doi:10.1145/2461256.2461265. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Suffrage Science Maths and Computing 2016". October 7, 2016. https://issuu.com/mrccsc/docs/suffrage_science_maths_and_computin. 
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Shafi Goldwasser at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Charles Rackoff (March 13, 2012). ""Shafi Goldwasser - A.M. Turing Award Laureates"" (in en). ACM. https://amturing.acm.org/award_winners/goldwasser_8627889.cfm#:~:text=Shafi%20was%20born%20in%201959,grade%20school%20in%20Tel%20Aviv.. 
  6. ↑ "Shafi Goldwasser | MIT CSAIL" (in en). https://www.csail.mit.edu/person/shafi-goldwasser. 
  7. ↑ "About – Duality Technologies". http://dualitytech.com/. 
  8. ↑ Hirsch, Deborah (December 16, 2012). "Jewish 6-year-old Youngest of Newtown Shooting Victims". https://www.jewishexponent.com/2012/12/16/jewish-6-year-old-youngest-of-newtown-shooting-victims/. 
  9. ↑ Shafi Goldwasser author profile page at the ACM Digital Library
  10. ↑ Shafi Goldwasser's publications indexed by the Scopus bibliographic database. (Subscription content?)
  11. ↑ Goldwasser, S.; Micali, S. (1984). "Probabilistic encryption". Journal of Computer and System Sciences 28 (2): 270. doi:10.1016/0022-0000(84)90070-9. 
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 Garfinkel, Simon (August 21, 2019). "Shafi Goldwasser: The number theory expert who helped revolutionize cryptography" (in en). https://www.technologyreview.com/2019/08/21/238665/shafi-goldwasser/. 
  13. ↑ Shafi Goldwasser Biography. http://www.bookrags.com/biography/shafi-goldwasser-wcs/. 
  14. ↑ "About – Duality Technologies". http://duality.cloud/. 
  15. ↑ "Team". https://www.algorand.com/who-we-are/our-team/. 
  16. ↑ "Shafi Goldwasser appointed director of the Simons Institute for the Theory of Computing". 10 October 2017. http://news.berkeley.edu/2017/10/10/shafi-goldwasser-appointed-director-of-the-simons-institute-for-the-theory-of-computing/. 
  17. ↑ "Letter from the Director, August 2024" (in en). 2024-08-29. https://simons.berkeley.edu/news/letter-director-august-2024. 
  18. ↑ "Probabilistic Encryption". http://groups.csail.mit.edu/cis/pubs/shafi/1984-jcss.pdf. 
  19. ↑ 19.0 19.1 "Interactive Proofs and the Hardness of Approximating Cliques". http://groups.csail.mit.edu/cis/pubs/shafi/1996-jacm.pdf. 
  20. ↑ Parberry, Ian. "1993 Gödel Prize". http://www.sigact.org/Prizes/Godel/1993.html. 
  21. ↑ Goldwasser, Shafi; Kalai, Yael Tauman; Rothblum, Guy (1 January 2008). "Delegating computation: interactive proofs for muggles". Microsoft Research: 113–122. https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/publication/delegating-computation-interactive-proofs-for-muggles/. Retrieved 10 April 2018. 
  22. ↑ Goldwasser, Shafi; Kilian, Joe (July 1999). "Primality testing using elliptic curves". Journal of the ACM 46 (4): 450–472. doi:10.1145/320211.320213. 
  23. ↑ Welch, Craig (April 19, 2021). "Groundbreaking effort launched to decode whale language". National Geographic Society. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/scientists-plan-to-use-ai-to-try-to-decode-the-language-of-whales. 
  24. ↑ "Goldwasser, Micali Receive ACM Turing Award for Advances in Cryptography". ACM. http://www.acm.org/press-room/news-releases/2013/turing-award-12. 
  25. ↑ AbAbazorius, CSAIL (13 March 2013). "Goldwasser and Micali win Turing Award". MIT News. http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2013/goldwasser-and-micali-win-turing-award-0313.html. 
  26. ↑ Goldwasser, S.; Micali, S.; Rackoff, C. (1985). "The knowledge complexity of interactive proof-systems". Proceedings of the seventeenth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing – STOC '85. Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). pp. 291. doi:10.1145/22145.22178. ISBN 978-0897911511. 
  27. ↑ Feige, U.; Goldwasser, S.; Lovász, L.; Safra, S.; Szegedy, M. (1996). "Interactive proofs and the hardness of approximating cliques". Journal of the ACM 43 (2): 268–292. doi:10.1145/226643.226652. 
  28. ↑ "Shafi Goldwasser" (in en). https://simons.berkeley.edu/people/shafi-goldwasser. 
  29. ↑ "Plenary Speakers". https://www.mathunion.org/fileadmin/IMU/ICM2002/offline/Beijing/B/Plenary.htm. 
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 "Home". weizmann.ac.il. http://www.wisdom.weizmann.ac.il. 
  31. ↑ "Dr. Shafrira Goldwasser". https://nae.edu/30861/Dr-Shafrira-Goldwasser. 
  32. ↑ "CS Distinguished Alumni Award Winners" (in en). https://eecs.berkeley.edu/people/alumni/cs-distinguished-alumni/. 
  33. ↑ News Office (21 October 2009). "Goldwasser, Stubbe named Franklin Institute laureates". MIT News. http://web.mit.edu/newsoffice/2009/franklin-laureates.html. 
  34. ↑ "IEEE Emanuel R. Piore Award Recipients". IEEE. http://www.ieee.org/documents/piore_rl.pdf. 
  35. ↑ ACM Recognizes 2017 Fellows for Making Transformative Contributions and Advancing Technology in the Digital Age, Association for Computing Machinery, December 11, 2017, https://www.acm.org/media-center/2017/december/fellows-2017, retrieved 2017-11-13 
  36. ↑ "Home | Mathematical Congress of the Americas 2017". https://mca2017.org/. 
  37. ↑ "homepage – Premios Fronteras". https://www.frontiersofknowledgeawards-fbbva.es/. 
  38. ↑ University, Carnegie Mellon. "Commencement Speakers and Honorary Degree Recipients – Leadership – Carnegie Mellon University" (in en). https://www.cmu.edu/leadership/president/campus-comms/2018/2018-03-29.html. 
  39. ↑ "Honorary degree recipients for 2019 announced". The University of Oxford. March 25, 2019. http://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2019-03-25-honorary-degree-recipients-2019-announced. 
  40. ↑ "Exceptional scientists elected as Fellows of the Royal Society | Royal Society" (in en). https://royalsociety.org/news/2023/05/new-fellows-2023/. 
  41. ↑ "Notable Women in Computing". http://www.cs.duke.edu/csed/wikipedia/cards.html. 
  42. ↑ "Infosys Prize – Jury 2020". http://www.infosys-science-foundation.com/prize/jury/jury-2020.asp. 
  43. ↑ "Dickenstein and Goldwasser Receive International Awards for Women in Science". Notices of the American Mathematical Society. https://www.ams.org/journals/notices/202106/rnoti-p1039.pdf. 
  44. ↑ Goldreich, Oded, ed (2019). Providing Sound Foundations for Cryptography: On the Work of Shafi Goldwasser and Silvio Micali. Association for Computing Machinery. pp. 20–21. doi:10.1145/3335741. ISBN 978-1-4503-7266-4. 



Retrieved from "https://handwiki.org/wiki/index.php?title=Biography:Shafi_Goldwasser&oldid=3971739"