Biology:Calpastatin

From HandWiki
Short description: Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens


A representation of the 3D structure of the protein myoglobin showing turquoise α-helices.
Generic protein structure example

Calpastatin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CAST gene.[1][2][3][4]

The protein encoded by this gene is an endogenous calpain (calcium-dependent cysteine protease) inhibitor. It consists of an N-terminal domain L and four repetitive calpain-inhibition domains (domains 1–4), and it is involved in the proteolysis of amyloid precursor protein.[citation needed] The calpain/calpastatin system is involved in numerous membrane fusion events, such as neural vesicle exocytosis and platelet and red-cell aggregation. The encoded protein is also thought to affect the expression levels of genes encoding structural or regulatory proteins. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants of this gene have been described, but the full-length natures of only some have been determined.[4]

References

  1. "Requirement of different subdomains of calpastatin for calpain inhibition and for binding to calmodulin-like domains". J Biochem 113 (5): 591–9. Sep 1993. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a124088. PMID 8340353. 
  2. "Changes in calpastatin localization and expression during calpain activation: a new mechanism for the regulation of intracellular Ca(2+)-dependent proteolysis". Cell Mol Life Sci 60 (12): 2669–78. Dec 2003. doi:10.1007/s00018-003-3288-0. PMID 14685690. 
  3. "Four promoters direct expression of the calpastatin gene". Arch Biochem Biophys 437 (1): 69–77. Apr 2005. doi:10.1016/j.abb.2005.02.026. PMID 15820218. 
  4. 4.0 4.1 "Entrez Gene: CAST calpastatin". https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?Db=gene&Cmd=ShowDetailView&TermToSearch=831. 

Further reading

External links

  • The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: LI27.001