Biology:Acidocerinae

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Short description: Tribe of beetles

Acidocerinae
Acidocerinae.jpg
Variation across Acidocerinae, dorsal and lateral views A Colossochares ellipticus B Peltochares sp. C Peltochares conspicuus D Aulonochares tubulus E Helochares sp. F Helochares tristis G Novochares sp. H Helopeltarium ferrugineum I Batochares sp. J Helobata larvalis K Radicitus sp. L Nanosaphes tricolor M Agraphydrus cf. attenuatus N Tobochares luteomargo O Tobochares sulcatus P Quadriops similaris Q Crucisternum ouboteri R Primocerus neutrum S Agraphydrus coomani T Agraphydrus sp. U Globulosis flavus V Crephelochares nitescens.
Scientific classification e
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Coleoptera
Family: Hydrophilidae
Subfamily: Acidocerinae
Zaitzev, 1908

Acidocerinae is a subfamily in the family Hydrophilidae of aquatic beetles, and it contains over 500 species in 23 genera.[1]

Taxonomy

Acidocerinae has been considered a subfamily since Short and Fikáček restructured the classification of the Hydrophilidae in 2013.[2] The entire classification history of the Acidocerinae was revised by Girón and Short in 2021,[1] based on the results of a phylogenetic analysis.[3]

The subfamily currently contains over 500 species in 24 genera, some of which were erected in 2021.[1][3]

Description

According to Girón and Short:[1]

Acidocerinae is a heterogeneous assemblage of beetles, as a variety of sizes, colorations and body shapes can be found in the group. Species range in size from 1.1 mm (Nanosaphes) to 14 mm (Colossochares) and range in color from pale yellowish and orange brown to nearly black, sometimes with a mottled appearance. Body forms vary from compact and convex (e.g., Globulosis) to broadly explanate and dorsoventrally compressed (e.g., Helobata, Helopeltarium).–

Additionally,

Acidocerines can be generally recognized by their oval and moderately convex body shapes with slender maxillary palps and uniformly slender tibiae (usually strongly convex and sometimes rounded in Cylominae and Sphaeridiinae, with short and stout maxillary palps and stout to apically broadened tibiae). The maxillary palps are always curved inwards in Acidocerinae (maxillary palpomere 2 with inner margin straight to concave), with palpomeres 2–4 similar in length and proportions (curved outwards, zig-zag oriented, or with shorter palpomere 3 in most Enochrinae and Chaetarthriinae). In addition, Acidocerines always bear five tarsomeres on the meso- and metatarsi (four in some enochrines).–

Distribution and habitat

According to Girón and Short:[1]

Acidocerines can be found in all biogeographic regions except the Antarctic. [...] The distributions [of species] can be very narrow and restricted to one or a few fairly close localities, or very broadly widespread across several continents. [...] Acidocerine species can be found across a wide variety of environments, spanning almost the full range of habitats that occur in the Hydrophilidae as a whole, including fully aquatic settings like ponds, streams, and river margins, hygropetric habitats like rock seepages, and terrestrial niches such as rotting fruits. [...] Acidocerines, as a whole, occupy one of the widest habitat breadths of any aquatic beetle group, although most individual species are fairly narrow and predictable in their ecological preferences. Consequently, collecting in a variety of habitats using multiple methods is often required to adequately survey a locality.–

