Biology:Auricularia angiospermarum

From HandWiki
Short description: Species of fungus

Auricularia angiospermarum
Auricularia angiospermarum Y.C. Dai, F. Wu & D.W. Li 795223.jpg
Auricularia angiospermarum on dead broadleaf tree, Missouri
Scientific classification edit
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Fungi
Division: Basidiomycota
Class: Agaricomycetes
Order: Auriculariales
Family: Auriculariaceae
Genus: Auricularia
Species:
A. angiospermarum
Binomial name
Auricularia angiospermarum
Y.C. Dai, F. Wu & D.W. Li (2015)

Auricularia angiospermarum (wood ear or tree ear) is a species of fungus in the family Auriculariaceae. Basidiocarps (fruitbodies) are gelatinous, ear-like, and grow on dead wood of broadleaf trees. It is a North American species and was formerly confused with Auricularia auricula-judae which is confined to Europe.

Taxonomy

The species was originally described in 2015 from Connecticut on a fallen oak trunk. It had previously been referred to Auricularia americana 'deciduous unit',[1] but additional molecular research, based on cladistic analysis of DNA sequences, has shown that Auricularia angiospermarum is a distinct species.[2][3]

Description

Auricularia angiospermarum forms thin, brown, rubbery-gelatinous fruit bodies that are ear-shaped and up to 80 mm (3.1 in) across and 3 mm (0.12 in) thick. The fruitbodies occur singly or in clusters. The upper surface is finely pilose. The spore-bearing underside is smooth.[3]

Microscopic characters

The microscopic characters are typical of the genus Auricularia. The basidia are tubular, laterally septate, 45–65 × 3.5–5 µm. The spores are allantoid (sausage-shaped), 13–15 × 5–5.5 µm.[3]

Similar species

In North America, Auricularia americana is almost identical but grows on conifer wood.[2][3] On wood of broadleaf trees, Auricularia fuscosuccinea occurs in southern North America and typically has cinnamon-brown to purplish-brown fruitbodies.[1] Auricularia nigricans is also southern, but has a densely pilose upper surface.[1]

Habitat and distribution

Auricularia angiospermarum is a wood-rotting species, typically found on dead attached or fallen wood of broadleaf trees. It is widely distributed in North America, but is not currently known elsewhere.[3]

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 Looney, B. (2013). "Systematics of the genus Auricularia with an emphasis on species from the southeastern United States.". North American Fungi. doi:10.2509/naf2013.008.006. ISSN 1937-786X. http://dx.doi.org/10.2509/naf2013.008.006. 
  2. 2.0 2.1 "Global diversity and taxonomy of the Auricularia auricula-judae complex (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota)". Mycological Progress 14 (10). 2015. doi:10.1007/s11557-015-1113-4. 
  3. 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 "Global diversity and updated phylogeny of Auricularia (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota)". Journal of Fungi 7 (11): 933. 2021. doi:10.3390/jof7110933. PMID 34829220. 

Wikidata ☰ Q111684981 entry