Biology:Escobaria
| Escobaria | |
|---|---|
| |
| Escobaria vivipara var. radiosa | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Cactaceae |
| Subfamily: | Cactoideae |
| Tribe: | Cacteae |
| Genus: | Escobaria Britton & Rose |
| Type species | |
| Escobaria tuberculosa | |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
Escobaria, pincushion cactus or foxtail cactus[1] is a genus of low-growing cacti that range from the southernmost parts of central and western Canada through northern Mexico, with one species in Cuba. The genus comprises about 23 species. The term "pincushion cactus" may also refer to the related Mammillaria.
The stems of Escobaria range from globose to cylindrical, and lack nectar-secreting glands; while ribs are absent, tubercles are present, tending to become corky and deciduous as they age. The flowers usually appear in spring and may have a variety of colors, while the fruits are almost always red. The seeds in this genus are notable for being deeply pitted.
Common species include the Missouri foxtail cactus E. missouriensis,[2] widespread in grassland and forest west of the Mississippi, and the spinystar E. vivipara,[3] distributed across the US and into Canada, first described by Nuttall in 1813.
Escobaria was defined by Nathaniel Britton and Joseph Rose in their major work The Cactaceae (1923); they named the genus after Rómulo and Numa Escobar. The cacti of this genus bear many similarities to Coryphantha and Mammillaria. Two species were recently moved to Acharagma.
Taxonomy
The following genera have been brought into synonymy with Escobaria:
- Cochiseia W.H.Earle
- Escobesseya Hester
- Fobea Fric (nom. inval.)
- Neobesseya Britton & Rose
Species
| Section | Group | Image | Scientific name | Subspecies | Distribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pleurantha N.P.Taylor | .jpg)
|
Escobaria chihuahuensis Britton & Rose |
|
Mexico | |
| Escobaria | 
|
Escobaria tuberculosa (Engelm.) Britton & Rose | New Mexico, Mexico | ||
| Sneedii Group | 
|
Escobaria albicolumnaria Hester | Big Bend area of west Texas | ||
|
Escobaria guadalupensis S.Brack & K.D.Heil | Texas | |||
|
Escobaria laredoi (Glass & R.A.Foster) N.P.Taylor | Coahuila de Zaragoza - Mexico | |||
|
Escobaria orcuttii Boed. |
|
Arizona, New Mexico - United States | ||
|
Escobaria organensis (Zimmerman) Castetter, P.Pierce & K.H.Schwer. | New Mexico | |||
| Escobaria sandbergii Castetter, P.Pierce & K.H.Schwer. | New Mexico | ||||
|
Escobaria sneedii Britton & Rose |
|
New Mexico, Texas | ||
| Escobaria villardii Castetter, P.Pierce & K.H.Schwer. | New Mexico | ||||
| Vivipara Group | 
|
Escobaria alversonii (J.M.Coult.) N.P.Taylor | Arizona, California | ||
|
Escobaria deserti (Engelm. ex S.Watson) Buxb. | Arizona, California | |||
|
Escobaria hesteri (Y.Wright) Buxb. | Texas | |||
|
Escobaria vivipara (Nutt.) Buxb. | Canada (Alberta, Manitoba, Saskatchewan ), Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila de Zaragoza, Sonora), United States (Arizona, California (state), Colorado, Kansas, Minnesota, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Dakota, Texas, Utah, Wyoming) | |||
| Neobesseya (Britton & Rose) N.P.Taylor | .jpg)
|
Escobaria emskoetteriana (Quehl) Borg | Mexico (Coahuila de Zaragoza, Tamaulipas ), United States (Texas) | ||
| Dasyacantha Group | 
|
Escobaria dasyacantha (Engelm.) Britton & Rose |
|
Mexico (Chihuahua, Coahuila de Zaragoza, Zacatecas), USA (Texas, New Mexico) | |
| Escobaria duncanii (Hester) Backeb. | New Mexico, Texas | ||||
| Escobaria lloydii Britton & Rose | Mexico (Zacatecas) | ||||
|
Escobaria minima (Baird) D.R.Hunt | Texas | |||
|
Escobaria robbinsorum (W.H.Earle) D.R.Hunt | Arizona | |||
| Missouriensis Group | 
|
Escobaria cubensis (Britton & Rose) D.R.Hunt | Cuba | ||
|
Escobaria missouriensis (Sweet) D.R.Hunt |
|
USA ( Arizona, Idaho, Kansas, New Mexico, North Dakota), Mexico (Coahuila de Zaragoza, Nuevo Leon) | ||
| Escobaria zilziana (Boed.) Backeb. | Mexico (Coahuila de Zaragoza) |
References
- ↑ "Escobaria Britton & Rose foxtail cactus" PLANTS database, Natural Resources Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture
- ↑ "Escobaria missouriensis (Sweet) D.R. Hunt - Missouri foxtail cactus" PLANTS database, Natural Resources Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture
- ↑ "Escobaria vivipara (Nutt.) Buxbaum - spinystar" PLANTS database, Natural Resources Conservation Service, United States Department of Agriculture
- Anderson, Edward F. (2001) The Cactus Family Timber Press, Portland, Oregon, pp. 307–314, ISBN:0-88192-498-9
- Genus Escobaria Eng/De/Cz
External links
Wikidata ☰ Q133509 entry
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