Biology:Lagenorhynchus
| Lagenorhynchus Temporal range: Pliocene to Recent[1]
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|---|---|
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| Lagenorhynchus albirostris | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Artiodactyla |
| Infraorder: | Cetacea |
| Family: | Delphinidae |
| Genus: | Lagenorhynchus Gray, 1846 |
| Type species | |
| Delphinus albirostris [2] Gray, 1846
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| Species | |
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Lagenorhynchus albirostris | |
Lagenorhynchus is a genus of oceanic dolphins in the infraorder Cetacea, presently containing six extant species.[3] However, there is consistent molecular evidence that the genus is polyphyletic[4] and several of the species are likely to be moved to other genera. In addition, the extinct species Lagenorhynchus harmatuki is also classified in this genus.[5]
Etymology
The name Lagenorhynchus derives from the Greek lagenos meaning "bottle" and rhynchus meaning "beak". Indeed, the "bottle-nose" is a characteristic of this genus. However, the dolphins popularly called bottlenose dolphins belong in the genus Tursiops.
Taxonomy
There is compelling evidence from molecular phylogeny that the genus Lagenorhynchus is polyphyletic, meaning that it currently contains several species that are not closely related.[6] LeDuc, Perrin & Dizon 1999 found that the white-beaked and Atlantic white-sided dolphins are phylogenetically isolated within the Delphinidae, where they are believed to be rather basal members of the family Delphinidae, together with the killer whale (subfamily Orcininae).[7]
The remaining four species of Lagenorhynchus: Pacific white-sided dolphin, Peale's dolphin, hourglass dolphin and dusky dolphin consistently appear nested within the Lissodelphininae subfamily in studies of molecular phylogeny,[8][4] together with the Right whale dolphins and the four species of the genus Cephalorhynchus (including Hector's dolphin). Some authors have suggested that these four species are placed in the resurrected genus Sagmatias.[6][4] However, other molecular studies recover the hourglass and Peale's dolphins as nested phylogenetically within the four species of Cephalorhynchus and thereby speaks against inclusion in a new genus together with Pacific white-sided dolphin and dusky dolphin.[8] This phylogeny is supported by acoustic and morphological data. Both hourglass and Peale's dolphins share with the species of Cephalorhynchus a distinct type of echolocation signal known as a narrow-band, high-frequency signal.[9][10] This signal is shared with porpoises (Phocoenidae) and pygmy sperm whales (Kogiidae), but is not found among other dolphin groups. According to Schevill & Watkins 1971, Peale's dolphin and the Cephalorhynchus species are the only dolphins that do not whistle. Presumably this is the case for hourglass dolphins, as well. Peale's dolphin also shares with several Cephalorhynchus species the possession of a distinct white "armpit" marking behind the pectoral fin.[citation needed]
The melon-headed whale was first classified as member of the genus Lagenorhynchus, but was later moved to its own genus, Peponocephala.[11]
Notes
- ↑ "Fossilworks: Lagenorhynchus". http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=36746.
- ↑ Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M., eds (2005). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494. http://www.departments.bucknell.edu/biology/resources/msw3/browse.asp?id=14300059.
- ↑ "List of marine mammal species". Society for Marine Mammalogy. https://marinemammalscience.org/science-and-publications/list-marine-mammal-species-subspecies/.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 LeDuc, Perrin & Dizon 1999
- ↑ "Fossilworks: Lagenorhynchus harmatuki". http://www.fossilworks.org/cgi-bin/bridge.pl?a=taxonInfo&taxon_no=114702.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Vollmer, Nicole L.; Ashe, Erin; Brownell, Robert L.; Cipriano, Frank; Mead, James G.; Reeves, Randall R.; Soldevilla, Melissa S.; Williams, Rob (2019). "Taxonomic revision of the dolphin genus Lagenorhynchus" (in en). Marine Mammal Science 35 (3): 957–1057. doi:10.1111/mms.12573. ISSN 1748-7692. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/mms.12573.
- ↑ McGowen, Michael R; Tsagkogeorga, Georgia; Álvarez-Carretero, Sandra; dos Reis, Mario; Struebig, Monika; Deaville, Robert; Jepson, Paul D; Jarman, Simon et al. (2019-10-21). "Phylogenomic Resolution of the Cetacean Tree of Life Using Target Sequence Capture". Systematic Biology 69 (3): 479–501. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syz068. ISSN 1063-5157. PMID 31633766. PMC 7164366. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syz068.
- ↑ 8.0 8.1 May-Collado & Agnarsson 2006
- ↑ Tougaard & Kyhn 2010
- ↑ Kyhn et al. 2010
- ↑ Nishiwaki, M. and K.S. Norris (1966). "A new genus, Peponocephala, for the odontocete cetacean species (Electra electra)". The Scientific Reports of the Whales Research Institute 20: 95–100.
References
- Kyhn, LA; Jensen, FH; Beedholm, FH; Tougaard, J (June 2010). "Echolocation in sympatric Peale's dolphins (Lagenorhynchus australis) and Commerson's dolphins (Cephalorhynchus commersonii) producing narrow-band high-frequency clicks". Journal of Experimental Biology 213 (11): 1940–9. doi:10.1242/jeb.042440. ISSN 0022-0949. OCLC 618825118. PMID 20472781.
- LeDuc, R.G.; Perrin, W.F.; Dizon, A.E. (July 1999). "Phylogenetic relationships among the delphinid cetaceans based on full cytochrome b sequences". Marine Mammal Science 15 (3): 619–648. doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.1999.tb00833.x. ISSN 0824-0469.
- May-Collado, Laura; Agnarsson, Ingi (2006). "Cytochrome b and Bayesian inference of whale phylogeny". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 38 (2): 344–54. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.09.019. ISSN 1055-7903. OCLC 441745572. PMID 16325433. http://www.theridiidae.com/uploads/6/6/8/0/6680387/maycolladoandagnarsson2006.pdf.
- Schevill, W.E.; Watkins, W.A. (January 15, 1971). "Pulsed sounds of the porpoise Lagenorhynchus australis". Breviora 366: 1–10. ISSN 0006-9698. OCLC 80876226.
- Tougaard, J; Kyhn, LA (2010). "Echolocation sounds of hourglass dolphins (Lagenorhynchus cruciger) are similar to the narrow band high-frequency echolocation sounds of the dolphin genus Cephalorhynchus". Marine Mammal Science 26 (1): 239–45. doi:10.1111/j.1748-7692.2009.00307.x. ISSN 0824-0469. OCLC 497138903.
Wikidata ☰ Q837606 entry
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