Genera

References

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 Girón, JC; Short, AEZ (18 June 2021). "The Acidocerinae (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae): taxonomy, classification, and catalog of species". ZooKeys (1045): 1–236. doi:10.3897/zookeys.1045.63810. PMID 34228772. PMC 8233300. https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/63810/. 
  2. ↑ Short, Andrew Edward Z.; Fikáček, Martin (2013). "Molecular phylogeny, evolution and classification of the Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera)" (in en). Systematic Entomology 38 (4): 723–752. doi:10.1111/syen.12024. ISSN 1365-3113. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/syen.12024. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Short, Andrew Edward Z.; Girón, Jennifer C.; Toussaint, Emmanuel F. A. (2021). "Evolution and biogeography of acidocerine water scavenger beetles (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) shaped by Gondwanan vicariance and Cenozoic isolation of South America" (in en). Systematic Entomology 46 (2): 380–395. doi:10.1111/syen.12467. ISSN 1365-3113. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/syen.12467. 
  4. ↑ Klug, J.C.F. (1855). "(Diagnosen neuer Coleoptera aus Mossambique)". Bericht über die zur Bekanntmachung geeigneten Verhandlungen der Konigl Preuss Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1855: 643–660. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/11070837. 
  5. ↑ Régimbart, MA (1903). "Coléoptères aquatiques (Haliplidae, Dytiscidae, Gyrinidae et Hydrophilidae) recueillis dans le Sud de Madagascar par M. Ch. Alluaud (Juillet 1900 – Mai 1901)". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France 72: 1–51. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/8247889. 
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Girón, Jennifer C.; Short, Andrew Edward Z. (2019-06-13). "Three additional new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from the Guiana and Brazilian Shield regions of South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)". ZooKeys (855): 109–154. doi:10.3897/zookeys.855.33013. ISSN 1313-2970. PMID 31244545. PMC 6586674. https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/33013/. 
  7. ↑ Hansen, M. (1991). "The hydrophiloid beetles. Phylogeny, classification and a revision of the genera (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)". Biologiske Skrifter 40: 1–367. 
  8. ↑ d’Orchymont, A. (1939). "Notes sur des Helochares africains". Bulletin et Annales de la Société Entomologique de Belgique 79: 293–323. 
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 Sharp, D. (1882). Fam. Hydrophilidae. In: Biologia Centrali-Americana Insecta. Coleoptera. 1, part 2. pp. 53–80. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/577106. 
  10. ↑ Kuwert, A. (1890). "Bestimmungs-Tabellen der europäischen Coleopteren. XIX. Heft. Hydrophilidae. I. Abteilung: Hydrophilini". Verhandlungen des naturforschenden Vereins in Brünn 28: 1–121. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/43763386. 
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 Girón, Jennifer C.; Short, Andrew Edward Z. (2018-06-19). "Three new genera of acidocerine water scavenger beetles from tropical South America (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Acidocerinae)" (in en). ZooKeys (768): 113–158. doi:10.3897/zookeys.768.24423. ISSN 1313-2970. PMID 29955215. PMC 6019434. https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/24423/. 
  12. ↑ García, M. (2001). "Nueva subtribu, género y especie de Hydrophilini (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae) del extremo suroriental de Venezuela". Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas 35: 151–160. http://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/boletin/article/view/3978. 
  13. ↑ Bergroth, E. (1888). "Fåhraea nov. gen. Hydrophilidarum". Deutsche entomologische Zeitschrift 32: 1–221. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/33177095. 
  14. ↑ Mulsant, E. (1844). Histoire naturelle des coléoptères de France: Palpicornes. 5. Maison. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/9628710. 
  15. ↑ d’Orchymont, A. (1943). "Palpicornia (Coleoptera) VI". Bulletin du Musée royal d'histoire naturelle de Belgique 19 (60): v. 
  16. ↑ Régimbart, M. A. (1907). "Hydrophilides provenant du Voyage de M. L. Fea dans l'Afrique Occidentale". Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova 3: 46–62. https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/7931482. 
  17. ↑ Hansen, Michael (1999-01-01). "Fifteen new genera of Hydrophilidae (Coleoptera), with remarks on the generic classification of the family" (in en). Insect Systematics & Evolution 30 (2): 121–172. doi:10.1163/187631200X00228. ISSN 1876-312X. https://brill.com/view/journals/ise/30/2/article-p121_1.xml. 
  18. ↑ Short, A. E. Z.; García, M. (2014-07-10). "A new genus of egg case-carrying water scavenger beetle from the Guiana Shield (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Acidocerinae)". Zootaxa 3835 (2): 251–262. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5. ISSN 1175-5334. PMID 25081447. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3835.2.5. 
  19. ↑ Short, Andrew Edward Z.; García, Mauricio M. (2007-03-01). "Tobochares sulcatus, a new genus and species of water scavenger beetle from Amazonas State, Venezuela (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Hydrophilini)". Aquatic Insects 29 (1): 1–7. doi:10.1080/01650420701247869. ISSN 0165-0424. https://doi.org/10.1080/01650420701247869. 
  20. ↑ Spangler, P. J. (1981). "A new water beetle, Troglochares ashmolei, n. gen., n. sp., from Ecuador; the first known eyeless cavernicolous hydrophilid beetle (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae)". Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 83: 316–323. https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/16364657. 

Wikidata ☰ Q20735374 entry




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