Biology:Leucoagaricus

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Leucoagaricus is a genus of mushroom-forming fungi in the family Agaricaceae.[1] As of March 2023 there are over 200 accepted species of Leucoagaricus with ongoing research into the genus adding several more each year.[2] Leucocoprinus is a similar genus and considered by some sources to be indistinct from Leucoagaricus based on genetic data that demonstrates they are monophyletic. Species are separated into these genera based on macroscopic features such as cap striations in Leucocoprinus or the more persistent basidiocarps (mushrooms) of Leucoagaricus as well as microscopic features such as the lack of a germ pore in Leucoagaricus species.[3][4] As a result of the similarities and disagreement on taxonomy, many of the species within these genera have formerly been classified in the other and may still be known by previous classifications. For instance the species Leucoagaricus gongylophorus is cultivated by fungus-growing ants but was formerly known as Leucocoprinus gongylophorus whilst other species cultivated by the lesser attine ants are still classified as undescribed Leucocoprinus species.[5]

Taxonomy

This group of mushrooms was first defined as a subgenus of Leucocoprinus by Marcel Locquin in 1945, and it was then elevated to the status of genus by Rolf Singer in the journal Sydowia in 1948. The group was characterized as belonging to family Agaricaceae with white, dirty cream or pink spores which are generally small (up to 10 μm) but much bigger in one species, with a germ pore, with a pseudo-amyloid multilayered membrane, simple or ornamented, which is metachromatic in cresyl blue. The hyphae in the sporocarp are without clamp connections. There is always a ring which is initially fixed (but later may be movable).[6]

The type species is Leucoagaricus barssii (Zeller) Vellinga, which was formerly called L. macrorhizus.

The genus Sericeomyces was created in 1978 by the Belgian mycologist Paul Heinemann to accommodate species with a silky covering to the cap[7] with 24 species being placed within this genus having been reclassified from Lepiota.[8] However this classification has since been rejected as phylogenetic data demonstrated they were not distinct from Leucoagaricus.[9]

The genus is further divided based on its morphology with the section classifications:[3]

  • Leucoagaricus section Annulati
  • Leucoagaricus section Leucoagaricus
  • Leucoagaricus section Piloselli
  • Leucoagaricus section Rubrotincti
  • Leucoagaricus section Sculpturati
  • Leucoagaricus section Sphaerocystophori

Starting in 2023,[10] numerous Leucoagaricus species were moved to the Leucocoprinus genus followed by a series of publications in 2024 that moved more species to Leucocoprinus[11][12][13] and created the genera Macropsalliota and Candelolepiota.[14]

Species

Main article: Biology:List of Leucoagaricus species

Select species include:

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Index Fungorum - Leucoagaricus Locq. ex Singer (1948)". https://www.indexfungorum.org/Names/NamesRecord.asp?RecordID=17956. 
  2. ↑ "Species Fungorum - Leucoagaricus". http://www.speciesfungorum.org/names/names.asp?strGenus=Leucoagaricus&GSD=Yes. 
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 Sysouphanthong, P; Thongklang, N (2022). "Two new species of Leucoagaricus (Agaricaceae) from the Lao People's Democratic Republic". Current Research in Environmental & Applied Mycology (Journal of Fungal Biology) 12: 65–74. doi:10.5943/cream/12/1/6. https://www.creamjournal.org/pdf/CREAM_12_1_6.pdf. 
  4. ↑ Vellinga, Else C.; Sysouphanthong, Phongeun; Hyde, Kevin D. (2011). "The family Agaricaceae: phylogenies and two new white-spored genera". Mycologia 103 (3): 494–509. doi:10.3852/10-204. ISSN 0027-5514. PMID 21193599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3852/10-204. 
  5. ↑ "Leucoagaricus gongylophorus produces diverse enzymes for the degradation of recalcitrant plant polymers in leaf-cutter ant fungus gardens". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79 (12): 3770–8. June 2013. doi:10.1128/AEM.03833-12. PMID 23584789. Bibcode: 2013ApEnM..79.3770A. 
  6. ↑ "Diagnoses fungorum novorum Agaricalium" (in Latin). Sydowia 2: 35. 1948. http://www.cybertruffle.org.uk/cyberliber/59633/0002/001/0035.htm. 
  7. ↑ Heinemann, P. (1978). "Sericeomyces, genre nouveau de Leucocoprineae (Agaricaceae)". Bulletin du Jardin botanique national de Belgique / Bulletin van de National Plantentuin van België 48 (3/4): 399–407. doi:10.2307/3667940. ISSN 0303-9153. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3667940. 
  8. ↑ "Species Fungorum - Sericeomyces". https://www.speciesfungorum.org/names/names.asp?strGenus=Sericeomyces&GSD=Yes. 
  9. ↑ Vellinga, Else C. (2004). "Genera in the family Agaricaceae: evidence from nrITS and nrLSU sequences". Mycological Research 108 (4): 354–377. doi:10.1017/s0953756204009700. ISSN 0953-7562. PMID 15209277. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953756204009700. 
  10. ↑ "Index Fungorum no. 551". Index Fungorum. http://www.indexfungorum.org/Publications/Index%20Fungorum%20no.551.pdf. Retrieved 2023-02-08. 
  11. ↑ Asif, Muhammad; Saba, Malka; Raza, Mubashar; Vellinga, Else C. (2024-06-07). "Molecular insights into fungal diversity reveal three novel species of Leucocoprinus from southern Punjab, Pakistan". Mycologia 116 (4): 601–620. doi:10.1080/00275514.2024.2351769. ISSN 0027-5514. https://doi.org/10.1080/00275514.2024.2351769. 
  12. ↑ Migliozzi, V.; Donato, G. (2024). "Nuevas combinaciones para hallazgos Italianos del género Leucoagaricus ahora Leucocoprinus.". Errotari 21: 61. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/385614419_NUEVAS_COMBINACIONES_PARA_HALLAZGOS_ITALIANOS_DEL_GENERO_Leucoagaricus_AHORA_Leucocoprinus_NUOVE_COMBINAZIONI_PER_RITROVAMENTI_ITALIANI_DEL_GENERE_Leucoagaricus_ORA_Leucocoprinus. 
  13. ↑ Li, Jia-Xin; Cao, Bin; He, Mao-Qiang; Zhu, Xin-Yu; Liu, Dong-Mei; Zhao, Rui-Lin (2025-10-02). "Ten new species of Leucoagaricus and Leucocoprinus from Beijing: Revealing rich diversity in temperate regions". Mycology 16 (4): 1558–1588. doi:10.1080/21501203.2025.2457330. ISSN 2150-1203. https://doi.org/10.1080/21501203.2025.2457330. 
  14. ↑ YANG, KUN L.; LIN, JIA Y.; LI, GUANG-MEI; LI, TAIHUI; YANG, ZHU L. (2024-12-11). "Rediscovering Leucoagaricus sinicus, with the recognition of Leucoagaricus and Leucocoprinus as separate genera, and two new genera in Agaricaceae (Basidiomycota)". Phytotaxa 676 (3): 199–255. doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.676.3.1. ISSN 1179-3163. https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.676.3.1. 

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Wikidata ☰ Q1297274 entry



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